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VOA慢速英语2020 石油巨头们设定首个联合碳目标

时间:2020-07-22 23:58:52

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Top Oil Companies Set Carbon Target Goals

For the first time, a group of the world's top oil companies have set goals to cut carbon gas emissions1 as a percentage of their total production.

一批全球顶级的石油公司首次设定了削减碳排放占总产量的比例的目标。

Among the businesses agreeing to the effort were Saudi Aramco, China's CNPC and the American company ExxonMobil.

沙特阿美(Saudi Aramco)、中国石油天然气集团公司(CNPC)和美国埃克森美孚(ExxonMobil)等公司同意了这些目标。

The targets are the idea of an industry-led group, called the Oil and Gas Climate Initiative, or OGCI. Its 12 member companies are responsible for over 30 percent of the world's oil and gas production.

这些目标是由一个名为“石油和天然气气候倡议”(OGCI)的行业领导的组织提出的。该组织的12个成员公司占世界石油和天然气产量的30%以上。

The goals are based on what the OGCI members call "upstream carbon intensity3." The target represents a reduction in production of between 36 and 52 million metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent by 2025, the OGCI said in a press release. The organization estimates the reduction would be equal to the carbon dioxide emissions resulting from energy use in 4 to 6 million homes.

这些目标基于OGCI成员公司所称的“上游碳强度”。OGCI在一份新闻稿中表示,这一目标意味着到2025年将减少3600 - 5200万公吨二氧化碳当量。该组织估计,减少的二氧化碳排放量将相当于400万至600万家庭使用能源所产生的二氧化碳排放量。

The intensity targets mean that total carbon emissions can still rise as production increases.

碳排放强度目标意味着,碳排放总量仍可能会随产量的增加而增加。

OGCI's chairman is Bob Dudley, a former chief of the London-based oil and gas company BP. He told Reuters news agency that while the agreement represents an important "milestone," it does not represent the end of efforts to reduce emission2 levels.

OGCI董事长鲍勃·达德利(Bob Dudley)是伦敦石油天然气公司英国石油(BP)的前首席执行官。他对路透社表示,尽管该协议代表着一个重要的“里程碑”,但并不代表减排努力的终点。

"We'll keep calibrating4 as we go forward," Dudley added.

“我们将在前进的过程中不断调整,”达德利补充道。

The agreement came after the OGCI's European members individually announced plans for even deeper cuts. Among the companies setting those targets were BP, Royal Dutch Shell and Total.

该协议是在OGCI的欧洲成员各自宣布进一步削减计划后达成的。制定这些目标的公司包括英国石油(BP)、荷兰皇家壳牌(Royal Dutch Shell)和道达尔公司(Total)。

The OGCI members agreed on a common methodology to measure carbon intensity. Dudley said the targets could be extended in the future to other areas, such as liquefied natural gas and refining operations.

OGCI成员就衡量碳强度的常规方法达成一致。达德利表示,未来这一目标可能会扩展到液化天然气和炼油业务等其他领域。

London-based research group Carbon Tracker dismissed the OGCI's claims that the targets met those of the 2015 Paris agreement to limit global warming.

总部位于伦敦的研究机构“碳追踪”组织(Carbon Tracker)驳斥了OGCI的说法,即这些目标达到了2015年《巴黎协定》中限制全球变暖的目标。

Carbon Tracker's Andrew Grant said in a statement that "Having some targets to reduce carbon pollution is better than none." But he added that the oil and gas industry can never be "aligned5" with the Paris goals when the industry plans include continuous investment in fossil fuel production.

“碳追踪”组织的安德鲁·格兰特(Andrew Grant)在一份声明中表示:“关于一些减少碳污染的目标,有总比没有好。”但他补充说,如果油气行业计划包括对化石燃料生产的持续投资,那么油气行业永远不会与《巴黎协定》中的目标“保持一致”。

The announcement marks a major change for ExxonMobil, the largest oil company in the United States. Exxon has resisted pressure from investors7 to be more open about the environmental effects of its products. The company has yet to report its carbon emissions for 2019.

这一声明标志着美国最大石油公司埃克森美孚公司的重大变化。埃克森美孚顶住了投资者的压力,没有更大程度地披露其产品对环境的影响。该公司尚未公布2019年的碳排放量。

A spokesman for Exxon said it supports the OGCI targets and is "part of the industry's efforts to take practical, meaningful steps to reduce emissions."

埃克森美孚的一位发言人表示,该公司支持OGCI的目标,是“该行业采取切实可行、有意义的步骤来减少碳排放的一部分”。

The goals set by individual companies can differ widely in definition and structure, making comparisons difficult. But the targets of some individual OGCI members are already higher than those set in the new agreement.

各公司设定的目标在定义和结构上可能存在较大差异,因此很难进行比较。但OGCI一些成员的目标已经超出协议中新设定的目标。

OGCI said the group's collective carbon intensity would be reported once a year and the data would be examined by an independent group.

OGCI表示,该组织的集体碳强度将每年进行报告,数据将由一个独立组织进行审查。

I'm Bryan Lynn.

布莱恩·林恩为您播报。

Words in This Story

emission – n. the act of sending gas, heat or light out into the air

equivalent – adj. having the same amount, value, quality etc.

per – prep. used when expressing rates, prices or measurements

calibrate8 – v. to mark units of measurement on an instrument so that it can measure accurately9

refine – v. make a substance pure by removing unwanted material

global warming – n. a gradual increase in world temperatures caused by gases such as carbon dioxide

align6 – v. support a particular group or cause

fossil fuel – n. a fuel, such as coal, oil, or natural gas, that is formed in the earth from dead plants or animals

practical – adj. relating to experience or real situations rather than ideas or imagination

data – n. information, especially facts or numbers, collected to be examined and considered in a decision-making process


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点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 emissions 1a87f8769eb755734e056efecb5e2da9     
排放物( emission的名词复数 ); 散发物(尤指气体)
参考例句:
  • Most scientists accept that climate change is linked to carbon emissions. 大多数科学家都相信气候变化与排放的含碳气体有关。
  • Dangerous emissions radiate from plutonium. 危险的辐射物从钚放散出来。
2 emission vjnz4     
n.发出物,散发物;发出,散发
参考例句:
  • Rigorous measures will be taken to reduce the total pollutant emission.采取严格有力措施,降低污染物排放总量。
  • Finally,the way to effectively control particulate emission is pointed out.最后,指出有效降低颗粒排放的方向。
3 intensity 45Ixd     
n.强烈,剧烈;强度;烈度
参考例句:
  • I didn't realize the intensity of people's feelings on this issue.我没有意识到这一问题能引起群情激奋。
  • The strike is growing in intensity.罢工日益加剧。
4 calibrating d6e305f27560127320d39d1b9d809678     
v.校准( calibrate的现在分词 );使标准化;使合标准;测量(枪的)口径
参考例句:
  • The value of the threshold strain is determined by calibrating the coating. 阈值应变的数值是靠对涂层进行标定测出来的。 来自辞典例句
  • Dewpoint hygrometers provide an absolute measurement of humidity and therefore are essentially self-calibrating. 露点湿度计可提供湿度的绝对量测值,因此它基本上是自动标定的。 来自辞典例句
5 aligned 165f93b99f87c219277d70d866425da6     
adj.对齐的,均衡的
参考例句:
  • Make sure the shelf is aligned with the top of the cupboard.务必使搁架与橱柜顶端对齐。
6 align fKeyZ     
vt.使成一线,结盟,调节;vi.成一线,结盟
参考例句:
  • Align the ruler and the middle of the paper.使尺子与纸张的中部成一条直线。
  • There are signs that the prime minister is aligning himself with the liberals.有迹象表明首相正在与自由党人结盟。
7 investors dffc64354445b947454450e472276b99     
n.投资者,出资者( investor的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • a con man who bilked investors out of millions of dollars 诈取投资者几百万元的骗子
  • a cash bonanza for investors 投资者的赚钱机会
8 calibrate vTvyu     
校准;使合标准;测量(枪的)口径
参考例句:
  • Pesticide levels in food are simply too difficult to calibrate.食品中杀虫剂的含量很难精确测定。
9 accurately oJHyf     
adv.准确地,精确地
参考例句:
  • It is hard to hit the ball accurately.准确地击中球很难。
  • Now scientists can forecast the weather accurately.现在科学家们能准确地预报天气。

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