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VOA慢速英语--世界上只有一半的学习者能够参加远程学习

时间:2020-05-02 23:50:16

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Only Half of World's Learners Able to Take Part in Distance Learning

Upali Sedere writes about education and serves as an advisor1 to Sri Lanka's Ministry2 of Education. He notes that online learning is available to children and adults in many areas, but not others.

"One section of the population is enjoying online learning, with virtual classrooms, with all kinds of apps, whereas recently the UNESCO indicated a total of 826 million students are kept out of classrooms - and only 43 percent of this number has access to some form of [online] learning today."

The numbers he gives come from the International Task Force on Teachers, also called The Teachers Task Force. The group is an international alliance of educators and organizations under UNESCO, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.

The divide between the "haves" and "have-nots" is very clear in developing countries, especially those south of the Sahara Desert. There, 89 percent of learners do not have a household computer and 82 percent have no internet connection.

Some learners have mobile phones where they find information and can connect with their teachers and other learners. About 56 million learners live in places without mobile technology. Half of them are in sub-Saharan Africa.

How can young people and adults continue learning in the current coronavirus crisis if they cannot go online?

Audrey Azoulay is UNESCO's Director General. She notes the value of other technology, "including the use of community radio and television broadcasts, and creativity in all ways of learning."

Lack of electricity in Afghanistan

Ahmad Tameem is an online language teacher in Kabul, Afghanistan. He notes that the Afghan National Television is broadcasting educational programs for students who are not able to attend school. They are staying at home to protect themselves and others from the coronavirus.

Since internet access in Afghanistan is costly3, Tameem noted4, few students can spend much time learning online. He heard that some teachers are using phone apps to send study materials to students. He said that he does not believe online learning will continue after the coronavirus pandemic ends because students enjoy the social contacts and friendships they make at school.

Martha Young is Director of Educational Programs at the Professional Development Institute of the American University of Afghanistan in Kabul. She spoke5 with principals of private Afghan high schools where all the subjects are taught in English. She found only one who was sure that every student has a computer at home. Afghanistan's public education system teaches children from kindergarten through high school. These public schools are not attempting online learning.

Young notes that some universities are trying to support online learning programs. But it has become nearly impossible for them to continue because of Taliban attacks on power stations in and around Kabul. Before the attacks, each neighborhood received enough power for only four hours a day. Now electricity is available for even shorter periods.

Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh

James Onyango is an education officer with the U.N. High Commissioner6 for Refugees, or UNHCR, in Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh. He helps educators working in the Rohingya refugee camps at Cox's Bazar.

Onyango says these educators have "developed some guidelines to support caregivers and parents in facilitating some learning in their homes while the facilities remain closed."

He told VOA that the UNHCR acknowledges that parents cannot take the place of teachers for their children.

"We are not trying to convert the households into schools."

Instead, he said, the UN agency's guidance is more about general ideas for what a parent can do.

"For instance, encouraging the parents to try and assist their child to spend between one to two hours per day on education using the workbooks that they have been provided. If they could, identify an adult who is in their household who could work with these children for between one to two hours in a day in the home."

Helping7 children with their workbooks requires an adult who can read.

Onyango said the ability to read, while important, is not always the only way to help children learn.

"In terms of the younger children we are encouraging the parents to tell them stories or play with them just as a way of ensuring that during this period children are meaningfully engaged... It also has a positive effect in terms of further facilitating the desired social distancing."

The teachers who live in the refugee camps help to pass information along to families in their neighborhoods using megaphones. Islamic clergymen have been sharing information in messages broadcast from religious centers. In some areas, large signs are hung where people can see them.

Sri Lanka's public television joins with VOA

Education writer Upali Sedere spoke with VOA about conditions in Sri Lanka.

"The statistical8 department of Sri Lanka has done a household survey that indicates only 24 percent of our homes have got a computer at home. Particularly the digital literacy – somebody is able to use social media, Facebook and things like that – about 78 percent of the youth can use it. But not necessarily computer literacy, ability to do something with the computer, is much lower than that - it's about 43 percent in general."

Even families who have a computer or a mobile device may not be able to use it for online learning. Sedere said the less costly service plans they have do not offer them enough data for learning online.

"The internet access in Sri Lanka is very low. I think about 27 percent of the rural population, 46 percent to 50 percent in the urban societies, you get internet facility at home."

The solution to distance learning for Sri Lanka may be found in existing technology. The country's president, Gotabaya Rajapaksa, has asked educators to use television (TV) more as a teaching tool. Through a deal between the Sri Lankan Ministry of Education and Voice of America, Learning English videos are now shown daily on Channel Eye, one of two national TV broadcasters.

"What is widely available in Sri Lanka is the television and the radio. ... TV is available to over 90 percent of households. Generally a child has the privilege to watch that."

Sedere adds that he thinks the VOA programs will prove useful to Sri Lanka's educators as well as to the general population.

I'm Jill Robbins.

Words in This Story

app – n. a software application for an electronic device

access – n. a way of getting near, at, or to something or someone

mobile – adj. able to move from one place to another

principal – n. the person in charge of a school

kindergarten – n. a school or class for very young children

pandemic – n. an occurrence in which a disease spreads very quickly and affects a large number of people over a wide area or throughout the world

facilitate – v. to make (something) easier; to help cause (something)

literacy – n. the ability to read and write

acknowledge - v. to say that you accept or do not deny the truth or existence of (something)

encourage – v. to make (something) more appealing or more likely to happen

positive – adj. good or useful

megaphone - n. a cone-shaped device used to make your voice louder when you speak through it

statistical – adj. using a number that represents a piece of information

data – n. facts or information used usually to calculate, analyze9, or plan something

rural – adj. of or relating to the country and the people who live there instead of the city


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点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 advisor JKByk     
n.顾问,指导老师,劝告者
参考例句:
  • They employed me as an advisor.他们聘请我当顾问。
  • The professor is engaged as a technical advisor.这位教授被聘请为技术顾问。
2 ministry kD5x2     
n.(政府的)部;牧师
参考例句:
  • They sent a deputation to the ministry to complain.他们派了一个代表团到部里投诉。
  • We probed the Air Ministry statements.我们调查了空军部的记录。
3 costly 7zXxh     
adj.昂贵的,价值高的,豪华的
参考例句:
  • It must be very costly to keep up a house like this.维修这么一幢房子一定很昂贵。
  • This dictionary is very useful,only it is a bit costly.这本词典很有用,左不过贵了些。
4 noted 5n4zXc     
adj.著名的,知名的
参考例句:
  • The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
  • Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。
5 spoke XryyC     
n.(车轮的)辐条;轮辐;破坏某人的计划;阻挠某人的行动 v.讲,谈(speak的过去式);说;演说;从某种观点来说
参考例句:
  • They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
  • The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。
6 commissioner gq3zX     
n.(政府厅、局、处等部门)专员,长官,委员
参考例句:
  • The commissioner has issued a warrant for her arrest.专员发出了对她的逮捕令。
  • He was tapped for police commissioner.他被任命为警务处长。
7 helping 2rGzDc     
n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的,辅助的
参考例句:
  • The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
  • By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。
8 statistical bu3wa     
adj.统计的,统计学的
参考例句:
  • He showed the price fluctuations in a statistical table.他用统计表显示价格的波动。
  • They're making detailed statistical analysis.他们正在做具体的统计分析。
9 analyze RwUzm     
vt.分析,解析 (=analyse)
参考例句:
  • We should analyze the cause and effect of this event.我们应该分析这场事变的因果。
  • The teacher tried to analyze the cause of our failure.老师设法分析我们失败的原因。

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