英语 英语 日语 日语 韩语 韩语 法语 法语 德语 德语 西班牙语 西班牙语 意大利语 意大利语 阿拉伯语 阿拉伯语 葡萄牙语 葡萄牙语 越南语 越南语 俄语 俄语 芬兰语 芬兰语 泰语 泰语 泰语 丹麦语 泰语 对外汉语

【英语听和读】声音与体育

时间:2017-04-21 06:53来源:互联网 提供网友:yajing   字体: [ ]
特别声明:本栏目内容均从网络收集或者网友提供,供仅参考试用,我们无法保证内容完整和正确。如果资料损害了您的权益,请与站长联系,我们将及时删除并致以歉意。
    (单词翻译:双击或拖选)
Jackie: Hello, I'm Jackie Dalton. Welcome to Entertainment, which this week
has a sports theme. We're going to be finding out about how noise from
spectators1 at sports events affects players or competitors taking part in a
sport.
Sandy Wilson
It's been well known for many years that noise has a major effect on performance.
Jackie: Sports psychologist Dr Sandy Wilson says noise affects the performance
of sportsmen and women. It 'affects their performance' means it
influences how well they do or don't do when they're taking part in a
sport – their performance. Listen to Sandy again and try to answer this
question: how does noise affect our bodies?
Sandy Wilson
It's been well known for many years that noise has a major effect on performance. Noise
causes an increase in people's arousal level, so that when people do hear noise, their
heart rate increases, they breathe more quickly, they sweat a bit more. And all these
kinds of things have an effect on performance.
Jackie: Sandy says noise affects arousal levels. If your body becomes more
aroused, it is ready for action – as Sandy said, your heart might beat
faster to get the blood around your body faster and you might breathe
more quickly to get more oxygen in. This means your body is more 
Entertainment © bbclearningenglish.com
Page 2 of 4
prepared for the physical challenge of sport. So the sound of a noisy,
cheering crowd can give sportspeople the extra energy to do well. But
what about the noise spectators make when they're angry with their team
because they aren't performing well?
Angry spectators sometimes boo their team. To 'boo' someone is to make
a noise to show you don't like their performance. How does this affect
players? Listen to Sandy to find out.
Sandy Wilson
I think it makes them distracted2 and self-conscious and ultimately3 will have a negative
effect on them, so I think it's counterproductive to boo your own team.
Jackie: Did you get the answer? Sandy says it's counterproductive to boo your
own team. 'Counterproductive' – it achieves the opposite effect to what
you want. It's counterproductive because players get 'distracted', which
means they can't focus on what they're doing and 'self-conscious', which
means worried about what people think of them. All this means they'll
find it more difficult to perform well. Listen again.
Sandy Wilson
I think it makes them distracted and self-conscious and ultimately will have a negative
effect on them, so I think it's counterproductive to boo your own team.
bbclearningenglish.com
Jackie: Sandy says it's not just the players who are affected4 by the noise crowds
make. As you listen to this next clip5, you'll hear the word 'handball'
which is an expression used when a footballer has touched the football
with his or her hand when they weren't meant to. So, let's listen to Sandy 
Entertainment © bbclearningenglish.com
Page 3 of 4
again. Now try to answer this question: apart from the players, who else
might be affected by crowd noise?
Sandy Wilson
I think the noise that comes from the crowd can have a major effect on the referee6. It's
not just the players who are affected, but the referees7 are affected. If you're a referee and
you suddenly hear 40, 000 people shout 'handball!' then it might not be a question of
being intimidated8 by the crowd…it might be that that information can help you make a
decision on what's been happening.
Jackie: Did you get the answer? Sandy says crowds can also influence referees –
the people who make sure the rules of sport are being followed during a
game.
bbclearningenglish.com
Some sports are noisier than others. Gary Sussman is an announcer at
New Jersey's basketball stadium. His job is to build up some excitement
among the players and the fans – 'the fans' - people who have come to
support and encourage a particular team. He says basketball is the sport
where players are most affected by the noise around them. Why is this?
Listen to find out.
Gary Sussman
When you look at all the American sports, whether it be basketball, baseball, football,
hockey… probably basketball - the crowd, the music - has the most effect because the
players are closest to the fans and it just seems that they just get that extra bit of pace,
that extra speed, just that extra motivation from the crowd noise and that's why that
home advantage is so big in basketball. 
Entertainment © bbclearningenglish.com
Page 4 of 4
Jackie: Gary says basketball players are really affected by the noise because they
are so close to the fans. He says the noise gives players an extra bit of
pace – 'pace', which means speed. He says they get more motivation –
they feel more encouraged to do well. Another expression you might
have heard is 'home advantage'. 'Home advantage' – let's break that down.
To play a match 'at home' means to play in your own sports field or
stadium, instead of at your opponent's. When we say a team has 'home
advantage', we mean their chances of doing well are improved because
they are playing in their own town. Let's play that clip again and listen
out for those words: pace, motivation, home advantage.
Gary Sussman
When you look at all the American sports, whether it be basketball, baseball, football,
hockey… probably basketball - the crowd, the music - has the most effect because the
players are closest to the fans and it just seems that they just get that extra bit of pace,
that extra speed, just that extra motivation from the crowd noise and that's why that
home advantage is so big in basketball.
Jackie: So if you're a fan of a particular sports team, make sure you go and
encourage your team the next time they play – it seems your voice can
make a difference! 

点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 spectators f68d48a1c64478cadff5c343371783c3     
n.观众,旁观者( spectator的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • The spectators were wilting visibly in the hot sun. 看得出观众在炎热的阳光下快支撑不住了。
  • The policemen asked the spectators to stand well back. 警察要求旁观者靠后站。 来自《简明英汉词典》
2 distracted puKz3d     
a.注意力分散的,思想不集中的
参考例句:
  • When working, one should concentrate and not allow oneself to be distracted. 工作时要集中精力,不要分心。
  • Noise outside distracted her mind from her studies. 门外的噪音使她心神不宁,无法集中注意力学习。
3 ultimately Rluwh     
adv.最后地,最终地,首要地,基本地
参考例句:
  • It was a demeaning and ultimately frustrating experience.那是一次有失颜面并且令人沮丧至极的经历。
  • Vitamin C deficiency can ultimately lead to scurvy.缺乏维生素C最终能道致坏血病。
4 affected TzUzg0     
adj.不自然的,假装的
参考例句:
  • She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
  • His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。
5 clip dqBza     
n.夹子,别针,弹夹,片断;vt.夹住,修剪
参考例句:
  • May I clip out the report on my performance?我能把报道我的文章剪下来吗?
  • She fastened the papers together with a paper clip.她用曲别针把文件别在一起。
6 referee lAqzU     
n.裁判员.仲裁人,代表人,鉴定人
参考例句:
  • The team was left raging at the referee's decision.队员们对裁判员的裁决感到非常气愤。
  • The referee blew a whistle at the end of the game.裁判在比赛结束时吹响了哨子。
7 referees 7891e30f2b42e2d37914dc1ab29ba489     
n.裁判员( referee的名词复数 );证明人;公断人;(专业性强的文章的)审阅人
参考例句:
  • The fiery player has had numerous run-ins with referees. 这位脾气暴躁的队员曾和裁判员发生过无数次争吵。
  • If you want to appeal, the Court of Referees will decide. 如果你要上诉,可以由仲裁法庭去判决。 来自辞典例句
8 intimidated 69a1f9d1d2d295a87a7e68b3f3fbd7d5     
v.恐吓;威胁adj.害怕的;受到威胁的
参考例句:
  • We try to make sure children don't feel intimidated on their first day at school. 我们努力确保孩子们在上学的第一天不胆怯。
  • The thief intimidated the boy into not telling the police. 这个贼恫吓那男孩使他不敢向警察报告。 来自《简明英汉词典》
本文本内容来源于互联网抓取和网友提交,仅供参考,部分栏目没有内容,如果您有更合适的内容,欢迎点击提交分享给大家。
------分隔线----------------------------
TAG标签:   英语听力  听力教程  英语学习
顶一下
(0)
0%
踩一下
(0)
0%
最新评论 查看所有评论
发表评论 查看所有评论
请自觉遵守互联网相关的政策法规,严禁发布色情、暴力、反动的言论。
评价:
表情:
验证码:
听力搜索
推荐频道
论坛新贴