新词：什么是“免费素食主义”？

 　　免费素食主义指的是回收利用被当做废物丢弃的食品和物品的行为。免费素食主义者们尽自己的努力，以一种生活方式的形式进行环境抗议活动。他们的目的是限制对环境的影响，将对传统经济的依赖最小化。

　　Freeganism is a practice and ideology¹ of limited participation² in the conventional economy and minimal³ consumption of resources, particularly through recovering wasted goods like food.

　　免费素食主义是指有限参与传统经济，尽力减少资源消耗的行为和理念，通过重复利用食品等废旧物品来践行。

　　The word "freegan" is a coinage derived⁴ from "free" and "vegan". While vegans might avoid buying animal products as an act of protest against animal exploitation, freegans—at least in theory—avoid buying anything as an act of protest against the food system in general.

　　免费素食主义者(freegan)一词由free(免费)和vegan(严格的素食主义者)两个词组合而成。严格的素食主义者不购买动物产品，以反对对动物的杀害。而免费素食主义者不购买所有物品，以保护整个食物体系，至少在理论上是这样。

　　Studies usually find that most people that participate in practices associated with freeganism, like dumpster diving for food, do so for economic reasons.

　　研究经常发现，大多数参与免费素食主义的人，比如参与垃圾搜寻，经常是出于经济原因而这样做。

1 ideology   

n.意识形态，(政治或社会的)思想意识

参考例句：

• The ideology has great influence in the world.这种思想体系在世界上有很大的影响。
• The ideal is to strike a medium between ideology and inspiration.我的理想是在意识思想和灵感鼓动之间找到一个折衷。

2 participation   

n.参与，参加，分享

参考例句：

• Some of the magic tricks called for audience participation.有些魔术要求有观众的参与。
• The scheme aims to encourage increased participation in sporting activities.这个方案旨在鼓励大众更多地参与体育活动。

3 minimal   

adj.尽可能少的，最小的

参考例句：

• They referred to this kind of art as minimal art.他们把这种艺术叫微型艺术。
• I stayed with friends, so my expenses were minimal.我住在朋友家，所以我的花费很小。

4 derived   

vi.起源；由来；衍生；导出v.得到( derive的过去式和过去分词 )；（从…中）得到获得；源于；（从…中）提取

参考例句：

• Many English words are derived from Latin and Greek. 英语很多词源出于拉丁文和希腊文。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• He derived his enthusiasm for literature from his father. 他对文学的爱好是受他父亲的影响。 来自《简明英汉词典》