英国新闻听力 美国逮捕孟买恐怖袭击者同党

The United States government has declared that greenhouse gases are endangering the health of American people. The ruling means President Obama can now order cuts in emissions¹ without having to win the backing of the US Senate, where climate change legislation is stalled. The move coincides with the climate change summit that opened today in Copenhagen. Mark Mardell reports from Washington.

The announcement had been expected for a while, but is important signal before President Obama travels to Copenhagen. At the moment, legislation restricting carbon emissions is tied up in the Senate, where it faces stiff opposition² both from those who say restrictions³ will cost the United States in jobs and push up energy prices, and those who simply don't accept that climate change is real or man-made. If the legislation is passed at all, it won't be until next spring. But this declaration raises the possibility that if it is blocked, President Obama’s administration could simply impose new rules.

At the Copenhagen Climate Change Summit itself, the United Nations Climate Chief Yvo de Boer said countries must set an ambitious goal on lowering emissions of greenhouse gases to tackle global warming. He said the meeting would make history, but warned it needed to be the right sort of history.

There have been two explosions in Pakistan's second biggest city Lahore, killing⁴ at least 30 people. Eyewitnesses⁵ say the blasts went off in a popular market packed with shoppers. Aleem Maqbool reports from Islamabad.

Even in hours after the attack, the fire prevented emergency workers getting to the worst affected⁶ areas. Doctors in Lahore say many of those confirmed dead are women and children. This was the second attack in the country in a day. Earlier, ten people were killed in the Northwestern city of Peshawar when a suicide bomber⁷ blew himself up outside a courthouse. This latest bloodshed takes the number of those killed to well over 400 in the last two months alone. It seems as Taliban retaliation⁸ for the Pakistani army’s offensive against them in the tribal⁹ areas close to Afghanistan.

Prosecutors¹⁰ in the United States have charged a Pakistan-born American citizen in connection with last year's attacks in the Indian city of Mumbai. The man is alleged¹¹ to have carried out surveillance on potential targets ahead of the attacks, in which more than 160 people died. Electron Neil Smith reports.

David Colman Headley or Daood Gilani, as he was known until three years ago, is accused of aiding and abetting¹² the deadly attacks in Mumbai. Charges include conspiracy¹³ to bomb public places in India and to murder in Maine. A Pakistani national, he acquired American citizenship¹⁴ after his name changed, subsequently traveling to India at least nine times on business visas between 2006 and 2009. Prosecutors believe his persona of the middle-aged¹⁵ American businessman fluent in English was a perfect cover for alleged links to banned Islamist militant¹⁶ groups like Lashkar-e-Toiba.

Reports from Iran say dozens of people have been arrested after violent confrontations¹⁷ between security forces and anti-government demonstrators across the country. Witnesses said there'd been live gunfire in the capital Tehran. The demonstrations¹⁸ were led by Iranian students, angry at the disputed re-elections of President Ahmadinejad. Jon Leyne reports.

From numerous eyewitnesses, it sounds like this was one of the most widespread protests in Iran for months. Students at many universities across Iran staged demonstrations. Police and members of the government’s Basij militia¹⁹ tried to contain the protests within the universities. At the gates of Tehran University and several other universities, there were angry clashes. Tear gas and batons²⁰ were used. Witnesses also spoke²¹ of gunfire in central Tehran. But it's not clear if anyone was shot or the guns were just fired in the air.

A senior British army officer has told the Iraq Inquiry²² in Britain that he urged the government to delay the invasion of Iraq two days before it went ahead. Major General Tim Cross said that in his view post-conflict preparations were not in place. He added that he did not believe the US was solely²³ to blame and that Britain had not taken seriously enough the challenges that would arise after the invasion.

A judge in Chile has charged six people, including four doctors, in connection with the alleged killing in 1982 of the country's former president Eduardo Frei Montalva. The judge said there was now conclusive²⁴ evidence that Mr. Frei, a vocal²⁵ critic of the military leader Augusto Pinochet, had been poisoned in hospital after undergoing routine surgery.

A Western Sahara independence activist²⁶ who stuck at Lanzarote Airport in Spain said she will continue her hunger strike and has refused all medical care. The woman, Aminatou Haidar, has been fasting for three weeks since she was expelled to the Spanish island by Moroccan authorities. They denied her entry to Western Sahara after she refused to classify herself as Moroccan.

美国政府宣布，温室气体正危害着美国人民的健康。该裁决意味着奥巴马总统可以下令减少排放量，而不需要赢得美国参议院的支持。气候变化立法目前正在参议院停滞不前。此举与今天在哥本哈根开幕的气候变化峰会相一致。Mark Mardell在华盛顿报道。

该宣布已经被公众期待了一段时间，但是在奥巴马总统动身前往哥本哈根之前仍然是一个重要的信号。此时此刻，限制碳排放的立法正在参议院搁浅。该立法面临着来自两方面的坚决反对。一部分人认为限制碳排放将造成美国就业岗位的损失，并推高能源价格。还有一些人根本就不接受气候变化是事实或者是人类造成的。即使该立法能够最终通过，也至少到明年春天。而该宣布提高了某种可能性，即如果该立法受到阻碍，奥巴马政府可以施行新的规则。

在哥本哈根气候变化峰会方面，联合国气候变化执行秘书德布尔称，各国必须在减少温室气体排放量方面设立宏伟目标，应对全球变暖。他说，这次会议将创造历史，但是他警告称，这必须是正确的历史。

巴基斯坦第二大城市拉合尔发生两起爆炸事件，造成至少30人死亡。目击者称，爆炸发生在挤满购物者的繁忙的市场内。Aleem Maqbool在伊斯兰堡报道。

爆炸发生几小时过后，大火仍然使急救人员不能进入受爆炸影响最严重的地区。拉合尔市的医生表示，已确认死亡者大部分为妇女和儿童。这是这一天之内巴基斯坦发生的第二起爆炸事件。此前，在巴基斯坦西北部城市白沙瓦，一名自杀式爆炸者在法庭外将自己引爆，造成10人死亡。仅仅在过去的两个月，最近的血腥袭击已经夺走400多人的生命。这似乎是塔利班分子报复巴基斯坦军队对靠近阿富汗的部落地区实施的袭击。

美国检控人员控诉一名巴基斯坦出生的美国公民与去年印度城市孟买发生的袭击事件有关。这名男子被控在袭击前对潜在袭击目标进行了监视。在袭击事件中共有160多人死亡。Electron Neil Smith报道。

David Colman Headley或者Daood Gilani(这是他三年前使用的名字)被指控协助了孟买的致命袭击。控诉包括密谋炸毁印度公共场合以及缅因州的谋杀罪。他是巴基斯坦国籍，在更改名字之后获得了美国公民身份，随后在2006年至2009年间，持商业签证前往印度至少九次。检控官相信，他作为一名英语流利的中年美国商人的身份完美的掩盖了他与被禁止的好战分子例如虔诚军之间的关系。

来自伊朗的报道称，安全力量和反政府示威者之间发生暴力冲突之后，全国各地共有数十人被逮捕。目击者称，首都德黑兰发生交火。示威活动由伊朗学生领导。他们对总统艾哈迈迪-内贾德有争议的再次当选表示愤怒。Jon Leyne报道。

据几名目击者所说，这似乎是几个月内伊朗发生的最大范围的抗议活动。伊朗许多大学的学生发起了示威游行。警方和政府Basij militia试图将抗议活动控制在大学范围内。在德黑兰大学和其他几所大学门口均发生了愤怒的冲突。警方使用了催泪瓦斯和警棍。目击者还表示德黑兰中部有人开枪。但是有人被击中还是只是向天空鸣枪还不清楚。

英国一名高级军官告诉英国伊拉克调查听证小组，在伊拉克战争爆发之前两天，他还敦促政府推迟对伊拉克的入侵活动。Tim Cross上将表示，按照他的观点，战后准备工作还没有到位。他还补充说，他不相信只有美国应该受到谴责，英国也没有严肃对待入侵后将会出现的一系列挑战。

智利法官控告六人与1982年前总统爱德华多·弗雷·蒙塔尔瓦(Eduardo Frei Montalva)被杀事件有关，其中包括四名医生。这名法官称，现在已有切实证据表明皮诺切特的批评者弗雷在进行了常规手术后被毒杀。

在西班牙兰萨罗特进行抗议的一名西撒哈拉独立活动家表示，她将继续进行绝食抗议，并拒绝所有医疗措施。这名女子名叫Aminatou Haidar，自被摩洛哥官方驱逐到这个西班牙岛屿以来已经绝食三周。在拒绝澄清自己的摩洛哥人身份时，她被拒绝入境西撒哈拉。

1 emissions   

排放物( emission的名词复数 )； 散发物（尤指气体）

参考例句：

• Most scientists accept that climate change is linked to carbon emissions. 大多数科学家都相信气候变化与排放的含碳气体有关。
• Dangerous emissions radiate from plutonium. 危险的辐射物从钚放散出来。

2 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。

3 restrictions   

约束( restriction的名词复数 )； 管制； 制约因素； 带限制性的条件（或规则）

参考例句：

• I found the restrictions irksome. 我对那些限制感到很烦。
• a snaggle of restrictions 杂乱无章的种种限制

4 killing   

n.巨额利润；突然赚大钱，发大财

参考例句：

• Investors are set to make a killing from the sell-off.投资者准备清仓以便大赚一笔。
• Last week my brother made a killing on Wall Street.上个周我兄弟在华尔街赚了一大笔。

5 eyewitnesses   

目击者( eyewitness的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The examination of all the eyewitnesses took a week. 对所有证人的质询用了一周的时间。
• Several eyewitnesses testified that they saw the officers hit Miller in the face. 几位目击证人证明他们看见那几个警官打了米勒的脸。

6 affected   

adj.不自然的，假装的

参考例句：

• She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
• His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。

7 bomber   

n.轰炸机，投弹手，投掷炸弹者

参考例句：

• He flew a bomber during the war.他在战时驾驶轰炸机。
• Detectives hunting the London bombers will be keen to interview him.追查伦敦爆炸案凶犯的侦探们急于对他进行讯问。

8 retaliation   

n.报复，反击

参考例句：

• retaliation against UN workers 对联合国工作人员的报复
• He never said a single word in retaliation. 他从未说过一句反击的话。 来自《简明英汉词典》

9 tribal   

adj.部族的，种族的

参考例句：

• He became skilled in several tribal lingoes.他精通几种部族的语言。
• The country was torn apart by fierce tribal hostilities.那个国家被部落间的激烈冲突弄得四分五裂。

10 prosecutors   

检举人( prosecutor的名词复数 )； 告发人； 起诉人； 公诉人

参考例句：

• In some places,public prosecutors are elected rather than appointed. 在有些地方，检察官是经选举而非任命产生的。 来自口语例句
• You've been summoned to the Prosecutors' Office, 2 days later. 你在两天以后被宣到了检察官的办公室。

11 alleged   

a.被指控的，嫌疑的

参考例句：

• It was alleged that he had taken bribes while in office. 他被指称在任时收受贿赂。
• alleged irregularities in the election campaign 被指称竞选运动中的不正当行为

12 abetting   

v.教唆（犯罪）( abet的现在分词 )；煽动；怂恿；支持

参考例句：

• On Earth, unknowingly abetting a criminal doesn't merit this kind of punishment. 在地球上，不知不觉地帮助罪犯并不构成这种惩罚。 来自电影对白
• "By aiding and abetting murder, the Taliban regime is committing murder." 援助和唆使谋杀的塔利班政权与杀人犯同罪。 来自互联网

13 conspiracy   

n.阴谋，密谋，共谋

参考例句：

• The men were found guilty of conspiracy to murder.这些人被裁决犯有阴谋杀人罪。
• He claimed that it was all a conspiracy against him.他声称这一切都是一场针对他的阴谋。

14 citizenship   

n.市民权，公民权，国民的义务(身份)

参考例句：

• He was born in Sweden,but he doesn't have Swedish citizenship.他在瑞典出生，但没有瑞典公民身分。
• Ten years later,she chose to take Australian citizenship.十年后，她选择了澳大利亚国籍。

15 middle-aged   

adj.中年的

参考例句：

• I noticed two middle-aged passengers.我注意到两个中年乘客。
• The new skin balm was welcome by middle-aged women.这种新护肤香膏受到了中年妇女的欢迎。

16 militant   

adj.激进的，好斗的；n.激进分子，斗士

参考例句：

• Some militant leaders want to merge with white radicals.一些好斗的领导人要和白人中的激进派联合。
• He is a militant in the movement.他在那次运动中是个激进人物。

17 confrontations   

n.对抗，对抗的事物( confrontation的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• At times, this potential has escalated into actual confrontations. 有时，这一矛盾升级为实际的对抗。 来自英汉非文学 - 行政法
• These confrontations and uncertainties were bing played out for the first time on a global scale. 所有这一切对抗和不稳定，第一次在全球范围内得到充分的表演。 来自辞典例句

18 demonstrations   

证明( demonstration的名词复数 )； 表明； 表达； 游行示威

参考例句：

• Lectures will be interspersed with practical demonstrations. 讲课中将不时插入实际示范。
• The new military government has banned strikes and demonstrations. 新的军人政府禁止罢工和示威活动。

19 militia   

n.民兵，民兵组织

参考例句：

• First came the PLA men,then the people's militia.人民解放军走在前面，其次是民兵。
• There's a building guarded by the local militia at the corner of the street.街道拐角处有一幢由当地民兵团守卫的大楼。

20 batons   

n.（警察武器）警棍( baton的名词复数 )；（乐队指挥用的）指挥棒；接力棒

参考例句：

• There were many riot policemen with batons. 有许多带警棍的防暴警察。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Chinese police fight? Number one is a person with batons to fight! 满街飘的中国国旗，是一个老华侨在事发时那出来分给大家的，很感动，真的，从来一向多一事不如少一事的中国人今天团结到一起站出来反抗。 来自互联网

21 spoke   

n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说

参考例句：

• They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
• The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。

22 inquiry   

n.打听，询问，调查，查问

参考例句：

• Many parents have been pressing for an inquiry into the problem.许多家长迫切要求调查这个问题。
• The field of inquiry has narrowed down to five persons.调查的范围已经缩小到只剩5个人了。

23 solely   

adv.仅仅，唯一地

参考例句：

• Success should not be measured solely by educational achievement.成功与否不应只用学业成绩来衡量。
• The town depends almost solely on the tourist trade.这座城市几乎完全靠旅游业维持。

24 conclusive   

adj.最后的，结论的；确凿的，消除怀疑的

参考例句：

• They produced some fairly conclusive evidence.他们提供了一些相当确凿的证据。
• Franklin did not believe that the French tests were conclusive.富兰克林不相信这个法国人的实验是结论性的。

25 vocal   

adj.直言不讳的；嗓音的；n.[pl.]声乐节目

参考例句：

• The tongue is a vocal organ.舌头是一个发音器官。
• Public opinion at last became vocal.终于舆论哗然。

26 activist   

n.活动分子，积极分子

参考例句：

• He's been a trade union activist for many years.多年来他一直是工会的积极分子。
• He is a social activist in our factory.他是我厂的社会活动积极分子。