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VOA慢速英语--如何在雷雨中保持安全

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Staying Safe During a Lightning Storm

From VOA Learning English, this is the Health & Lifestyle Report.

Lightning is one of the most powerful weather forces to hit Earth. These huge bolts of electricity that strike during storms can cause destruction and death. Lightning can heat the air around it to temperatures five times hotter than the surface of the sun.

Lightning is very common. It is estimated that every second, about 100 lightning strikes hit the surface of the Earth. Experts at the website WeatherSTEM did the math and say this adds up to about 8 million strikes per day, and 3 billion hits each year!

In some parts of the world, for example India, summer lightning storms are very common. As the rainy season begins there, storms often cover most of the country's northern area. This is when lightning and thunderstorms happen most.

Lightning can be deadly. It is difficult to keep exact records on how many people die from lightning each year throughout the world. Some experts estimate that about 2,000 people die each year from lightning. Others say the number could be as high as 24,000.

The last week in June, Reuters news agency reported lightning strikes killed more than 100 people in two areas of India.

How to stay safe

Later in this program, we will give you some tips on helping1 a lightning strike victim. But first, experts at the weather.gov website, give tips on staying safe if lightning comes your way.

Outdoor lightning storm

If you are outside, experts say you should take cover, which means finding a safe shelter for protection. During a lightning storm, no place outside is safe. If you hear thunder, lightning is close enough to strike you. Most lightning victims are in open areas or near a tree

When you hear thunder, experts say, immediately try to move to safe shelter. Look for a strong, established building "with plumbing2 and electrical wiring." If lightning strikes this kind of building, the experts say, the plumbing and wiring will conduct the electricity better than the human body.

If such a building is not available, you can also seek shelter inside "an enclosed, metal-topped vehicle" with all the windows shut. You should stay in the safe shelter for at least 30 minutes after the last sounds of thunder are heard.

Nowhere to hide

If you are outside during a lightning storm and there is no safe shelter, these actions may reduce your risk:

Immediately leave high land areas, such as hills or mountains.

Never lie flat on the ground.

Never shelter under a tree sitting in the open.

Immediately get out of any bodies of water and stay away from those areas.

Stay away from objects that can conduct electricity, such as wire fences, tall structures, power lines or windmills.

Indoor lightning storm

If you are indoors during a lightning storm, you could still be in danger. Again, weather.gov provides these tips.

Stay off wired phones, computers and other equipment that can put you in direct contact with electricity.

Avoid any areas with running water.

Remain indoors but stay away from windows and doors.

Do not lie on concrete floors or touch concrete walls.

Aid for a lightning strike

Experts at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention say that helping lightning strike victims can save their lives. It is safe to touch a lightning strike victim. People struck by lightning DO NOT carry a charge.

The CDC says to follow these four steps immediately to help a lightning strike victim:

Call for Help

Call for professional help immediately. It is safe to use a cell phone during a storm.

Get to Safety

Lightning may continue to be a danger. If necessary, move the victim to a safer location. However, do not move victims who are bleeding or appear to have broken bones.

Check the Victim

Lightning often causes a heart attack. Check to see if the victim is breathing and has a heartbeat. Lightning may also cause other injuries such as burns, shock, and sometimes physical damage to the body.

Resuscitate3

If the victim is not breathing, immediately begin mouth-to-mouth resuscitation4. If the victim does not have a pulse, start cardiopulmonary resuscitation, or CPR. Continue this until help arrives. Try to keep the victim warm to prevent hypothermia, or abnormally low body temperature.

And that's the Health & Lifestyle report. I'm Anna Matteo.

Words in This Story

bolt – n. a stroke of lightning

tip – n. a piece of useful or secret information

concrete – n. a hard, strong material that is used for building and made by mixing cement, sand, and broken rocks with water

plumbing – n. a system of pipes that carries water through a building

conduct – v. to have the quality of transmitting light, heat, sound, or electricity

resuscitate – v. to bring (someone who is unconscious, not breathing, or close to death) back to a conscious or active state again

pulse – n. the beat resulting from the regular widening of an artery5 in the body as blood flows through it

cardiopulmonary compression – n. a procedure designed to restore normal breathing after cardiac arrest that includes the clearance6 of air passages to the lungs, mouth-to-mouth method of artificial respiration7, and heart massage8 by the exertion9 of pressure on the chest : cardiopulmonary – adj. of or relating to the heart and lungs


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点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 helping 2rGzDc     
n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的,辅助的
参考例句:
  • The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
  • By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。
2 plumbing klaz0A     
n.水管装置;水暖工的工作;管道工程v.用铅锤测量(plumb的现在分词);探究
参考例句:
  • She spent her life plumbing the mysteries of the human psyche. 她毕生探索人类心灵的奥秘。
  • They're going to have to put in new plumbing. 他们将需要安装新的水管。 来自《简明英汉词典》
3 resuscitate 1D9yy     
v.使复活,使苏醒
参考例句:
  • A policeman and then a paramedic tried to resuscitate her.一名警察和一位护理人员先后试图救活她。
  • As instructed by Rinpoche,we got the doctors to resuscitate him.遵照仁波切的指示,我们找来医生帮他进行急救。
4 resuscitation hWhxC     
n.复活
参考例句:
  • Despite attempts at resuscitation,Mr Lynch died a week later in hospital.虽经全力抢救,但林奇先生一周以后还是在医院去世了。
  • We gave him mouth-to-mouth resuscitation and heart massage.我们对他进行了口对口复苏救治和心脏按摩。
5 artery 5ekyE     
n.干线,要道;动脉
参考例句:
  • We couldn't feel the changes in the blood pressure within the artery.我们无法感觉到动脉血管内血压的变化。
  • The aorta is the largest artery in the body.主动脉是人体中的最大动脉。
6 clearance swFzGa     
n.净空;许可(证);清算;清除,清理
参考例句:
  • There was a clearance of only ten centimetres between the two walls.两堵墙之间只有十厘米的空隙。
  • The ship sailed as soon as it got clearance. 那艘船一办好离港手续立刻启航了。
7 respiration us7yt     
n.呼吸作用;一次呼吸;植物光合作用
参考例句:
  • They tried artificial respiration but it was of no avail.他们试做人工呼吸,可是无效。
  • They made frequent checks on his respiration,pulse and blood.他们经常检查他的呼吸、脉搏和血液。
8 massage 6ouz43     
n.按摩,揉;vt.按摩,揉,美化,奉承,篡改数据
参考例句:
  • He is really quite skilled in doing massage.他的按摩技术确实不错。
  • Massage helps relieve the tension in one's muscles.按摩可使僵硬的肌肉松弛。
9 exertion F7Fyi     
n.尽力,努力
参考例句:
  • We were sweating profusely from the exertion of moving the furniture.我们搬动家具大费气力,累得大汗淋漓。
  • She was hot and breathless from the exertion of cycling uphill.由于用力骑车爬坡,她浑身发热。

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