【简明语法】11.22 一般现在时代替将来时

时间状语从句，条件句中，从句用一般现在时代替将来时
When, while¹, before, after, till², once, as³ soon as, so long as, by the time, if, in case (that), unless⁴, even⁵ if, whether⁶, the moment, the minute, the day, the year, immediately⁷


　He is going⁸ to visit her aunt the day he arrives in Beijing. 他一到北京，就去看他姨妈。

典型例题
(1）He said⁹ he________me a present unless I_______ in doing the experiment¹⁰.
　A. had¹¹ not given¹²; had not succeeded¹⁴　　B. would¹⁵ not give; succeed¹³
　C. will not give; succeed　　　　　　 D. would not give; will succeed.
　 答案B. 在时间，条件或让步主语从句中一般不用将来时。本题有He said，故为过去式。主句用将来时，故选B. 此处用一般过去式代替了过去将来时。

(2) 表示现在已安排好的未来事项，行程等活动。
　 The museum opens at ten tomorrow.　博物馆明天10点开门。(实际上每天如此。)

1 while   

conj.当…的时候；而；虽然；尽管 n.一会儿

参考例句：

• In a short while,the cat ate up the fish.不久，那只猫便将鱼吃个精光。
• He teaches English in the school all the while.他一直在这所学校里教英语。

2 till   

conj.直到(...为止)；n.(账台中)放钱的抽屉；prep.直到；pron.直到...为止，直到；vt.耕种

参考例句：

• It was not till 11 o'clock that he came back last night.昨晚直到11点他才回来。
• You can come to my house till all hours.你多晚来我家都没关系。

3 as   

conj.按照；如同

参考例句：

• He got work in a hotel as a waiter.他在一家旅馆找到了当服务生的工作。
• In the hotel,the old men were drinking away as usual.在旅馆里，这些老人和往常一样喝个不停。

4 unless   

conj.如果不，除非

参考例句：

• You will fail unless you work hard.如果你不积极工作，就会失败。
• Don't ask me to explain unless you really don't understand.不要叫我解释，除非你真的不懂。

5 even   

adj.平坦的，偶数的，相等的；adv.甚至，恰好，正当

参考例句：

• It was cold yesterday,but it's even colder today. 昨天冷，今天更冷了。
• He's the best teacher even though he has the least experience.尽管他经验最少，但教得最好。

6 whether   

conj.是否…，是不是…；是否…，是不是…

参考例句：

• I cannot say whether it was Saturday or Sunday.我无法肯定那天是星期六还是星期天。
• I don't care whether it rains,I am happy.我才不在乎下不下雨呢，我快活着呢。

7 immediately   

ad.立即地，即刻地；直接地，紧密地

参考例句：

• I'll change it immediately for you.我立刻给您换。
• I immediately become happy again.我立马就变的高兴起来了。

8 going   

n.去，离去，地面(或道路)的状况，工作情况；(复数形式）goings: 行为；adj.进行中的，流行的，现存的

参考例句：

• We're going to listen to a report this afternoon. 今天下午我们要去听报告。
• He hates leaving the office and going on holiday.他不愿离开办公室去度假。

9 said   

v.动词say的过去式、过去分词

参考例句：

• He said to me that he could not come.他对我说他不能来。
• He said to his mother that he would do it by himself.他对他的母亲说他将自己独立做那件事。

10 experiment   

n.实验，试验，尝试；v.实验，尝试

参考例句：

• We decided to begin the experiment in the evening.我们决定晚上开始那个实验。
• Why did he do that experiment once again?为什么他再次做那个实验？

11 had   

vbl.have的过去式和过去分词；conj.有

参考例句：

• I just had a good idea!我有个好主意！
• The boy had a small branch of a tree in his hand.这个男孩手上拿一条小树枝。

12 given   

adj.赠予的，沉溺的，特定的，假设的；vbl.give的过去分词

参考例句：

• This was given me as a birthday gift.这是给我的生日礼物。
• He was given every chance to try the job.他得到一切可能的机会去试做这件事。

13 succeed   

vt.成功，继承，继续；vi.接替，有作为

参考例句：

• It was a good try but it didn't succeed.这是一个很好的尝试，但没有成功。
• If he has no children, who will succeed?如果他没有孩子，谁将继位？

14 succeeded   

v.成功( succeed的过去式和过去分词 )；完成；继承；达到目的

参考例句：

• Demonstrators succeeded in disrupting the meeting. 示威者成功地扰乱了会议。
• He succeeded in propelling the ball across the line. 他成功地把球带过线。

15 would   

aux.will的过去式；愿，要；常常；大概；将要，会

参考例句：

• Why would you say that?为什么你会这么说？
• Would you please help me?你能帮帮我吗？