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VOA慢速英语2013 Foreigners and Americans Flock to Miami外国人和美国人涌向迈阿密

时间:2013-08-06 13:35:13

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Foreigners and Americans Flock to Miami外国人和美国人涌向迈阿密

Welcome to This Is America from VOA Learning English. I’m Madeline Smith.

And I'm Mario Ritter.

Today we tell the story of the Miami, Florida. The area is very popular with travelers.  The clear skies and sunny days bring people from all over the world. Some visitors return to live in the warm weather and the beautiful semi-tropical environment.

You can find Miami easily on a map of the United States. It is on the southeastern end of the southern state of Florida. Miami is part of Dade County, which contains many other cities and towns. Together, those neighborhoods make up the area known as Greater Miami.

The First Miami Residents

The name “Miami” comes from an Indian word. Many Native Americans lived in the area when the Spanish arrived in 1565. However, the native population decreased because of European diseases and war with the European settlers. The natives who remained lived under Spanish control until 1821, when Spain sold Florida to the United States.

The Seminole Indian tribe strongly opposed American rule. The Seminoles fought three wars with the United States Army. Finally, in about 1858, the Seminoles withdrew to the wet, tropical land of the Everglades, where they refused to surrender.

Three Women Built Miami

In the 1890s, the Miami area had fewer than 500 white American settlers. Over the next century, three women strongly influenced the development of the area. The first was Julia Tuttle. She is known as the Mother of Miami.

Julia Tuttle was a wealthy widow from the north who owned land in Miami.  She believed that Miami could someday be an important link between the United States and South America. So, she offered land to businessman Henry Flagler, who owned what became known as the Florida East Coast Railway system. He extended his railroad to Miami.

The area grew quickly after the railroad arrived in 1896. But, a powerful ocean storm damaged Miami in 1926.  Then, in the 1930s, the Great Depression slowed most new building projects.

The city began growing again after World War II. Miami became a leading center of trade with countries in the Caribbean, Central America and South America. Many people from other parts of the United States moved to Florida permanently1 to enjoy the warm weather. 

Only 50 years after Julia Tuttle made her deal with Henry Flagler, the population of the Greater Miami area had grown to about 500,000 people.

In 1947, the writer Marjorie Stoneman Douglas helped people in Miami understand how development could destroy the Everglades. The Everglades are huge wetlands. They include grasslands2 and a very shallow, slow river. Marjorie Stoneman Douglas’ book, called “River of Grass,” explained how important the Everglades were to the survival of Miami. That same year marked the opening of the Everglades National Park.

The third woman to influence Miami was Barbara Baer Capitman. During the 1970s, she organized a campaign to save Art Deco style buildings in the city of Miami Beach.

Many business people and local officials opposed Barbara Capitman’s efforts. They saw old and damaged buildings, but she saw historic architecture.

She succeeded in having the Art Deco area added to the National Register of Historic Places. Miami Beach is now famous for the more than 800 colorful buildings designed in the Art Deco style.

Miami Today

Today, about two million people live in and around Miami-Dade County. Many adults leave colder climates to retire in its warm weather.

Miami is also home to many immigrants from around the world. About 50 percent of people in the Miami area come from Spanish-speaking countries in Central America and South America. Haitians are the second largest immigrant group. Canadians sometimes call the Miami area Quebec-in-the-Tropics because so many French Canadians retire there. 

MUSIC: Jimmy Buffet3, "Changes in Latitudes4, Changes in Attitudes"

Miami has thousands of manufacturing companies. The port of Miami is a center for international trade and passenger ships. The warm weather has helped the local agriculture industry grow to be one of the largest in the United States.                  

Tourism is another of the city’s most important industries. About ten million people visit Miami every year. There are more visitors from other countries than from the United States. 

Many visitors come to swim in the warm waters of Biscayne Bay or the Atlantic Ocean. Some take boat trips into the Everglades, where they can see many kinds of birds. They might even see alligators5.

 Visitors to the Miami area can enjoy many kinds of sporting events. They can also choose from among many music, theater and dance performances.   

Cuban-Americans MakeTheir Mark                      

The music of Cuban-American rapper Armando Perez represents some of the culture of Miami. He uses a stage name of Pit Bull when he performs. He is also called Mr. Worldwide.

Here he performs “Feel This Moment” with singer Christina Aguilera. The song is from his album “Global Warming.”      

Most Cubans in the Miami area came to the United States in the 1960s and 1970s. They came after Fidel Castro ousted6 Cuban leader Fulgencio Batista in 1959.  

Cuban-Americans play an important part in Miami politics. Miami-born Marco Rubio represents Florida in the United States Senate. Joe Garcia represents part of Miami in the House of Representatives. Like Senator Rubio, Congressman7 Garcia’s parents came from Cuba. Congresswoman Ileana Ros-Lehtinen was born in Cuba. She also represents part of the Miami area in Congress.

Some Cuban-Americans live in a Miami neighborhood called Little Havana. Visitors to the main street, called Calle Ocho, or Eighth Street, leave with the smell of strong Cuban coffee and businesses where people roll tobacco into cigars.

Visitors can eat traditional Cuban food at restaurants like Versailles. This unofficial Cuban community center has been included in books and films about life in Miami.                                                  

That was “Conga” sung by Gloria Estefan, another Cuban-American.

Many Haitians Also Call Miami Home

Miami is home to many people from other Caribbean countries. More than 100,000 Haitians live in the Greater Miami area.   

One neighborhood is known as Little Haiti. The walls of some of the buildings there are painted with huge murals. The pictures tell the history of the Haitian people.

A restaurant called Tap Tap in Miami Beach is known for its Haitian food and for performances by the singer and Haitian activist8 Manno Charlemagne.

Like many people in Miami, he fled repression9 in his country. Later, he returned to Haiti and served as the mayor of Port Au Prince. Here he sings in Haitian Creole.

Wheelchair Thieves and Other Miami Characters

The reporter and fiction writer Carl Hiaasen writes for the Miami Herald10 newspaper. Local people tell their friends from other places to read his books to understand Miami. The writer says he gets all of his ideas from south Florida newspapers.

CBS News correspondent Steve Kroft spoke11 to Mr. Hiaasen for the television news show “60 Minutes.” The reporter asked about some of the people who appear in Mr. Hiassen’s novels.

STEVE KROFT: Are these stories true or inventions of your imagination? Professional wheelchair thief?

CARL HIAASEN: True.

STEVE KROFT: School board candidate whose legal residence turned out to be a tool shed?

CARL HIAASEN: True.

STEVE KROFT: South Florida mayor who tried to hire City Hall workers to kill her husband?

CARL HIAASEN: Yep. Yep. I believe she’s gotten a new trial since then. But there was testimony12 that she solicited13 for a hit man in City Hall.

STEVE KROFT: All those are true?

CARL HIAASEN: I wish I had made them up. I wish I had made them up.

Writer Carl Hiaasen says the true stories of Miami are much wilder than those he could invent. 

This program was written by Jerilyn Watson and Onka Dekker. I'm Madeline Smith.

And I'm Mario Ritter.  Join us again next week for another report about life in the United States on the VOA Learning English program This Is America.       


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点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 permanently KluzuU     
adv.永恒地,永久地,固定不变地
参考例句:
  • The accident left him permanently scarred.那次事故给他留下了永久的伤疤。
  • The ship is now permanently moored on the Thames in London.该船现在永久地停泊在伦敦泰晤士河边。
2 grasslands 72179cad53224d2f605476ff67a1d94c     
n.草原,牧场( grassland的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • Songs were heard ringing loud and clear over the grasslands. 草原上扬起清亮激越的歌声。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
  • Grasslands have been broken and planted to wheat. 草原已经开垦出来,种上了小麦。 来自《简明英汉词典》
3 buffet 8sXzg     
n.自助餐;饮食柜台;餐台
参考例句:
  • Are you having a sit-down meal or a buffet at the wedding?你想在婚礼中摆桌宴还是搞自助餐?
  • Could you tell me what specialties you have for the buffet?你能告诉我你们的自助餐有什么特色菜吗?
4 latitudes 90df39afd31b3508eb257043703bc0f3     
纬度
参考例句:
  • Latitudes are the lines that go from east to west. 纬线是从东到西的线。
  • It was the brief Indian Summer of the high latitudes. 这是高纬度地方的那种短暂的晚秋。
5 alligators 0e8c11e4696c96583339d73b3f2d8a10     
n.短吻鳄( alligator的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • Two alligators rest their snouts on the water's surface. 两只鳄鱼的大嘴栖息在水面上。 来自辞典例句
  • In the movement of logs by water the lumber industry was greatly helped by alligators. 木材工业过去在水上运输木料时所十分倚重的就是鳄鱼。 来自辞典例句
6 ousted 1c8f4f95f3bcc86657d7ec7543491ed6     
驱逐( oust的过去式和过去分词 ); 革职; 罢黜; 剥夺
参考例句:
  • He was ousted as chairman. 他的主席职务被革除了。
  • He may be ousted by a military takeover. 他可能在一场军事接管中被赶下台。
7 Congressman TvMzt7     
n.(美)国会议员
参考例句:
  • He related several anecdotes about his first years as a congressman.他讲述自己初任议员那几年的几则轶事。
  • The congressman is meditating a reply to his critics.这位国会议员正在考虑给他的批评者一个答复。
8 activist gyAzO     
n.活动分子,积极分子
参考例句:
  • He's been a trade union activist for many years.多年来他一直是工会的积极分子。
  • He is a social activist in our factory.他是我厂的社会活动积极分子。
9 repression zVyxX     
n.镇压,抑制,抑压
参考例句:
  • The repression of your true feelings is harmful to your health.压抑你的真实感情有害健康。
  • This touched off a new storm against violent repression.这引起了反对暴力镇压的新风暴。
10 herald qdCzd     
vt.预示...的来临,预告,宣布,欢迎
参考例句:
  • In England, the cuckoo is the herald of spring.在英国杜鹃鸟是报春的使者。
  • Dawn is the herald of day.曙光是白昼的先驱。
11 spoke XryyC     
n.(车轮的)辐条;轮辐;破坏某人的计划;阻挠某人的行动 v.讲,谈(speak的过去式);说;演说;从某种观点来说
参考例句:
  • They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
  • The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。
12 testimony zpbwO     
n.证词;见证,证明
参考例句:
  • The testimony given by him is dubious.他所作的证据是可疑的。
  • He was called in to bear testimony to what the police officer said.他被传入为警官所说的话作证。
13 solicited 42165ba3a0defc35cb6bc86d22a9f320     
v.恳求( solicit的过去式和过去分词 );(指娼妇)拉客;索求;征求
参考例句:
  • He's already solicited their support on health care reform. 他已就医疗改革问题请求他们的支持。 来自辞典例句
  • We solicited ideas from Princeton University graduates and under graduates. 我们从普林斯顿大学的毕业生与大学生中征求意见。 来自辞典例句

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