【简明语法】17.3 名词性wh-从句

1）由wh-词引导的名词从句叫做名词性wh-从句。Wh-词包括who, whom,. whose, whoever, what, whatever, which, whichever等连接代词和where, when, how, why等连接副词。Wh-从句的语法功能除了和that-从句一样外，还可充当介词宾语、宾语补语和间接宾语等，例如：

主语： How the book will sell depends on its author.　书销售如何取决于作者本人。

直接宾语：In one's own home one can do what one likes.　在自己家里可以随心所欲。

间接宾语：The club will give whoever wins a prize.　
俱乐部将给得胜者设奖。

表语： My question is who will take over president of the Foundation.　我的问题是谁将接任该基金会主席职位。

宾语补足语：She will name him whatever she wants to. 她高兴给他起什么名字就取什么名字。

同位语：　　I have no idea when he will return.　
我不知道他什么时候回来。

形容词宾语：I'm not sure why she refused their invitation.　 我尚不能肯定她为什么拒绝他们的邀请。

介词宾语：　That depends on where we shall go.　
那取决于我们去哪儿。

2）Wh-从句作主语也常用先行词it做形式主语，而将wh-从句置于句末，例如：
　It is not yet decided¹ who will do that job.　
　还没决定谁做这项工作。
　It remains² unknown when they are going to get married.　 他们何时结婚依然不明。

1 decided   

adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的

参考例句：

• This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
• There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。

2 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。