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语言学习10个阶段,你到哪儿了?

时间:2015-11-22 12:16来源:互联网 提供网友:mapleleaf   字体: [ ]
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    (单词翻译:双击或拖选)

   当你决定要学习一种新的语言,你得明白,从初学到掌握,这将是一个漫长的过程。有时你会因为语法过于复杂而想将它弃之不顾,有时你又会因为能够用这种语言表达自己的想法而感到欣喜若狂。一般来说,学习一门新的语言,都会经过以下这10个阶段:

  The time has come: you’ve decided1 to learn a new language! Whether it’s your first adventure into this realm or you’re already a veteran in the area of foreign languages, the path to your goal always follows the same steps. So don’t worry if you sometimes want to throw it all away, or when, after finally understanding those confusing rules, you realize that in reality you’ve still got a long way to go. Errare humanum est said our old friends from Rome: (“to err2 is human”), and it happens to everyone. The secret is to keep at it. And it’s exactly this persistence3 that will help you reach that final, longed-for step: triumph.
  1. Enthusiasm
  积极热情
  It always starts like this… Whether you did it for fun or necessity, you probably struck out on this path with good intentions, high motivation and a spectacular fireworks show of new insights. A good start is half the battle!
  开始的时候总是这样的,不管你是出于兴趣还是出于需要,学习新语言的时候你都是满心好奇,充满兴致。不管怎么说,好的开始就已经成功了一半了呀!
  2. Obsession4
  沉迷其中
  Then comes the brief period in which it seems like your entire existence revolves5 around the effort to penetrate6 this new language and culture. I don’t know if that’s ever happened to you, but it’s always that way for me. When I learned French, everything I did had to shimmer7 with Parisian elegance8. It was around this time that my wardrobe filled up with striped shirts and my interest in French authors and directors grew to unprecedented9 heights. Do you find that excessive? Maybe, but I learned French - and that’s what it’s all about!!
  有那么一段时间,你会完全沉溺于新的语言及其所属的文化中。我不知道你是否有这种感觉,但是我经历过。当我开始学习法语后不久,我的生活中到处都充斥着法式优雅,我的衣柜里都是条纹衬衫,我的书架上都是法国作家和导演的作品。你觉得这有些夸张?可能吧,但我要学的不只是法语,还有一切与法语有关的事!
  3. Discomfort10
  略有不安
  在狂热阶段过去之后,才是语言学习的真正开始。在这时,第一道障碍出现了,你开始感到不安,因为你发现你没有办法记住你所学的新知识,你记不住那些单词,更别提那些动词形式了。在这个阶段,你会发现学习的动力开始消失了。
  After the manic phase is over, the time comes for the actual language learning to begin. And it’s exactly at this point that the first setbacks emerge. You’ll first be overcome with a feeling of sheer panic… because nothing you learn seems to stay in your memory. The words seem so different than anything familiar to you and you can’t make any connection between them. Not to mention the many verb forms. It’s at this stage that you’ll feel the temptation to simply disappear and leave it all behind.
  4. Shyness
  羞于开口
  We all know that the key to fast progress when learning a language is practice – preferably with a native speaker. Sounds easy. But putting this knowledge into practice is something totally different. In truth we’re all incurably11 shy, and it’s hard for us to get past ourselves and show our vulnerable sides. The secret is to always ask yourself, “What could happen if I make a mistake?” The answer: nothing terrible!
  我们都知道“熟能生巧”是语言学习的必经之途,尤其是和以该种语言为母语的人交流。但是这并不容易,因为这意味着要想别人展示自己的不足之处。每当这时候,你可以问问自己:“如果我说错了会发生什么?”然后回答:“总不会发生坏事。”
  5. Lack of Understanding
  缺乏理解
  It usually goes something like this: you’ve finally found the courage to jump in the deep end. You’ve rehearsed everything you want to say over and over in your head and even practiced in front of the mirror so you look as cool as possible when you say it. You finally get the opportunity to use your knowledge on the lady at the register, on a passerby12 or on the waiter at the restaurant. You already imagine emerging from your conversation bursting with pride. But what happens instead? After listening to your well-thought-out sentence with a big smile, your conversation partner answers and… you don’t understand a thing!
  好了,你终于鼓气勇气要开口了。你已经在脑海中预演了无数遍你要说的话,也对着镜子练习了好几遍,你觉得已经万无一失了。你找到机会和外国人交流,当你充满自信、面带微笑的说出你想说的话,你却发现······你听不懂对方的回答!
  6. Frustration13
  挫折
  Now comes a truly critical phase. “How can it be?” you ask yourself sadly. “I’ve been learning this language for months and don’t understand a thing when someone speaks to me. I have absolutely no talent for languages. That’s it! I’m done!”
  “怎么会这样!”你满脑子都是这种难过的想法。“我已经学了好几个月了,我却听不懂他们讲的一句话!看来我是没有语言天赋了。够了,我不干了!”
  7. Revelation
  新发现
  And then something magical happens. It happens unexpectedly when you’ve given up all hope: suddenly you understand! Everything seems to be in order and you no longer have thoughts of trying to escape when asking a random14 stranger something on the street. Off you go! It’s all downhill from here!
  然后奇迹发生了。就在你要放弃希望的时候你突然发现:你能听懂了!接下来一切都顺理成章,你不再逃避和外国人交流,在大街上随便找个人说话也没问题。从这里开始,一切都变得容易了!
  8. Excitement
  兴奋
  At this point you’re suddenly sociable15 and your shyness is all but gone. You talk and talk and aren’t afraid of anything. Isn’t it great? Just don’t let go of the reins16 now, because there always lurks17 the danger of…
  这时你就抛开害羞,乐于交际了。你滔滔不绝,无所畏惧,这看起来挺好的,但是千万别就此变成一匹脱缰的野马,因为危机无处不在。
  尴尬
  You feel so safe that no one and nothing can stop you. And it’s exactly at this point that the most embarrassing – but also funniest – things happen. A falsely-used word, one verb in the place of another, a saying that actually doesn’t exist in that language. But have no fear: you learn from your mistakes, and this is how you progress along the way.
  你觉得万无一失,于是你勇往直前,这时往往会发生一些尴尬又有趣的事情——用词不当、乱用熟语······但是不要因此胆怯,吃一堑长一智,你将由此获得进步。
  10. Triumph!
  获得成功!
  It’s done: the new language doesn’t hold any more secrets from you. You understand everything and can speak without difficulty. You can even laugh at the mistakes that just a short time ago were so frustrating19. Great job! As we said earlier, the most important thing is to keep at it!
  这门新的语言对你来说已经不算什么了!你能听懂别人说的话,你也能流利地表达自己的想法,你甚至能对不久前让你沮丧不已的错误一笑置之。太棒了!就像我们之前说的那样,最重要的是坚持不懈!

点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 decided lvqzZd     
adj.决定了的,坚决的;明显的,明确的
参考例句:
  • This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
  • There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。
2 err 2izzk     
vi.犯错误,出差错
参考例句:
  • He did not err by a hair's breadth in his calculation.他的计算结果一丝不差。
  • The arrows err not from their aim.箭无虚发。
3 persistence hSLzh     
n.坚持,持续,存留
参考例句:
  • The persistence of a cough in his daughter puzzled him.他女儿持续的咳嗽把他难住了。
  • He achieved success through dogged persistence.他靠着坚持不懈取得了成功。
4 obsession eIdxt     
n.困扰,无法摆脱的思想(或情感)
参考例句:
  • I was suffering from obsession that my career would be ended.那时的我陷入了我的事业有可能就此终止的困扰当中。
  • She would try to forget her obsession with Christopher.她会努力忘记对克里斯托弗的迷恋。
5 revolves 63fec560e495199631aad0cc33ccb782     
v.(使)旋转( revolve的第三人称单数 );细想
参考例句:
  • The earth revolves both round the sun and on its own axis. 地球既公转又自转。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
  • Thus a wheel revolves on its axle. 于是,轮子在轴上旋转。 来自《简明英汉词典》
6 penetrate juSyv     
v.透(渗)入;刺入,刺穿;洞察,了解
参考例句:
  • Western ideas penetrate slowly through the East.西方观念逐渐传入东方。
  • The sunshine could not penetrate where the trees were thickest.阳光不能透入树木最浓密的地方。
7 shimmer 7T8z7     
v./n.发微光,发闪光;微光
参考例句:
  • The room was dark,but there was a shimmer of moonlight at the window.屋子里很黑,但靠近窗户的地方有点微光。
  • Nor is there anything more virginal than the shimmer of young foliage.没有什么比新叶的微光更纯洁无瑕了。
8 elegance QjPzj     
n.优雅;优美,雅致;精致,巧妙
参考例句:
  • The furnishings in the room imparted an air of elegance.这个房间的家具带给这房间一种优雅的气氛。
  • John has been known for his sartorial elegance.约翰因为衣着讲究而出名。
9 unprecedented 7gSyJ     
adj.无前例的,新奇的
参考例句:
  • The air crash caused an unprecedented number of deaths.这次空难的死亡人数是空前的。
  • A flood of this sort is really unprecedented.这样大的洪水真是十年九不遇。
10 discomfort cuvxN     
n.不舒服,不安,难过,困难,不方便
参考例句:
  • One has to bear a little discomfort while travelling.旅行中总要忍受一点不便。
  • She turned red with discomfort when the teacher spoke.老师讲话时她不好意思地红着脸。
11 incurably d85x2     
ad.治不好地
参考例句:
  • But young people are incurably optimistic and women have a special knack of forgetting their troubles. 可是青年人,永远朝着愉快的事情想,女人们尤其容易忘记那些不痛快。
  • For herself she wanted nothing. For father and myself she was incurably ambitious. 她为她自己并无所求,可为父亲和我,却有着无法遏制的野心。
12 passerby Gm9zQ8     
n.过路人,行人
参考例句:
  • We had our photo taken by a passerby.我们请了一个路人为我们照相。
  • A passerby heard her screams and rushed to her aid.一个过路人听见她的尖叫,便冲过去帮助她。
13 frustration 4hTxj     
n.挫折,失败,失效,落空
参考例句:
  • He had to fight back tears of frustration.他不得不强忍住失意的泪水。
  • He beat his hands on the steering wheel in frustration.他沮丧地用手打了几下方向盘。
14 random HT9xd     
adj.随机的;任意的;n.偶然的(或随便的)行动
参考例句:
  • The list is arranged in a random order.名单排列不分先后。
  • On random inspection the meat was found to be bad.经抽查,发现肉变质了。
15 sociable hw3wu     
adj.好交际的,友好的,合群的
参考例句:
  • Roger is a very sociable person.罗杰是个非常好交际的人。
  • Some children have more sociable personalities than others.有些孩子比其他孩子更善于交际。
16 reins 370afc7786679703b82ccfca58610c98     
感情,激情; 缰( rein的名词复数 ); 控制手段; 掌管; (成人带着幼儿走路以防其走失时用的)保护带
参考例句:
  • She pulled gently on the reins. 她轻轻地拉着缰绳。
  • The government has imposed strict reins on the import of luxury goods. 政府对奢侈品的进口有严格的控制手段。
17 lurks 469cde53259c49b0ab6b04dd03bf0b7a     
n.潜在,潜伏;(lurk的复数形式)vi.潜伏,埋伏(lurk的第三人称单数形式)
参考例句:
  • Behind his cool exterior lurks a reckless and frustrated person. 在冷酷的外表背后,他是一个鲁莽又不得志的人。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Good fortune lies within Bad, Bad fortune lurks within good. 福兮祸所倚,祸兮福所伏。 来自互联网
18 embarrassment fj9z8     
n.尴尬;使人为难的人(事物);障碍;窘迫
参考例句:
  • She could have died away with embarrassment.她窘迫得要死。
  • Coughing at a concert can be a real embarrassment.在音乐会上咳嗽真会使人难堪。
19 frustrating is9z54     
adj.产生挫折的,使人沮丧的,令人泄气的v.使不成功( frustrate的现在分词 );挫败;使受挫折;令人沮丧
参考例句:
  • It's frustrating to have to wait so long. 要等这么长时间,真令人懊恼。
  • It was a demeaning and ultimately frustrating experience. 那是一次有失颜面并且令人沮丧至极的经历。 来自《简明英汉词典》
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