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VOA双语新闻:美国拉美裔人口显著增长

时间:2011-10-20 06:58来源:互联网 提供网友:木子平儿   字体: [ ]
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  Recently released data from the 2010 U.S. census1 shows significant growth in the nation's Hispanic population. And nowhere has that growth been more dramatic than in the southwestern state of Texas, the state with the biggest overall population increase during the past decade. Experts say the demographic shifts pose a challenge for the state and that its future prosperity will depend on how Texas meets that challenge.
最近公布的2010年美国人口普查数据显示,美国的拉美裔人口显著增长,而增幅最大的是西南部的德克萨斯州。德州是过去10年来总人口增长最多的州。专家表示,人口结构变化给州政府带来了很大挑战,未来的繁荣有赖于德州如何应对这些挑战。
Not long ago, the annual Houston Hispanic Chamber2 of Commerce Luncheon3 was the city's biggest Hispanic business event of the year. Now it is the biggest business event of any kind in the city, drawing many non-Hispanic figures from industry and government as well as Latino business owners.
不久前,休斯敦拉美裔商会每年一次的午餐会还是休斯敦规模最大的拉美裔商业活动。如今,这个午餐会已经变成休斯敦所有活动中规模最大的一个,不但吸引拉美裔商家,也吸引了商界和政府中许多非拉美裔参加。
During the past four years, under the leadership of President and Chief Executive Officer Laura Murillo, the Houston Hispanic Chamber of Commerce has experienced a 600 percent growth in membership. She says Houston's young population, its location and the business-friendly environment in Texas all help.
过去四年里,在首席执行官劳拉·穆里洛的领导下,休斯敦拉美裔商会的会员增加了百分之600。劳拉把这归功于休斯敦的年轻人口、地理位置以及德州的重商氛围。
"Our chamber, for example, has attracted many sponsors that had traditionally gone to Miami or Los Angeles," noted4 Murillo. "They are coming to Houston now because they have found that the economy of Houston is so much stronger than it is in other parts of the country."
她说:“比如,我们商会吸引了很多原来一直去迈阿密和洛杉矶的赞助商。现在他们来到了休斯敦,因为他们发现休斯敦的经济比美国其它地方都强劲。”
Many businesses here see an advantage in hiring local Hispanics who can help them build links with Latin America.
这里很多商家看到了在当地雇用拉美裔员工的优势,这些员工可以帮助他们和拉丁美洲建立联系。
Francisco Grados works for an accounting5 firm whose workforce6 is now 30 percent Hispanic.
弗朗西斯科·格拉多在一家会计公司工作,公司员工百分之30是拉美裔。
"We have several clients from Latin America, Spain," said Grados. "And even though they speak English, they feel more confident, secure speaking Spanish. And it is an advantage to be bilingual."
他说:“我们有一些拉美和西班牙客户,虽然他们也讲英语,但是他们讲西班牙语会更自信,觉得更安全。因此,能讲双语的确是个优势。”
Rice University sociologist7 Steve Murdock says the future of Texas depends on Hispanics, because they are the fastest growing segment of the state's population.
莱斯大学社会学家史蒂夫·默多克认为,德州的未来有赖于拉美裔,因为他们是这个州人口增长最快的族裔。
"Sixty-five percent of the [population] growth in Texas was due to the Hispanic population," said Murdock.
他说:“德州百分之65的人口增长要归功于拉美裔。”
Census figures show the population of non-Hispanic whites, often called Anglos in the Latino community, is increasing at a much slower pace than that of Hispanics. Very few Texas counties are experiencing Anglo population growth, while most others show a decline. The opposite is true for Hispanics.
Although immigrants account for most Hispanic population growth in other U.S. states, sociologist Steve Murdock says the growth in Texas comes mostly from a natural increase within an already established population.
默多克指出,尽管在美国其它州,导致拉美裔人口增加的主要原因是移民,但是在德州,拉美裔人口的增加是在已有人口基础上的自然增长。
"Most Hispanics in Texas are not immigrants; they have been here for multiple generations," said Murdock. "And remember, there are parts of Texas that have been Hispanic longer than they have been Anglo."
他说:“德州大多数的拉美裔不是移民,他们已经在这里生活了好几代了。别忘了,在德州很多地方,拉美裔居住的时间超过盎格鲁人,即非拉美裔白人。”
But Murdock says census figures show a looming8 problem for Texas in that minorities, especially Hispanics, tend to be less educated and earn much less on average than non-Hispanic whites.
但是,默多克同时谈到,人口统计数字显示,德州的少数族裔特别是拉美裔面临的最大问题是,这些人通常比非拉美裔白人教育程度低,收入要少得多。
"The modal minority is a Hispanic male, 25 to 29 years of age, with less than a high school level of education and making about $35,000, down about $3,000, in real dollar terms, from 1999 to 2009," he added.
他说:“最典型的是一个25岁到29岁的拉美裔男性,他高中没毕业,一年挣3万5千美元,在1999到2009年间下降了大约3千美元。”
Murdock says the state's economic future depends on how well Texas educates this dynamic young population.
默多克指出,德州经济的未来将取决于州政府如何教育这些富有活力的年轻人。
"If we could meet that challenge, what some of us call the Texas challenge, we could have a younger population than most other parts of the country in a time period when aging of the population is going to be a major problem," Murdock noted.
他说:“如果我们能够应对这个挑战,也就是所谓‘德州挑战’,那么,在老龄化正逐渐成为一个重大问题之际,德州的人口将比美国大部分地方的人口都年轻。”
The Houston Hispanic Chamber of Commerce's Laura Murillo says education of young Hispanics is the key to this state's future.
休斯敦拉美裔商会的劳拉·穆里洛指出,让拉美裔青年人接受教育是德州未来的关键所在。
"We will be the economic engine, not only of the city of Houston, but of Texas. And that will require a more educated Hispanic community," said Murdock.
But politicians in the Texas capital, Austin, are struggling with a deficit9 of more than $20 billion, and they are cutting rather than expanding some educational programs.
然而,德州政府官员正在为200多亿美元的财政赤字大伤脑筋,政府非但没有扩大、相反正在削减一些教育项目。
Being raised by Mexican-American parents who emphasized the value of education helped bank executive Michelle Hitchings find success. She says she sees it as the best investment the state can make.
银行高管米歇尔·希钦斯自小生长在美国和墨西哥文化的家庭中,父母一直强调教育的重要性,这让希钦斯最终取得了成功。希钦斯认为,教育是州政府最好的投资。
"It is a huge mistake cutting education funds, especially early childhood education, which, now we know, is more important than ever," said Hitchings.
她说:“减少教育资金是一个重大错误,特别是早期的儿童教育,现在我们知道,那是最重要的一个环节。”
Hitchings says she knows that many young Latinos could be inspired by her example and she spends time working with the Girl Scouts10 and other community groups to encourage children to aspire11 to great things.
希钦斯知道,她的成长经历能够激励很多拉美裔年轻人,因此她总是抽时间参加女童子军和其它社区组织的工作,鼓励孩子们树立远大的志向。
Partly because of these role models and their influence, Laura Murillo says she is optimistic about the role Hispanics will play in the future of Texas.
休斯敦拉美裔商会的穆里洛表示,部分原因在于这些模范人物的影响,她本人对拉美裔将来在德州扮演的角色比较乐观。
"I see a Texas that is truly going to be a model for what the rest of the United States will look for in terms of a state with a predominant Hispanic community that Texas will be the model for the rest of the states to follow," Murillo added.
她说:“就一个拉美裔占多数的州这点来说,我觉得德州将为美国其它州树立起一个典范。”
Laura Murillo calls the city's Hispanic business people the "leaders of Houston's new majority."
穆里洛把休斯敦的拉美裔商界人士称为“休斯敦新大众的领袖”。


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 census arnz5     
n.(官方的)人口调查,人口普查
参考例句:
  • A census of population is taken every ten years.人口普查每10年进行一次。
  • The census is taken one time every four years in our country.我国每四年一次人口普查。
2 chamber wnky9     
n.房间,寝室;会议厅;议院;会所
参考例句:
  • For many,the dentist's surgery remains a torture chamber.对许多人来说,牙医的治疗室一直是间受刑室。
  • The chamber was ablaze with light.会议厅里灯火辉煌。
3 luncheon V8az4     
n.午宴,午餐,便宴
参考例句:
  • We have luncheon at twelve o'clock.我们十二点钟用午餐。
  • I have a luncheon engagement.我午饭有约。
4 noted 5n4zXc     
adj.著名的,知名的
参考例句:
  • The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
  • Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。
5 accounting nzSzsY     
n.会计,会计学,借贷对照表
参考例句:
  • A job fell vacant in the accounting department.财会部出现了一个空缺。
  • There's an accounting error in this entry.这笔账目里有差错。
6 workforce workforce     
n.劳动大军,劳动力
参考例句:
  • A large part of the workforce is employed in agriculture.劳动人口中一大部分受雇于农业。
  • A quarter of the local workforce is unemployed.本地劳动力中有四分之一失业。
7 sociologist 2wSwo     
n.研究社会学的人,社会学家
参考例句:
  • His mother was a sociologist,researching socialism.他的母亲是个社会学家,研究社会主义。
  • Max Weber is a great and outstanding sociologist.马克斯·韦伯是一位伟大的、杰出的社会学家。
8 looming 1060bc05c0969cf209c57545a22ee156     
n.上现蜃景(光通过低层大气发生异常折射形成的一种海市蜃楼)v.隐约出现,阴森地逼近( loom的现在分词 );隐约出现,阴森地逼近
参考例句:
  • The foothills were looming ahead through the haze. 丘陵地带透过薄雾朦胧地出现在眼前。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Then they looked up. Looming above them was Mount Proteome. 接着他们往上看,在其上隐约看到的是蛋白质组山。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 回顾与展望
9 deficit tmAzu     
n.亏空,亏损;赤字,逆差
参考例句:
  • The directors have reported a deficit of 2.5 million dollars.董事们报告赤字为250万美元。
  • We have a great deficit this year.我们今年有很大亏损。
10 scouts e6d47327278af4317aaf05d42afdbe25     
侦察员[机,舰]( scout的名词复数 ); 童子军; 搜索; 童子军成员
参考例句:
  • to join the Scouts 参加童子军
  • The scouts paired off and began to patrol the area. 巡逻人员两个一组,然后开始巡逻这个地区。
11 aspire ANbz2     
vi.(to,after)渴望,追求,有志于
参考例句:
  • Living together with you is what I aspire toward in my life.和你一起生活是我一生最大的愿望。
  • I aspire to be an innovator not a follower.我迫切希望能变成个开创者而不是跟随者。
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