中学常用介词用法【3】

五、FROM

1.动词+from

a)动词+ from。from表示“来源、原因、起始”等：come from来自,date from追溯, depart from违背, die from死于, escape from逃出,fall from自…跌落, hang from垂挂, hear from收到来信,learn from向某人学习, return from自某地返回，rise from自…冒出, result from起因于, suffer from忍受。例如：

All the characters in the book are drawn¹ from real life.书中所有的人物都来自于真实的生活。

Any damage resulting from negligence² must be paid for by the borrower. 因疏忽引起的任何损坏都应由借用者负责赔偿。

He has recovered from his surprise. 他好不容易回过神来。

b)动词+ sth./sb. +from + sth./ sb. /a place。from表示“来源、免于”等：borrow from向…借, choose from选自, excuse from免除, keep from阻止做,prevent from不准做, protect from不受…之害, receive from收到,remove from移动；除去, save from保全；拯救, separate from分离开来,stop from阻止。例如：

He was excused from attendance³ at the lecture. 他获准可不去听课。

Stop the child from spoiling the book. 不要让孩子弄坏了书。

2. be +形容词+ from。此时from含义众多：be absent from缺席,be different from与众不同, be far from更不用说, be hidden from躲避,be made from用…制成, be tired from因…而疲倦。例如：

The boy can’t walk and is far from running.那男孩不会走路，更不用说跑了。

3.from…to…。本短语表示从一种状态到另一状态的变化或从…到…：from bad to worse每况愈下，from beginning to end自始至终，from cover to cover从头到尾，from China to Peru到处，from day to day一天一天地，from door to door挨家挨户，from end to end从头至尾，from first to last自始至终，from hand to mouth勉强糊冢琭rom head to foot从头到脚，from mouth to mouth广泛流传，from sun to sun从日出到日落，from start to finish从头开始，from top to toe从头到脚，from time to time不时地，from top to bottom彻底地。

六、IN

1.动词+in

a)动词+ in。in在短语中的含义异常丰富：believe in信任, break in碎成，bring in引起；产生；带来, call in下令收回, fill in填充,get in收获, hand in上缴, involve in涉及, lie in在于, result in导致, share in共享,succeed in成功, take in卷起；订阅, turn in归还当局。例如：

He was so short of money that he had to call in the loans that he had made. 他很缺乏资金，不得不收回所有的款子。

Your failure lies in your laziness. 你失败的原因在于懒惰。

Orders are given to take in sail.已发布收帆的命令。

b)动词+sb./time/money+ in。介词in后接（doing）sth.：help sb. in帮助某人做某事, spare time/money in匀出时间或钱做某事,spend time/money in花时间或钱做某事,waste time/money in浪费时间或钱做某事。例如：

She offered to help him in the housekeeping when I am not here.她提出，我不在家时她可以帮助他料理家务。

2. be +形容词+ in。in表示“在某些方面或穿着”：be active in活跃于,be absorbed in专心致志, be busy in忙碌, be born in出生于,be concerned in牵涉, be clothed in穿着, be disappointed in对…失望,be diligent⁴ in勤于, be experienced in在…有经验, be employed in任职于,be engaged in忙碌, be expert in某方面的专家, be excellent in在…优秀,be interested in对…有兴趣, be lacking in缺乏, be rich in富有,be slow in迟缓, be successful in在某方面成功, be skilled in精于,be strict in严于, be weak in弱于。例如：

She was completely absorbed in her own affairs. 她完全专注于自己的事务。

More than one person has been concerned in this. 不只一人牵涉到这件事。　

3. in +名词。 in表示“处于某种状态或在某些方面”等意思：in advance提前,in all总共，in balance总而言之，in bed卧床，in body亲自，in brief简明扼要，in case万一, in charge主管，in danger有危险, in debt负债, in despair失望,in force大量地；有效，in full全部地, in flower开花,in general一般说来,in itself本身, in love恋爱, in order井然有序, in person亲自,in public公开地, in progress有进展, in practice从实践上看, in rags穿着破衣, in research探索, in return作为报答,in ruins一片废墟,in short总之,in theory从理论上看, in trouble有麻烦, in tears眼泪汪汪,in time及时, in turn按顺序, in vain白白地，in view看得见。

注意下列几个词组中的in为副词：check in到达登记，cut in插嘴，count in包括,draw in时间接近, drop in顺路拜访, give in屈服, pour in源源而来。

1 drawn   

v.拖，拉，拔出；adj.憔悴的，紧张的

参考例句：

• All the characters in the story are drawn from life.故事中的所有人物都取材于生活。
• Her gaze was drawn irresistibly to the scene outside.她的目光禁不住被外面的风景所吸引。

2 negligence   

n.疏忽，玩忽，粗心大意

参考例句：

• They charged him with negligence of duty.他们指责他玩忽职守。
• The traffic accident was allegedly due to negligence.这次车祸据说是由于疏忽造成的。

3 attendance   

n.出席，出席人数，护理，照料

参考例句：

• The attendance of this class never dropped off.这个班的出席人数从未下降。
• The young man danced attendance on his rich aunt.这个年轻人小心侍候他有钱的姑妈。

4 diligent   

adj.勤勉的，勤奋的

参考例句：

• He is the more diligent of the two boys.他是这两个男孩中较用功的一个。
• She is diligent and keeps herself busy all the time.她真勤快，一会儿也不闲着。