VOA慢速英语2017 前波斯尼亚塞族指挥官米洛舍维奇奇被判种族灭绝罪

（单词翻译）

A United Nations’ Yugoslav war crimes court has ruled against former Bosnian Serb army leader Ratko Mladic.

Mladic was found guilty of genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity for actions during the conflict in the former Yugoslavia during the 1990s.

The court found him guilty on 10 of the 11 charges he faced, including persecution¹, extermination², murder, terror and unlawful attacks on civilians³. He was sentenced to life in prison.

The court said Mladic tried to destroy the Bosnian Muslim population in the town of Srebrenica. And it said that, in Sarajevo, he personally directed a campaign of shelling and sniping meant to spread terror among civilians.

It noted⁴ that Mladic had talked about a desire to create an ethnically⁵ homogenous⁶ Bosnian Serb republic.

Mladic was in the courtroom on Wednesday, but was not present when a judge started reading the court’s findings. He asked to go to the restroom for five minutes, but did not return for 45 minutes. His lawyer said Mladic’s blood pressure was dangerously high. He asked the judge to either stop reading the verdict or go straight to the judgment⁷. When the judge refused, Mladic began shouting until he was removed from the courtroom.

Zeid Ra’ad Al Hussein is the United Nations’ human rights chief. In a statement, he called the court’s ruling a “momentous⁸ victory for justice” and the “epitome⁹ of what international justice is all about.” He also said the “verdict is a warning to the perpetrators of such crimes that they will not escape justice, no matter how powerful they may be nor how long it may take.”

Mladic is the last former military leader to face war crimes charges in the court, which was set up to deal with the crimes that took place during the Bosnian war. The fighting lasted from 1992 until 1995, when the Dayton Peace Accord was signed. The agreement kept Bosnia as one country divided into two parts: the Serb Republic and the Bosnia-Croat Federation¹⁰.

Mladic was charged with leading sniper campaigns in Sarajevo and with the 1995 killings¹¹ of more than 8,000 Muslim men and boys in Srebrenica.

In 1995, at the end of the war, Mladic lived in Serbia, protected by family members and members of security forces. Many Serbs consider him to be a war hero. He was able to avoid arrest for almost 16 years. He was arrested at the home of a family member in rural northern Serbia in 2011. He has been in jail for more than five years.

Radovan Karadzic was the political leader of the Bosnian Serbs. In March, 2016 he was found guilty of war crimes and sentenced to 40 years in prison.

联合国南斯拉夫战争罪行特别法庭星期三裁决，前波斯尼亚塞族陆军领导人米洛舍维奇，在1990年代前南斯拉夫内战期间，犯有种族灭绝、战争罪，以及反人类罪。

这家法庭认定了米洛舍维奇所面临11项指控中的10项，其中包括迫害、灭绝、谋杀、递解、恐怖以及非法袭击平民等。米洛舍维奇被判终身监禁。

法官奥里尔宣读判决书时说：“所犯罪行对人类均属最残害之列，其中包括种族灭绝、毁灭这样的反人类罪。”

这家法庭还说，米洛舍维奇打算摧毁斯雷布雷尼察的波斯尼亚穆斯林人口，并且在塞拉耶佛亲自指挥了炮击和狙击战役，意在平民中散布恐怖，强化谋杀。

米洛舍维奇出庭，但是奥里尔宣读裁决时没有在场。星期三的庭审过程中，米洛舍维奇中途请求上厕所，后被准许五分钟，但是如厕时间延长到45分钟。法庭程序恢复时，他的律师说，米洛舍维奇的血压高得很危险，请求法官要么停止宣读判决，要么省略后直接宣布判决。

有“波士尼亚屠夫”之称的米洛舍维奇是在法庭面临战争罪指控的最后一名前军事领导人，这家法院是处理1992年至1995年肆虐的波黑战争遗留问题而设立的。

2012年以来一直受审的米洛舍维奇，被控种族灭绝、战争罪、反人类罪等11项罪名。他涉嫌领导了塞拉耶佛的狙击手战役，以及1995年在斯雷布雷尼察屠杀八千多穆斯林和男童，那是二战以来欧洲最严重的一次大屠杀。

Words in This Story

persecute¹² – v. to treat (someone) cruelly or unfairly especially because of race or religious or political beliefs

exterminate¹³ – v. to destroy or kill (a group of animals, people, etc.) completely

snipe – v. to shoot at someone from a hidden place

homogenous – adj. made up of the same kind of people or things

momentous – adj. very important; having great or lasting¹⁴ importance

epitome – n. a perfect example; an example that represents or expresses something very well

perpetrate – v. to do (something that is illegal or wrong)