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代词的用法

时间:2016-11-28 23:58来源:互联网 提供网友:mapleleaf   字体: [ ]
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    (单词翻译:双击或拖选)

   It的用法

  1.作人称代词
  John likes playing Pingpong./ He always does it in the afternoon.(指代上下文提到的事物);/It's time we went home. / How far is it from here to your home ? / It is getting warmer and warmer./ It's very quiet at the moment.(可指时间、天气、环境等)
  2.引导词
  A.作形式主语,代替由不定式、动名词或从句表示的真正主语。
  It's important2 for us to learn a second language3./ It's no use talking to him./ It's known4 to all that the earth5 goes round the sun.
  B.作形式宾语,代替由不定式、动名词或从句表示的真正宾语。
  We feel it our duty6 to help others7./ He made8 it clear9 that he would10 leave the city.
  C.强调结构:It is (was11) +被强调部分+that (或who)…
  注意:在强调结构中,如被强调部分为时间状语或地点状语,其后的连接词也绝不能为when 或where,而应用that 。在复习中,一定要注意句式的不同。
  It was in Shanghai that I bought the guitar.(that引起强调句)
  It was Shanghai where I bought the guitar.(where引起定从)
  It was twelve o'clock when we arrived there.(when引起时间状语从句)
  It was at twelve o'clock that we arrived there.(that 引起强调句)
  3. it,one,that 的区别:作为代词,这三个词的对比使用是高考的热点之一。
  —Why don't we take a little break? —Didn't we just have __________?
  A.it B.that C.one D.this
  The Parkers bought a new house but _________will need a lot of work before they can move in.
  A.they B.it C.one D.which
  one 用以指代同类事物中的任一,that 特指性强,指代可数与不可数词,而it指代上文提过的同一事物。
  不定代词
  不定代词种类较多,用法各异,在使用中一定要注意区别。
  1、both,either ,neither12 都表两者范围,在句中作主语、宾语、定语 ,both可用作同位语。both 意为"两者都",either 表"两者中任一个",neither表"两者都不"。
  2、any,none13 ,all 表三者或三者以上范围,any 表任何一个、一些(不可数或复数概念,用于否定句、疑问句或条件从句中);none 表三者或三者以上中的哪一个都不;表示不可数物中的一点儿也没有;all 整个的;所有的(三者或三者以上);所有的(不可数)。
  e1.g.This book is a good seller,so you can buy it at any shop in Beijing./ None of us are/is perfect14./ All of the village was flooded15
  3、no one,nobody,none,nothing:no one,nobody表没有人,nothing 指没有什么事物,none 兼指人和物。none 着眼于数量概念。"特指的人或物一个也没有,一点儿也没有"。
  —How many people are there in the hall ? —None.
  —who wants to go with him ? —No one(Nobody).
  —What can you see in the bottle ?—Nothing.
  —Is there any water in it ?—None.
  4、another,the other,the other+复数名词(或the others),other (或other +复数名词):another 表三者或三者以上范畴中的任一;与数词连用,表"再有";the other 表两者中的另外那个,特指;the other+复数名词(或the others),另外那些,表示其余所有的人或物,用于特指;others (或other+复数名词)另一些,表余下人或物中的另一些,泛指。
  —I don't like this,show me another one.
  If you want to change for a double16 room you'll have to pay_______$15.
  A.another B.other C.more D.Each (A)
  人称、物主、反身、指示代词
  高考重点要求
  1.掌握人称代词、物主代词、疑问代词、反身代词、指示代词的基本用法。2.重点掌握不定代词的指代含义及数的情况,能通过语境准确选取答案。3.掌握it的基本用法。
  一.人称代词
  1)分清主格和宾格形式。
  eg:—I love you more than her,child ./ —You mean more than ___love her or more than she loves____?
  A. you;me B.I;you C.you;you D.I;me
  2)注意约定俗成的用法。
  —Who is it ? —It's me .—I'd like to have a rest .—Me,too.
  3)使用we 和you 泛指一般人
  4)使用she代表国家、船只、月亮、大地等
  China is a great country.She has a long history.
  5)并列主语或宾语中顺序是:you,he(she) and I; we,you and they
  二.物主代词:名词性物主代词――在句中做主语、宾语、表语、补足语,构成双重所有格:a friend of mine 。形容词性物主代词――只能起定语作用。
  三.反身代词
  1) 在句中作宾语、表语和同位语;2)单复数的确定;3)在一些语境中的特殊含义。
  e.g. I'm not quite myself17 today.我今天不大舒服。/ Make yourself18 at home.不要拘礼;请随便吧。 / Don't get nervous,help yourself to what you like.别紧张,喜欢吃什么就吃什么。/ Have you enjoyed yourself today? 你今天玩得愉快吗?
  四.指示代词
  (一)this,that,these those
  1.在句子中作主语、宾语、表语和定语。
  2.this(these)一般指时间和空间上较近的人或物,而that (those)常指时间和空间上较远的人或物。e.g. This is a novel19 and that is a magazine20
  3.this(these)一般指后面要讲到的事物,而that(those)常指前面讲到的事物。e.g. What he told me is this:he wanted to go to Beijing./ He didn't come.That is why he didn't know.
  4.that,those 常用来指代前面提到过的某个名词。e.g. The oil21 output22 in 1998 was higher than that of 1995.( that 代替oil output) / The cars made in Japan are better than those in Germany23
  (二)such24
  such引起倒装句,谓语数取决于后面主语的数:e.g Such is my answer./ Such are our people.
  做定语,注意和so 的区别,尤其是在so …that, such…that 句型中。e.g. I have never seen25 such beautiful flowers.(复数名词前,so 不可) / I have never seen such a great film.(也可为so great a film) / We have such beautiful weather today that we should go out for an outing26.(不可数词前,不可用so) / There are so many people in the hall that it's hard for me to find him.(在数量概念的many,much,little,few 之前,不可用such )

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1 e e1671797c52e15f763380b45e841ec32     
n.英语字母表的第5个字母;C大调音阶中的第三音
参考例句:
  • The "e" in " time" is a silent letter. time中的e不发音。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • You've made a mistake -- you've left out the letter e. 你出了一个错,把字母e 落了。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
2 important wcIzI     
adj.重要的;重大的;严重的
参考例句:
  • It's important to find out what he is doing.弄清他在干什么是重要的。
  • This is a very important problem.这个问题很重要。
3 language G2ExH     
n.语言
参考例句:
  • Is English a hard language to learn?英语是一种难学的语言吗?
  • Language is a wonderful thing.语言是极好的东西。
4 known hpKzdc     
adj.大家知道的;知名的,已知的
参考例句:
  • He is a known artist.他是一个知名的艺术家。
  • He is known both as a painter and as a statesman.他是知名的画家及政治家。
5 earth ar7xL     
n.陆地;大地;地球
参考例句:
  • The earth moves round the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
  • Spring returns to the earth.大地回春。
6 duty drqx1     
n.职责;责任
参考例句:
  • Our duty is helping them.我们的责任就是帮助他们。
  • It is a simple duty.它是一个简单的职责。
7 others mmczaZ     
prep.(pl.)另外的人
参考例句:
  • Learning from others is important.向别人学习很重要。
  • She is always ready to help others.她总是乐于助人。
8 made hAgx2     
v.make的过去式和过去分词
参考例句:
  • They were not made in china.它们不是中国制造的。
  • The monkey made a long arm for the peach.猴子伸臂去摘桃子。
9 clear kq8zg     
vt.清除,扫清;adj.清晰的,明白的;晴朗的;清澈的,明亮的;畅通的,无阻的
参考例句:
  • Clear the snow from the road.清除马路上的积雪。
  • Is that clear to everyone?大家都明白了么?
10 would 8fPwB     
aux.will的过去式;愿,要;常常;大概;将要,会
参考例句:
  • Why would you say that?为什么你会这么说?
  • Would you please help me?你能帮帮我吗?
11 was bglwv     
v.(is,am的过去式)是,在
参考例句:
  • He said he was right.他说他是正确的。
  • He was cold and hungry.他又冷又饿。
12 neither nRTzG     
adj.皆不,两不;int.两者都不;conj.既非,既不
参考例句:
  • I don't know that neither.那个我也不知道。
  • He doesn't smoke neither does he drink.他既不抽烟也不喝酒。
13 none pHjxr     
adv.一点也不;prep.没人,毫无;pron.没有人,没有任何东西
参考例句:
  • Remember that none is perfect.记住没有任何人是完美的。
  • There's almost none left.几乎一个没剩。
14 perfect L3Rz7     
n.完成式;adj.完美的,全然的,理想的,熟练的,正确的,完成式的;vt.使完美,修改
参考例句:
  • She speaks perfect English.她英语说得好极了。
  • The weather is perfect for a picnic.这种天气举行野餐好极了。
15 flooded 503b7048bcef8fe9af2abb0293e41094     
adj.被水淹的v.(使)充斥( flood的过去式和过去分词 );大量涌来;(使)为水淹没;使大受感动
参考例句:
  • We had to make a detour around the flooded fields. 我们只得绕道避开被洪水淹没的田野。
  • The room was flooded with warm and golden sunlight. 房间充满着温暖、金色的阳光。 来自《简明英汉词典》
16 double UsDxO     
n.两倍;adj.两倍的,双重的;v.加倍的,快步走,加倍努力
参考例句:
  • They bought a double bed.他们买了一张双人床。
  • Ten is the double of five.10是5的两倍。
17 myself fFSxG     
pron.我自己
参考例句:
  • Should I do it myself?我应该自己做吗?
  • I woke up to find myself in the hospital.我醒来发现自己在医院里。
18 yourself wf2wS     
pron.你自己
参考例句:
  • I need you to do it yourself.我要你亲自做。
  • Late again,Tom?I hope you can explain yourself.汤姆,又迟到了?我希望你能说明理由。
19 novel o0ayi     
n.小说,长篇故事;adj.新奇的,异常的
参考例句:
  • She spent a peaceful afternoon by the river,reading a novel.她在河边看小说,度过了一个宁静的下午。
  • She finished writing her novel.她完成了她的小说。
20 magazine KAyx1     
n.期刊,杂志
参考例句:
  • How much is this magazine?这本杂志多少钱?
  • I read a magazine in bed.我躺在床上看杂志。
21 oil IIJx5     
n.油,油画颜料;v.涂油,溶化,加油
参考例句:
  • China is rich in oil resources.中国的石油资源丰富。
  • It might need some oil.它大概需要一些油。
22 output NJbxI     
n.产量,输出,输出功率,输出端;vt.输出(信息等)
参考例句:
  • Grain output reached a new high in the three years.谷物产量达到三年中最高水平。
  • The chart showed us the global output of a factory.这张图表展示了一个工厂的总产量。
23 Germany GfmzV     
n.德国
参考例句:
  • Germany and France are European countries.德国和法国是欧洲国家。
  • I was watching the England Germany football match on TV.我在电视里看英德足球赛。
24 such psww9     
adj.如此的,这样的;pron.这样的;adv.如此地
参考例句:
  • He is such a man.他是这样一个人。
  • He spent all his money,he is such a fool.他这样傻,花光了所有的钱。
25 seen ujyzZX     
vbl.(see的过去分词)看见
参考例句:
  • Since I left college, I have not seen him.自从我离开大学以后,就没有见过他了。
  • I hope to have seen the film next week.我希望下星期能看到这部电影。
26 outing jmQz8h     
n.郊游,远足;adj.远足适用的
参考例句:
  • I'll go on an outing with some friends.我与朋友去郊游。
  • Thank you for the wonderful outing.感谢你们组织的郊游。
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