电信专业英英词典T-3

　　Transmission Facilities

　　Transmission facilities provide the communication paths that carry user and network control information between nodes in a network. In general, transmission facilities consist of a medium (e.g., free space, the atmosphere, copper² or fiber³ optic cable) and electronic equipment located at points along the medium. This equipment amplifies⁴ (analog systems) or regenerates⁵ (digital systems) signals, provides termination functions at points where transmission facilities connect to switching systems, and may provide the means to combine many separate sets of call information into a single "multiplexed" signal to enhance the transmission efficiency.

　　Transmission Impairments

　　Transmission impairments is the degradation⁶ caused by practical limitations of channels (e.g., signal level loss due to attenuation⁷, echo, various types of signal distortion, etc.), or interference induced from outside the channel (such as power-line hum or interference from heavy electrical machinery).

　　Transmission Medium

　　Transmission medium is any material substance or "free space" (i.e., a vacuum) that can be, or is, used for the propagation of suitable signals, usually in the form of electromagnetic (including light waves), or acoustic⁸ waves, from one point to another; unguided in the case of free space or gaseous⁹ media or guided by a boundary of material substance.

　　Transport Services

　　Transporrt Services are network switching, transmission and related services that support information transfer capabilities¹⁰ between originating and terminating access service facilities.

　　Trunk

　　In a network, a trunk is a communications path connecting two switching systems used to establish end-to-end connections between customers.

　　Twisted Pair

　　Twisted pair is the most common type of transmission medium, consisting of two insulated copper wires twisted together. The twists or lays are varied¹¹ in length to reduce the potential for interference between pairs. In cables greater than 25 pair, the twisted pairs are grouped and bound together in a common cable sheath. See unshielded twisted pair.

　　T-1 - A leased line connection that can carry 1,544,000 bits per second.

　　T-3 - A leased line connection that can carry 44,736,000 bits per second.

　　Tariff¹² - Documents filed by a telephone company with a state public utility commission and the FCC describing its services and the payments to be charged for the services.

　　TCP/IP - See Transmission Control Protocol¹³/Internet Protocol

　　Telecommunications Relay Center Fee/Charge/Surcharge - This state fee helps pay for the relay center that transmits and translates calls for people who are deaf, hard-of-hearing or speech disabled. Mandated¹⁵ nationally by Congress with the passage of the Americans with Disabilities Act, it may also be called “Telecommunication¹⁴ Devices for the Deaf Tax.”

　　Telephone Network - The system of wires, fiber-optic cables, satellites and transmission towers that transmit telephone messages from caller to receiver.

　　Telnet - A program that allows Internet users to login to computers other than their host. Telnet also refers to the act of doing so.

　　Text Format¹ vs. HTML Format - Some Web applications, such as e-mail or Web pages, can either be viewed in Text or HTML formats¹⁶. Text formats generally display only the words (text) in an e-mail or on a Web page and not graphics¹⁷, such as artwork or photos. HTML format allows display of both text and graphics.

　　Toll¹⁸ Call - A call to any location outside the local service area. Otherwise known as a long distance call.

　　Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) - A set of communications protocols¹⁹ or software necessary to access the Internet.

　　Trunk - A communication line between two switching systems. In other words, a telephone line.

　　TTY/TDD - Telephone Typewriter and Telephone Device for the Deaf. A telecommunication device for the hearing impaired²⁰ using teletypewriter principals. The users call a special operator number and third-party translation.

1 format   

n.设计，版式；[计算机]格式，DOS命令:格式化(磁盘)，用于空盘或使用过的磁盘建立新空盘来存储数据；v.使格式化，设计，安排

参考例句：

• Please format this floppy disc.请将这张软盘格式化。
• The format of the figure is very tasteful.该图表的格式很雅致。

2 copper   

n.铜；铜币；铜器；adj.铜(制)的；(紫)铜色的

参考例句：

• The students are asked to prove the purity of copper.要求学生们检验铜的纯度。
• Copper is a good medium for the conduction of heat and electricity.铜是热和电的良导体。

3 fiber   

n.纤维，纤维质

参考例句：

• The basic structural unit of yarn is the fiber.纤维是纱的基本结构单元。
• The material must be free of fiber clumps.这种材料必须无纤维块。

4 amplifies   

放大，扩大( amplify的第三人称单数 )； 增强； 详述

参考例句：

• Gain is the number of times the amplifier amplifies a signal. 增益就是放大器放大信号的倍数。
• Such panicky behaviour amplifies the impact of the Russian export ban. 这样的恐慌行为放大了俄罗斯小麦出口禁令的影响效应。

5 regenerates   

n.新生，再生( regenerate的名词复数 )v.新生，再生( regenerate的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• This activity regenerates some of the ATP lost in proton reduction. 这一反应可以使在质子还原过程中丢失的某些ATP再生。 来自辞典例句
• Level 2-Heals all allied Heroes for 300 HP. Fully Regenerates converted creeps. 二级-治疗地图上所有的友方英雄300点的生命，完全恢复皈依你的单位。 来自互联网

6 degradation   

n.降级；低落；退化；陵削；降解；衰变

参考例句：

• There are serious problems of land degradation in some arid zones.在一些干旱地带存在严重的土地退化问题。
• Gambling is always coupled with degradation.赌博总是与堕落相联系。

7 attenuation   

n.变薄；弄细；稀薄化；减少

参考例句：

• The attenuation distance and transmittance are connected together, they influence each other. 衰减距离attenuation)和能见度(transmittance)是联系在一起的，并相互影响。 来自互联网
• Attenuation of light is in the form of absorption. 光是以吸收的形式衰减。 来自辞典例句

8 acoustic   

adj.听觉的，声音的；(乐器)原声的

参考例句：

• The hall has a fine acoustic.这个大厅的传音效果很好。
• Animals use a whole rang of acoustic, visual,and chemical signals in their systems of communication.动物利用各种各样的听觉、视觉和化学信号来进行交流。

9 gaseous   

adj.气体的，气态的

参考例句：

• Air whether in the gaseous or liquid state is a fluid.空气，无论是气态的或是液态的，都是一种流体。
• Freon exists both in liquid and gaseous states.氟利昂有液态和气态两种形态。

10 capabilities   

n.能力( capability的名词复数 )；可能；容量；[复数]潜在能力

参考例句：

• He was somewhat pompous and had a high opinion of his own capabilities. 他有点自大，自视甚高。 来自辞典例句
• Some programmers use tabs to break complex product capabilities into smaller chunks. 一些程序员认为，标签可以将复杂的功能分为每个窗格一组简单的功能。 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓

11 varied   

adj.多样的，多变化的

参考例句：

• The forms of art are many and varied.艺术的形式是多种多样的。
• The hotel has a varied programme of nightly entertainment.宾馆有各种晚间娱乐活动。

12 tariff   

n.关税，税率；(旅馆、饭店等)价目表，收费表

参考例句：

• There is a very high tariff on jewelry.宝石类的关税率很高。
• The government is going to lower the tariff on importing cars.政府打算降低进口汽车的关税。

13 protocol   

n.议定书，草约，会谈记录，外交礼节

参考例句：

• We must observe the correct protocol.我们必须遵守应有的礼仪。
• The statesmen signed a protocol.那些政治家签了议定书。

14 telecommunication   

n.电信，远距离通信

参考例句：

• Telecommunication is an industry of service.电信业是一个服务型的行业。
• I only care about the telecommunication quality and the charge.我只关心通信质量和资费两个方面。

15 mandated   

adj. 委托统治的

参考例句：

• Mandated desegregation of public schools. 命令解除公立学校中的种族隔离
• Britain was mandated to govern the former colony of German East Africa. 英国受权代管德国在东非的前殖民地。

16 formats   

n.（出版物的）版式( format的名词复数 )；[电视]电视节目的总安排（或计划）

参考例句：

• They are producing books in all kinds of different formats. 他们出版各种不同开本的书籍。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• A true GUI includes standard formats for representing text and graphics. 真正的图形用户界面包括表示文字和图形的标准格式。 来自互联网

17 graphics   

n.制图法，制图学；图形显示

参考例句：

• You've leveraged your graphics experience into the video area.你们把图形设计业务的经验运用到录像业务中去。
• Improved graphics took computer games into a new era.经改进的制图技术将电脑游戏带进了一个新时代。

18 toll   

n.过路(桥)费；损失，伤亡人数；v.敲(钟)

参考例句：

• The hailstone took a heavy toll of the crops in our village last night.昨晚那场冰雹损坏了我们村的庄稼。
• The war took a heavy toll of human life.这次战争夺去了许多人的生命。

19 protocols   

n.礼仪( protocol的名词复数 )；（外交条约的）草案；（数据传递的）协议；科学实验报告（或计划）

参考例句：

• There are also protocols on the testing of nuclear weapons. 也有关于核武器试验的协议。 来自辞典例句
• Hardware components and software design of network transport protocols are separately introduced. 介绍系统硬件组成及网络传输协议的软件设计。 来自互联网

20 impaired   

adj.受损的；出毛病的；有（身体或智力）缺陷的v.损害，削弱( impair的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• Much reading has impaired his vision. 大量读书损害了他的视力。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• His hearing is somewhat impaired. 他的听觉已受到一定程度的损害。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》