GRE Issue写作思路逻辑链条举例

 　　本文重点讲的是Issue的写法，培养辩证思考的逻辑。它问你是否同意一个观点。你需要表明自己的态度：批判性思考，不一定是绝对的对错，要从两个或多个方面来考虑。

　　例题讲解

　　82.Colleges and universities should require their students to spend at least one semester studying in a foreign country.

　　托福考试中不在乎逻辑：用交朋友、新文化+语言学习，再来一个让步就可以。

　　但是从GRE的角度，上面的逻辑就有问题。去国外学习可以交朋友，那么是说在国内学习就交不到朋友吗?出国可以学习语言和文化，那么在国内就学习不到语言和文化吗?还有很多同学喜欢写让步，但这里是有误区的。我认为让步段落是可以写的，但是在论证过程中并没有什么营养，只是凑字数，完成一篇文章而已。

　　你之前以为的让步段落是这样的：

　　提问：你觉得要不要爬珠穆朗玛峰啊?

　　答：要!

　　理由一：锻炼身体(嗯，是的，挺好的。)

　　理由二：可以帮助我更好地交朋友(行吧，也许对你来说只有在户外的时候才能交到一些特别好的驴友。)

　　让步：我承认爬珠穆朗玛峰有很大的风险，可能会因此丧失生命，就算没有丧命，但也可能因此落下病根。(让步)但是对于前面所说的两个好处来说，我觉得爬珠穆朗玛峰依然值得。(谁信啊?)

　　用上面这个思路去写Issue，应该不会拿到太好的分数。说回刚才的题目，我们可以这样写。

　　首先有一个introduction，“我的观点是……”

　　INTRO：

　　It is argued in the statement that … ，有一定的benefits，but not a requirement!

　　Study overseas

　　1.personal development: academically vs professionally: 1. different countries = different cultures = Disparity in education concepts and systems = disparity in academic researches = students with new perspective + innovative¹ know-how² / knowledge; 2 professionally:global citizen = working & researching cooperate with people different cultural background = team work = cultural tolerance³ = immersion⁴ in the country = one good way = one semester in foreign countries.

　　NOT study overseas

　　1.problems = exposed to a new cultural / social environment: cultural tolerance vs cultural shock: on the one hand, culture shock frustrates⁵ students = not focusing too much on the studying but struggling with the cultural issues every day = loss of orientation⁶; on the other hand, exposure to so many new interesting and exotic events, not focusing on studying but going for fun for most of the time, even try drugs / violence and other things they might not think of in homeland.

　　2.University should require??? free will vs obligation = require = ignorance of the personal willingness = might not be interested = waste of time and effort, especially great financial burden for either the university or the students. IF Universities sponsor the oversea studies =students not getting the expected result = waste of limited resources; IF students self finance = expensive + the results not ensured. SO University create the system to ensure the possibility, provide relevant offerings but not set a requirement for the the students = unfair.

　　每个部分都有一个逻辑链条。

1 innovative   

adj.革新的，新颖的，富有革新精神的

参考例句：

• Discover an innovative way of marketing.发现一个创新的营销方式。
• He was one of the most creative and innovative engineers of his generation.他是他那代人当中最富创造性与革新精神的工程师之一。

2 know-how   

n.知识；技术；诀窍

参考例句：

• He hasn't got the know-how to run a farm.他没有经营农场的专业知识。
• I don't have much know-how about engines.发动机方面的技术知识我知之甚少。

3 tolerance   

n.宽容；容忍，忍受；耐药力；公差

参考例句：

• Tolerance is one of his strengths.宽容是他的一个优点。
• Human beings have limited tolerance of noise.人类对噪音的忍耐力有限。

4 immersion   

n.沉浸；专心

参考例句：

• The dirt on the bottom of the bath didn't encourage total immersion.浴缸底有污垢，不宜全身浸泡于其中。
• The wood had become swollen from prolonged immersion.因长时间浸泡，木头发胀了。

5 frustrates   

v.使不成功( frustrate的第三人称单数 )；挫败；使受挫折；令人沮丧

参考例句：

• What frustrates him is that there's too little money to spend on the project. 使他懊恼的是，可用于这个项目的资金太少。
• His trouble is that he frustrates much easily. 他的毛病是很容易泄气。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

6 orientation   

n.方向，目标；熟悉，适应，情况介绍

参考例句：

• Children need some orientation when they go to school.小孩子上学时需要适应。
• The traveller found his orientation with the aid of a good map.旅行者借助一幅好地图得知自己的方向。