【简明语法】16.2 非真实条件句

1）时态：可以表示过去，现在和将来的情况。它的基本特点是时态退后。
a.　 同现在事实相反的假设。
句型 ： 条件从句　　　　　主句
　　　　一般过去时　　　should( would¹) +动词原形
　 If they were here, they would help you.

b.　 表示于过去事实相反的假设。
句型： 条件从句　　　　　 主句　　　　　
　　　过去完成时　　　 should(would) have+ 过去分词
　 If she had² worked harder, she would have succeeded⁴.　　
　 The rice would not have been burnt⁵ if you had been more careful.　
　 If my lawyer⁶ had been here last Saturday, he would have prevented⁷ me from going⁸.


　 If he had come yesterday, I should / would have told him about it.
　 含义：He did⁹ not come yesterday, so I did not tell him about it.
　 If he had not been ill and missed many classes, he would have made¹⁰ greater progress¹¹.
　 含义： He was¹² ill and missed many lessons, so he did not make greater progress.　

c.　 表示对将来的假想
　句型：　 条件从句　　　　　　 主句
　　　　 一般过去时　　　　　 should+ 动词原形
　　　　 were+ 不定式　　　　 would + 动词原形
　　　　 should+ 动词原形
　If you succeeded, everything would be all right.
　If you should succeed³, everything would be all right.
　If you were to succeed, everything would be all right.

1 would   

aux.will的过去式；愿，要；常常；大概；将要，会

参考例句：

• Why would you say that?为什么你会这么说？
• Would you please help me?你能帮帮我吗？

2 had   

vbl.have的过去式和过去分词；conj.有

参考例句：

• I just had a good idea!我有个好主意！
• The boy had a small branch of a tree in his hand.这个男孩手上拿一条小树枝。

3 succeed   

vt.成功，继承，继续；vi.接替，有作为

参考例句：

• It was a good try but it didn't succeed.这是一个很好的尝试，但没有成功。
• If he has no children, who will succeed?如果他没有孩子，谁将继位？

4 succeeded   

v.成功( succeed的过去式和过去分词 )；完成；继承；达到目的

参考例句：

• Demonstrators succeeded in disrupting the meeting. 示威者成功地扰乱了会议。
• He succeeded in propelling the ball across the line. 他成功地把球带过线。

5 burnt   

adj.烧坏的；烧伤的；烫伤的；灼伤的v.（使）燃烧( burn的过去式和过去分词 )；使用某物为燃料；烧毁；烧坏

参考例句：

• Your hand looks badly burnt. 你的手似乎烧伤很重。
• I'm feeling burnt-out at work—I need a holiday. 我觉得工作得太累了—我需要休假。

6 lawyer   

n.律师，法学家

参考例句：

• My son is a lawyer.我儿子是律师。
• A lawyer is often called in to write a will.律师常被请来写遗嘱。

7 prevented   

v.预防( prevent的过去式和过去分词 )；阻碍；阻止；[宗教]引领

参考例句：

• Early warnings of rising water levels prevented another major catastrophe. 提前发出的洪水水位上涨警报防止了又一次的重大灾害。
• The rain prevented them from eating outdoors. 雨天使他们无法户外用餐。

8 going   

n.去，离去，地面(或道路)的状况，工作情况；(复数形式）goings: 行为；adj.进行中的，流行的，现存的

参考例句：

• We're going to listen to a report this afternoon. 今天下午我们要去听报告。
• He hates leaving the office and going on holiday.他不愿离开办公室去度假。

9 did   

v.动词do的过去式

参考例句：

• How many goals did you score in the last game?上一场比赛你们进了几个球？
• Why did you choose basketball in the first place?你为何首先选择篮球呢？

10 made   

v.make的过去式和过去分词

参考例句：

• They were not made in china.它们不是中国制造的。
• The monkey made a long arm for the peach.猴子伸臂去摘桃子。

11 progress   

n.进步，发展，前进；v.促进，进步，进行

参考例句：

• Study well and make progress every day.好好学习，天天向上。
• He is very pleased with the progress we are making.他对我们工作的进展很满意。

12 was   

v.(is,am的过去式)是，在

参考例句：

• He said he was right.他说他是正确的。
• He was cold and hungry.他又冷又饿。