VOA慢速英语2017 人们为什么自拍？

（单词翻译）

Why We Take ‘Selfies’

Why do people take “selfies?”

人们为什么自拍？ 

Researchers at Syracuse University in New York tried to answer that question.They came up with some surprising answers.

美国纽约雪城大学的研究人员试图回答这个问题。他们得出一些令人惊讶的答案。 

People who post selfies and use editing¹ software to make themselves look better show behavior connected to narcissism²,the Syracuse researchers said.

人们发布自拍并使用编辑软件美化照片的行为可能与自恋症有关研究人员称。 

Narcissists are people who think very highly of themselves, especially how they look.

自恋症的人常高估自己，尤其是自己的相貌。 

Ji Won Kim, a doctoral student at the university’s S.I. Newhouse School of Public Communications, worked on the study.She said because social media can be superficial³, it is a good place for people to “work towards satisfying their own vanity⁴.”

美国纽约雪城大学纽豪斯公共传播学院的博士生金志媛从事这项研究。她说社交媒体只是表象，是人们“满足自身虚荣心”的最佳场所。

By superficial, she means social media is mostly used by people to share unimportant⁵ information about their lives --not deeply personal issues.

她说的表象指的是社交媒体主要是人们分享生活中的琐事的地方——并不是深刻探讨个人问题的地方。

There are other reasons, besides narcissism, that people post selfies.

除了自恋，人们发布自拍还有其他原因。 

People who post group selfies show a need for popularity⁶ and a need to belong to a group, the Syracuse University research found.

雪城大学的研究发现，人们发布集体自拍是为了满足自身受欢迎和合群的需要。 

Other findings from the study include:

这项研究还有如下发现： 

There are no major differences on how often men and women post selfies and how often they use editing software.But men who post selfies showed more of a need to be seen as popular than women who posted selfies.

男性和女性上传自拍的频率和修图的频率有很大的不同。但是男性比女性更想要展示自己的受欢迎程度。

The Newhouse School’s Associate Professor Makana Chock worked on the study.She said selfies should not be seen as completely negative.

纽豪斯学院的副教授马卡拉·乔克从事这项研究。她表示自拍不应该看成是件完全消极的事情。 

She said some people feel “peer⁷ pressure” to post selfies.And some follow the popular belief that if there is no picture of an event or experience, it did not really happen.

她说有些人是受到了来自“同伴的压力”而发布自拍。有些人奉行这样一种观念，如果不发图片就代表没有发生这回事。

Chock said posting selfies on social media is not all that different from what people have done for many years.

乔克说在社交媒体上发布自拍和很多年前完全不一样了。 

On trips and special events, our parents and grandparents used cameras instead of phones to take photos.Before social media, people would bring back photos to show friends and family.You had no choice but to look at them.

我们的祖辈和父辈用相机而不是手机来记录旅行和生活中的点点滴滴。社交媒体出现之前，人们会拿出照片向人们展示朋友和家人。你除了看这些照片，什么都做不了。

If you are a nice person, you commented about how nice everyone in the photos looked,especially children and the person showing the photos.That was the old way of “clicking” like.

如果你是个不错的人，你会对这些照片中的人大加赞赏，特别要夸夸照片上的孩子和给你看照片的这个人。这是“点赞”的一种传统方式。

On social media, it is a different experience.People can decide not to look at photos of their friends and family --even if they click “like” or even “love” under the Facebook selfie.

而有了社交媒体，事情就大不一样了。人们可以自己决定要不要看朋友或者家人的照片——即使他们在Facebook上“点了赞”。

Using social media to post photos is pretty new.Facebook did not start until 2004.Instagram started in 2010.

在社交媒体上发布照片是近几年的新事物。Facebook直到2004年才问世。Instagram2010年问世。 

It was not until 2013 that the Oxford⁸ English language dictionary added the term “selfies.”It defined⁹ selfie as “a photograph that one has taken of oneself.”

直到2013年，牛津英语词典才将“自拍”这个词添加到词典上。并为这个词作了解释“人们给自己拍的照片。”

Here is how the Syracuse researchers did their study.

我们看雪城大学是如何进行这项研究的。 

They questioned 260 people, aged¹⁰ 18 to 65, and almost evenly divided between men and women.

他们调查了260人，年龄在18岁到65岁之间，男女数目大致相同。 

To determine narcissism, people were asked if they agreed with personality traits¹² connected to narcissism.For example, people were asked if they agreed with statements such as,“I like to be the center of attention” and “I like having authority over people.”

为了判定自恋症，受访者会回答有关自恋症性格特征的问题。例如是否赞同以下论断“我喜欢成为人们关注的焦点”和“我喜欢控制他人。”

To determine if those in the study had a need to be seen as popular, people were asked if they agreed with these statements:“It’s important that people think I’m popular” and “I often do things just to be popular with people at school.”

为了判定是否想受到欢迎，受访者会回答以下问题：人们认为我受欢迎，这对我来说很重要”和“我在学校经常为得到人们的欢迎而做一些事情。”

Words in This Story

selfie - n. a picture that you take of yourself especially by using the camera on your smartphone

post - v. to add a message or phone to an online site

editing software - n. computer equipment to help you change a person’s appearance in photos

vanity - n. the quality of people who have too much pride in their own appearance, abilities, achievements

peer pressure - n. a feeling that you must do the same things as other people of your age and social group in order to be liked or respected by them

trait¹¹ - n. a quality that makes one person or thing different from another

authority - n. the power to give orders or make decisions