英国新闻听力 刚果共和国出现连续暴力

Continued Violence in the Democratic Republic of Congo-刚果共和国出现连续暴力

尽管刚果共和国在去年举行了四十多年以来的第一次自由公正的选举，但是暴力活动仍在这个国家的部分地区持续发生。在东部，反对党的军队和卢旺达的一个叛军组织进行了8个多月的战争，致使一百六十多万人逃离了家乡。据在北基伍省的萨拉·格兰杰报道，援助机构害怕在未来的几个月中，这个数字会增加到3倍。

单词注释： 

instability n. 不稳定（性） 

dissident n. 持不同政见者 

ambush¹ n. 埋伏, 伏兵 

participation² n. 参与，分享 

castrate vt. 阉割

ANNOUNCER: Despite the Democratic Republic of Congo holding its first free and fair elections in more than forty years last year, instability and outbreak of violence continue in parts of the country. In the East, 8 months of fighting between the dissident army general and a rebel group from Rwanda has led more than a hundred and sixty thousand people to flee their homes. Sarah Granger who has been to North Kivu Province says aid agencies fear that that number could triple in the coming months.

播音员：尽管刚果共和国在去年举行了四十多年以来的第一次自由公正的选举，但是暴力活动仍在这个国家的部分地区持续发生。在东部，反对党的军队和卢旺达的一个叛军组织进行了8个多月的战争，致使一百六十多万人逃离了家乡。据在北基伍省的萨拉?格兰杰报道，援助机构害怕在未来的几个月中，这个数字会增加到3倍。

SARAH GRANGER: Its early morning in Goma, the volcano Nyiragongo Tower was over the town which looks out a cross Lake Kivu, one of the Africa’s great lakes to neighbouring Rwanda. Clear skies promised a hot day ahead. The security status of our route north is also hot with reports of ambushes³ of humanitarian⁴ vehicles. “They can take my money, my clothes, they can leave me naked” says Vicky, our guide. “As long as my heart is still beating, I know there is hope.” He is talking about the banditry which plagues the road in this part of the Province. As we drive out of Goma towards the town of Rashira, we see small groups of soldiers every one or two hundred meters. They were intended to prevent the kind of ambush that one aid agency vehicle fell into recently. Armed men took money, mobile phones, anything of value from the employees of the Norwegian Refugee Council. It’s not always easy to identify who these armed men are, but many people put the latest troubles in the region down to the dissident general, Laurent Nkunda. He launched the rebellion in 2004 against the Kinshasa Government, saying that his people, Congolese ethnic⁵ Tutsis, needed protection from Rwandan rebels hiding out in Eastern Congo since their participation in the 1994 genocide. The genocide was carried out by extremist Tutus against Tutsis and many of the perpetrators fled into Eastern Congo. Nkunda says their presence threatens his Tutsi people. The Kinshasa Government sitting more than 2,000 kilometers away from North Kivu has struggled to handle Nkunda effectively. Negotiations⁶ with the general led to the integration⁷ of some of his troops into the national army early in 2007. But this move backfired, he not only commands his own dissident forces but also has effective control over the brigade of the national army into which his former troops were placed. In a neat compound in Ratsuria, we find two young women, Julian and Beatrice, sitting together under the sunshine on a low wooden bench; each nurses a child at her breast. Two months ago, they were strangers, now they share a house. Beatrice lived in a village twelve kilometers away. When the armed men came their village in June, they looted belongings⁸, raped⁹ some of the women and beat the men. She, her husband and seven months old baby fled into the bush to hide, but was so worried they would be found, they decided¹⁰ to flee south. As they entered Ratsuria they walked past Julian compound and Beatrice asked for help. Her plea did not fall on deaf ears. “I had to flee this home before,” says Julian. “I know how it feels to have nowhere to go. “Julian lives in a small mud house, it has a corrugated¹¹ iron roof and the doors and windows have wooden frames. The compound is cleanly swept; chickens and goats freely roam amid banana trees. It’s a pleasant environment. It’s a small one for the four adults and seven children who now share it. But aid agencies said the system of host families is being stretched to breaking point. Whereas in previous years people would return home after a few weeks, now they stay for three, six or even nine months. Back in Goma we found the alternative to traditional hospitality. Around five thousand people live in the Magonga camp and soon it became apparent on why so many people have made this place their home. Gabriel is a forty-six-year-old school teacher. Last November his brother was castrated and then killed by Nkunda’s men when they attacked his village. Gabriel fled, carrying his neighbour on his back; she being shot in the foot. At the camp, they found security but little else. Each family has constructed a small hut from branches and dried banana leaves. The lucky ones have a plastic sheet to keep out the rains. Inside, there is just enough room for the average person to stand. One woman says she and her five children all sleep in the same hut. It’s hard to see how. The camp stands on parts of the larva flow from the eruption¹² five years ago from nearby Nyiragongo. The hard black rock gives the camp an apocalyptic¹³ air. It can’t make a very comfy bed. But for many in North Kivu, this kind of life has become normal. It’s the fifth time in fourteen years that Gabriel has left his home due to insecurity. He has left through war, a peace process and elections in his country. And yet little has really changed for him. He is still running away.

萨拉?格兰杰：现在是戈马的早上时间，尼拉贡戈火山的山顶就在这个城镇的上方，而这个城镇看起来就像是横跨了基伍湖。基伍湖临近卢旺达，是非洲一个比较大的湖。晴朗的天空预示着今天将会很热。通过人道主义者车辆的伏兵的报告，我们知道我们往北的路线安全情况也是很紧张的。“他们可以拿走我的钱，我的衣服，让我全身赤裸”，我们的导游维基说，“但是只要我的心脏还在跳动，我就怀有希望。”他指的是这个省的路上不断出没的盗贼。从戈马出来到Rashira镇的路上，我们可以看到每隔一两百米都驻扎着一些士兵。他们是为了阻止那些伏兵，不久前一个援助机构的车辆就中了他们的埋伏。那些武装人士拿走了钱，手机，和挪威难民委员会雇员身上所有值钱的东西。很难去弄清这些武装分子的身份，但是人们都认为是叛军劳伦?恩孔达的军队干的。他在2004年发起了反对金沙萨政府的叛变，宣称他的人民——刚果图西族，需要防止那些参与过1994年的种族大屠杀的潜藏在刚果东部的卢旺达叛军对他们的侵扰。那次屠杀是由反对图西族的胡图极端分子发动的，他们中的很多人都逃到了刚果东部。恩孔达称他们的存在威胁了他的图西人民。距离北基伍2000多公里的金沙萨政府正试图有效控制恩孔达及其军队。2007年早期与恩孔达将军的谈判导致了其部分军队整合到了国家军队里。但事与愿违，他不仅指挥了自己的军队，而且还有效控制了被他的原有部队所在的国家军队。在Ratsuria的一个整洁的有围墙的场地里，我们发现两个年轻妇女，朱利安和比阿特丽斯，她们正坐在一个低矮的长木椅上晒太阳，分别给两个孩子喂奶。二个月前，她们还是陌生人，现在她们共享一个房间。比阿特丽斯以前住的村庄离这里有12公里远。今年六月，全副武装的军人来到他们的村庄，奸淫抢掠。她和丈夫连同七个月大的婴儿一起躲在灌木丛中逃过一劫，因为害怕被发现，他们逃到了南部。当他们进入Ratsuria，他们路过了朱利安的场地，比阿特丽斯向他们求助，而她的求助立即受到了注意。朱利安说：“之前我不得不逃离这个家。我知道无家可归是什么滋味。”朱利安住在一个泥巴糊成的小房子里面。它的屋顶是瓦楞铁，门框和窗棱都是木头的。这个场地很干净，鸡和绵羊自由地在香蕉树下穿梭，环境很舒服。现在有四个大人和七个孩子共用这个小地方。但是援助机构说这种旅馆式家庭将要改变。以前人们在几个星期后就可以回到家里，但是现在他们得呆在家里三个月，六个月甚至九个月。在戈马，我们发现还有另一种传统好客的选择。大约有五千人住在Magonga的营地里，没多久，如此多的人把自己的家安置在这里的原由就很明显了。加百利是一个四十六岁的教师。去年十一月，恩孔达的军队袭击了他们的村子，阉割并杀害了他的弟弟。加百利背着脚被射伤的邻居逃了出来。在营地里，他们发现除了安全一无所有。每家都用树枝和干的香蕉叶建了一个小棚屋，幸运的人们还有一张塑料布来挡风遮雨。屋子的大小仅供每个人有立足之地。一个妇女说她和她的五个孩子都睡在同一个棚屋里。很难想象是什么情况。他们的营地就在五年前喷发的尼拉贡戈火山附近。帐篷里黑色坚硬的岩石有种世界末日的气氛，它无法成为一张很舒适的床。但是对于在北基伍的许多人来说，这种生活已经是很正常了。因为安全问题，这已经是加百利在十四年中第五次背井离乡了。在国家发生战争，和平，选举时他都曾离开过家乡。但是对他来说，情况并没有什么变化。现在他仍在流浪。

ANNOUNCER: Sarah Granger. 

播音员：以上是赛拉?格兰杰为您带来的报道。

1 ambush   

n.埋伏(地点)；伏兵；v.埋伏；伏击

参考例句：

• Our soldiers lay in ambush in the jungle for the enemy.我方战士埋伏在丛林中等待敌人。
• Four men led by a sergeant lay in ambush at the crossroads.由一名中士率领的四名士兵埋伏在十字路口。

2 participation   

n.参与，参加，分享

参考例句：

• Some of the magic tricks called for audience participation.有些魔术要求有观众的参与。
• The scheme aims to encourage increased participation in sporting activities.这个方案旨在鼓励大众更多地参与体育活动。

3 ambushes   

n.埋伏( ambush的名词复数 )；伏击；埋伏着的人；设埋伏点v.埋伏( ambush的第三人称单数 )；埋伏着

参考例句：

• He was a specialist in ambushes, he said, and explained his tactics. 他说自己是埋伏战斗方面的专家，并讲述了他的战术。 来自互联网
• It makes ambushes rather fun. 它使得埋伏战术非常有趣。 来自互联网

4 humanitarian   

n.人道主义者，博爱者，基督凡人论者

参考例句：

• She has many humanitarian interests and contributes a lot to them.她拥有很多慈善事业，并作了很大的贡献。
• The British government has now suspended humanitarian aid to the area.英国政府现已暂停对这一地区的人道主义援助。

5 ethnic   

adj.人种的，种族的，异教徒的

参考例句：

• This music would sound more ethnic if you played it in steel drums.如果你用钢鼓演奏，这首乐曲将更具民族特色。
• The plan is likely only to aggravate ethnic frictions.这一方案很有可能只会加剧种族冲突。

6 negotiations   

协商( negotiation的名词复数 )； 谈判； 完成（难事）； 通过

参考例句：

• negotiations for a durable peace 为持久和平而进行的谈判
• Negotiations have failed to establish any middle ground. 谈判未能达成任何妥协。

7 integration   

n.一体化，联合，结合

参考例句：

• We are working to bring about closer political integration in the EU.我们正在努力实现欧盟內部更加紧密的政治一体化。
• This was the greatest event in the annals of European integration.这是欧洲统一史上最重大的事件。

8 belongings   

n.私人物品，私人财物

参考例句：

• I put a few personal belongings in a bag.我把几件私人物品装进包中。
• Your personal belongings are not dutiable.个人物品不用纳税。

9 raped   

v.以暴力夺取，强夺( rape的过去式和过去分词 )；强奸

参考例句：

• A young woman was brutally raped in her own home. 一名年轻女子在自己家中惨遭强暴。 来自辞典例句
• We got stick together, or we will be having our women raped. 我们得团结一致，不然我们的妻女就会遭到蹂躏。 来自辞典例句

10 decided   

adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的

参考例句：

• This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
• There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。

11 corrugated   

adj.波纹的；缩成皱纹的；波纹面的；波纹状的v.（使某物）起皱褶(corrugate的过去式和过去分词)

参考例句：

• a corrugated iron roof 波纹铁屋顶
• His brow corrugated with the effort of thinking. 他皱着眉头用心地思考。 来自《简明英汉词典》

12 eruption   

n.火山爆发；（战争等）爆发；（疾病等）发作

参考例句：

• The temple was destroyed in the violent eruption of 1470 BC.庙宇在公元前1470年猛烈的火山爆发中摧毁了。
• The eruption of a volcano is spontaneous.火山的爆发是自发的。

13 apocalyptic   

adj.预示灾祸的，启示的

参考例句：

• The air is chill and stagnant,the language apocalyptic.空气寒冷而污浊，语言则是《启示录》式的。
• Parts of the ocean there look just absolutely apocalyptic.海洋的很多区域看上去完全像是世界末日。