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VOA慢速英语2011--'Green Super Rice' About Two Years Away

时间:2011-03-02 06:23:02

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(单词翻译)

This is the VOA Special English Agriculture Report.
这里是美国之音慢速英语农业报道。
Scientists have worked for twelve years to develop what they call Green Super Rice. They say several varieties should be available to farmers about two years from now in parts of Asia and Africa.
科学家们已经花费了十二年时间来研制他们所谓的绿色超级稻(Green Super Rice)。他们表示,数个品种可能在2年内提供给亚洲和非洲部分地区的农民。
The "green" in Green Super Rice means environmentally friendly. Researchers say it will produce at least as much grain as other rice plants but with fewer inputs1. "Super" means the rice is designed to better resist droughts, floods, salty water, insects and disease.
绿色超级稻中的“绿色”指的是环保。研究人员表示,绿色超级稻产量至少和其他品种相当,但投入却更少。“超级”指的是这种水稻可以更好的抵御干旱、洪水、咸水、虫害和其他疾病。
The developers of Green Super Rice did not use genetic2 engineering. Instead, they mated hundreds of varieties of rice. That way they avoided the costs as well as the problems connected with getting permission to plant genetically3 engineered crops.
绿色超级稻的研究人员并未采用转基因技术,而是对数百种水稻品种进行杂交。这样可以避免种植转基因作物的成本和许可问题。
The project involves the world's largest rice collection, the International Rice Research Institute in the Philippines. It also involves the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. And it includes farmers in eight countries in Asia and eight in Africa.
参与该项目的包括位于菲律宾的全球最大的水稻研究机构“国际水稻研究所”,还包括中国农科院,以及亚洲8国和非洲8国的农民。
Modern rice plants produce two to three times more grain than was possible before the nineteen sixties. But they also require large amounts of water, chemical fertilizers and pesticides4.
现代水稻产量是20世纪60年代以前的水稻产量的两到三倍,但它们也需要更多的水、化肥和农药。
In the sixties, the International Rice Research Institute developed "miracle rice" for Asia. Scientists created high-yielding crops that produced bigger harvests in what became known as the Green Revolution. It prevented widespread hunger.
60年代时,国际水稻研究所为亚洲研制了“神奇稻”。科学家研制出了这种产量更高的高产作物,这后来被称为“绿色革命”。这种高产作物避免了大范围饥荒。
But critics say modern rice plants require too much water and too much use of chemicals that can hurt the environment. And farmers may be too poor to buy chemical fertilizers and pesticides.
但批评人士说,现代水稻需要太多的水和太多会损害环境的化肥。而农民可能太穷无力购买化肥和农药。
Anna McClung heads a rice-breeding center for the United States Agriculture Department. She says combining many different genes5 into one plant without genetic engineering requires a lot of plant breeding. Ms. McClung praises the researchers working on Green Super Rice.
安娜·麦克朗(Anna McClung)是美国农业部水稻育种中心的负责人。她说,在不使用基因技术的情况下,将许多不同的基因组合到同一植株需要进行多次育种。麦克朗赞扬了绿色超级稻的研究人员。
ANNA McCLUNG: "The magnitude of what they are doing is really quite unique and tremendous."
麦克朗:“他们所进行的研究工作独具重要性。”
Another rice researcher, Jan Leach6 at Colorado State University, says scientists can find valuable qualities hidden in the rice genome. A genome contains all of the genetic information about an organism.
另一位来自科罗拉多州立大学的水稻研究人员简·利奇(Jan Leach)表示,科学家们可以在水稻基因组中发现一些极具价值的隐性性状。基因组包含了一种生物所有的基因信息。
JAN LEACH: "Many of the traits are present, but they are not turned on until you get them into the right genetic background, or sometimes in the right environment."
麦克朗:“许多性状是存在的,但是只有在适当的基因背景,或适当的环境下,这些性状才会显现出来。”
Researchers on the Green Super Rice project continue to combine desirable traits into new varieties to help farmers produce more with less.
绿超级稻项目的研究人员仍在继续将一些优良性状结合到新品种上,来帮助农民在投入更少的情况下获得更高的产量。


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1 inputs a8aff967e1649a1c82ea607c881e8091     
n.输入( input的名词复数 );投入;输入端;输入的数据v.把…输入电脑( input的第三人称单数 )
参考例句:
  • Uncheck the inputs checked for optimization in the previous stage. 不测试那些已经测试过的优化了的以前步骤的inputs.(变量参数)。 来自互联网
  • Just in case, save in a file the inputs obtained at the previous stage. 以防万一,保存以前步骤获得的inputs(变量参数值)到一个文件中去。 来自互联网
2 genetic PgIxp     
adj.遗传的,遗传学的
参考例句:
  • It's very difficult to treat genetic diseases.遗传性疾病治疗起来很困难。
  • Each daughter cell can receive a full complement of the genetic information.每个子细胞可以收到遗传信息的一个完全补偿物。
3 genetically Lgixo     
adv.遗传上
参考例句:
  • All the bees in the colony are genetically related. 同一群体的蜜蜂都有亲缘关系。
  • Genetically modified foods have already arrived on American dinner tables. 经基因改造加工过的食物已端上了美国人的餐桌。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 基因与食物
4 pesticides abb0488ed6905584ea91347395a890e8     
n.杀虫剂( pesticide的名词复数 );除害药物
参考例句:
  • vegetables grown without the use of pesticides 未用杀虫剂种植的蔬菜
  • There is a lot of concern over the amount of herbicides and pesticides used in farming. 人们对农业上灭草剂和杀虫剂的用量非常担忧。 来自《简明英汉词典》
5 genes 01914f8eac35d7e14afa065217edd8c0     
n.基因( gene的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • You have good genes from your parents, so you should live a long time. 你从父母那儿获得优良的基因,所以能够活得很长。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Differences will help to reveal the functions of the genes. 它们间的差异将会帮助我们揭开基因多种功能。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 生物技术的世纪
6 leach uxCyN     
v.分离,过滤掉;n.过滤;过滤器
参考例句:
  • Liquid water can leach soluble materials from the interface.液态水能够从界面溶解出可溶性物质。
  • They believe that the humic materials are leached from decaying plant materials.他们认为腐植物料是从腐烂的植物体浸沥而来。

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