侏罗纪搏击俱乐部 第93期:牙齿间的博弈

 It would probably quickly weaken and lead to death to anything that got the bite on.

这样能够使被咬的猎物迅速衰弱直到死亡。

The bites on these animals're really very powerful and they not only simply could bite out a big chunk¹ of meat, but they could crash and swallow whole bones.

这种动物的咬合力非常巨大，它们不光能咬下大块的肉，而且能咬碎并吞下整块的骨头。

They were eating some of the big animals the earth had ever seen.

它们捕食一些有史以来最大的动物。

Allosaurus's feeding on sauropods, animals that're multi-times the size of our largest mammals today, the elephant.

异特龙捕食蜥脚类恐龙，蜥脚类恐龙可比如今陆地上最大的哺乳类动物大象还要大好几倍。

And they were bringing these animals down.

而异特龙却能杀死这些庞然大物。

Unlike humans who get two sets of teeth in a life time, Allosaurus was able to grow new ones when old ones were ripped out during a kill.

不像人类一生长两副牙齿，异特龙在捕杀时扯掉旧牙齿后，还能长出新牙。

It's just really amazing to imagine that the power involved in biting into a bone that's big around as medium sized tree trunk and leaving your tooth imbedded in there.

试想下那股能咬进如中等大小树干般粗的骨头并把牙齿嵌在那里的力量，真的很神奇。

And of course once, you know, the tooth is lost, Allosaurus can simply regrow them.

当然，一旦牙齿掉落，异特龙还能重新长出来。

Secondly², Allosaurus had claws, a deadly three-pronged rake that ripped through thick hide and literally³ tore the flesh out of its prey⁴.

第二，异特龙有爪子，一个致命的三齿钉耙，能划开猎物的厚皮并将肉撕扯出来。

The hand claws would have been like a eagle on steroids.

它的前爪就好比是吃了类固醇的老鹰。

They're long, they're curved, they're actually very similar to eagle claws in shape, but backed by huge muscles.

它们又长又弯，确实跟鹰爪的形状非常像，但有巨大的肌肉支持。

Allosaurus, among the meat eating dinosaurs⁵, had the biggest claws of any of the animal.

在食肉恐龙之中，异特龙是爪子最大的一种。

This is the replica⁶ of the claw, and if we look at this, this is the envelope, this is the actual bone that's under the claw.

这是爪子的复制品，如果我们看一看这个，这个是外面的壳，这是爪子下的骨头。

This, you can see, would be much like a bear claw, a couple of carina here, very effective in ripping, puncturing⁷ and grasping its prey.

你能看到，这很像熊爪，这里有一些脊，在撕扯、刺伤和握住猎物方面很有效。

The hands of Allosaurus are really very impressive.

异特龙的前肢让人印象深刻。

When you look at the hand claws, you'll notice they are rounded underneath⁸.

在观察它的前爪时，你会发现它们底下是圆的。

They are not sharp at all, which would tend to indicate that these hand were used for grabbing, puncturing, grabbing and holding on to prey animals, versus⁹ saying animal like Utah Raptor that tended to have a sharp blade on the underneath side of the claw which may have been used to cut and slash¹⁰.

它们一点儿也不锋利，这表明它的前肢可能是用来抓住或抓穿它的猎物的，跟犹他迅猛龙相比迅猛龙的爪子下面更加像刀锋所以可能更常被用于切割。

Allosaurus also relied on speed for catching¹¹ prey, its third adaptation.

异特龙也依靠速度来捕获猎物，它的第三个适应性。

1 chunk   

n.厚片，大块，相当大的部分（数量）

参考例句：

• They had to be careful of floating chunks of ice.他们必须当心大块浮冰。
• The company owns a chunk of farmland near Gatwick Airport.该公司拥有盖特威克机场周边的大片农田。

2 secondly   

adv.第二，其次

参考例句：

• Secondly,use your own head and present your point of view.第二，动脑筋提出自己的见解。
• Secondly it is necessary to define the applied load.其次，需要确定所作用的载荷。

3 literally   

adv.照字面意义，逐字地；确实

参考例句：

• He translated the passage literally.他逐字逐句地翻译这段文字。
• Sometimes she would not sit down till she was literally faint.有时候，她不走到真正要昏厥了，决不肯坐下来。

4 prey   

n.被掠食者，牺牲者，掠食；v.捕食，掠夺，折磨

参考例句：

• Stronger animals prey on weaker ones.弱肉强食。
• The lion was hunting for its prey.狮子在寻找猎物。

5 dinosaurs   

n.恐龙( dinosaur的名词复数 )；守旧落伍的人，过时落后的东西

参考例句：

• The brontosaurus was one of the largest of all dinosaurs. 雷龙是所有恐龙中最大的一种。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Dinosaurs have been extinct for millions of years. 恐龙绝种已有几百万年了。 来自《简明英汉词典》

6 replica   

n.复制品

参考例句：

• The original conservatory has been rebuilt in replica.温室已按原样重建。
• The young artist made a replica of the famous painting.这位年轻的画家临摹了这幅著名的作品。

7 puncturing   

v.在（某物）上穿孔( puncture的现在分词 )；刺穿（某物）；削弱（某人的傲气、信心等）；泄某人的气

参考例句：

• Complement enzymes attack antigens by puncturing the cell membrane. 补体酶通过刺穿细胞膜来攻击抗原。 来自互联网
• Purpose:Re-modifying the method of DSA puncturing arteria cerebri through arteria carotis communis. 目的 ：对经颈总动脉穿刺行脑动脉DSA的方法进行再次改良。 来自互联网

8 underneath   

adj.在...下面，在...底下；adv.在下面

参考例句：

• Working underneath the car is always a messy job.在汽车底下工作是件脏活。
• She wore a coat with a dress underneath.她穿着一件大衣，里面套着一条连衣裙。

9 versus   

prep.以…为对手，对；与…相比之下

参考例句：

• The big match tonight is England versus Spain.今晚的大赛是英格兰对西班牙。
• The most exciting game was Harvard versus Yale.最富紧张刺激的球赛是哈佛队对耶鲁队。

10 slash   

vi.大幅度削减；vt.猛砍，尖锐抨击，大幅减少；n.猛砍，斜线，长切口，衣衩

参考例句：

• The shop plans to slash fur prices after Spring Festival.该店计划在春节之后把皮货降价。
• Don't slash your horse in that cruel way.不要那样残忍地鞭打你的马。

11 catching   

adj.易传染的，有魅力的，迷人的，接住

参考例句：

• There are those who think eczema is catching.有人就是认为湿疹会传染。
• Enthusiasm is very catching.热情非常富有感染力。