VOA慢速英语2019--Over and Above

（单词翻译）

 

Hi, everyone!

I hope you like prepositions¹ because I am going to talk about them again today.

The question today comes from our reader Francesca in Rome, Italy. Here it is:

Question:

Hello, thank you VOA. I have a problem using over and above. You will certainly help me. - Francesca, Rome

Answer:

Ciao, Francesca. I am happy to help!

The words over and above can act as prepositions or adverbs, depending on how they are used.

For today’s program, I will focus on prepositions. Prepositions are words that show direction, position or time.

Over and above both express that something is in a higher position than something else. And, sometimes, you can use either word.

You can, for instance², say:

The building is over a parking lot (or)

The building is above a parking lot.

They have the same meaning.

But there are times when one word is more suitable than the other.

Motion³, movement

For example, the word over suggests movement. Above does not.

When the upper object moves across the lower object, use over, as in these examples:

A plane just flew over city hall.

We walked over the bridge.

Covering, contact

In addition, over suggests contact between two objects. Above does not.

Use over when the higher object covers or is touching⁴ the lower object, as in these:

Did you wear a raincoat over your clothes?

Please put foil⁵ over the remaining food.

Above is more common when there is no contact between the two objects, as in this:

Many bird species⁶ fly above the clouds.

Numbers and measures

We also use over and above with measurements⁷.

Use over for such measures as height, age, speed and time, as in these:

We have been waiting over an hour for a table.

The game is for children over 10 years of age.

Above is generally used in measures of temperature, as in this:

It went above 90 degrees again yesterday.

And that’s Ask a Teacher.

I’m Alice Bryant.

Words in This Story

certainly – adv. without doubt

adverb – n. a word that is often used to show time, manner, place, or degree

focus – v. to direct your attention or effort at something specific

verb – n. a word that expresses an action, occurrence⁸ or state of being

blanket – n. a covering made of cloth that is used to keep you warm?

fox – n. a small wild animal that is related to dogs