VOA慢速英语2021 美国最高法院支持学生运动员获取报酬

（单词翻译）

The highest court in America ruled Monday that the college sports organization NCAA cannot limit education-related payments to its student-athletes.

美国最高法院周一裁定，大学体育组织NCAA不能限制向学生运动员支付与教育相关的费用。

The letters NCAA stand for National Collegiate Athletic¹ Association. The organization sets the rules for and oversees² college athletic competition in the United States.

NCAA这些字母是指美国大学体育总会。该组织为美国大学体育比赛制定规则并实施监督。

The NCAA argued that its rules to limit the payments were necessary to support the idea of "amateurism" in college sports. However, in a 9-0 vote, the Supreme³ Court agreed with a group of former student-athletes that the NCAA rules cannot be enforced.

NCAA辩称，限制酬劳的规定对支持大学体育的“业余主义”理念来说是非常必要的。然而，最高法院以9比0的投票支持了一群前学生运动员的意见，即NCAA不能执行这些规定。

Under organization rules, students cannot be paid like professional players to play sports like football or basketball in college. The money given to athletes is limited to the cost of attending their schools.

根据该组织的规定，学生在大学里踢足球或打篮球不能像职业运动员一样获得酬劳。提供给运动员的资金仅限于上学费用。

Last December, the Supreme Court agreed to hear the case brought by a group of former student-athletes. Shawne Alston, a former football player at West Virginia University, leads the group. The student-athletes said the NCAA's rules on education-related costs were unfair. They argued that the rules violate federal antitrust law that is designed to support competition.

去年12月，最高法院同意审理了这起由一群前学生运动员提起的案件。西弗吉尼亚大学的前足球运动员肖恩·阿尔斯通领导了这个群体。这些学生运动员表示，NCAA关于教育相关费用的规定不公平。他们辩称，这些规定违反了旨在支持竞争的联邦反垄断法。

What does the ruling mean?

这项裁决意味着什么？

The Supreme Court's ruling on Monday upheld a lower court ruling barring the NCAA from enforcing their rules. Justice Neil Gorsuch wrote for the court that the NCAA sought  "the normal operation of the antitrust laws." He said permitting colleges and universities to offer increased education-related payments could support improved academic performance. And, the opinion reads, it could provide student-athletes with payment "more consistent with the value they bring to their schools."

美国最高法院周一的裁决维持了一家下级法院的原判，禁止NCAA执行这些规定。尼尔·戈萨奇在为最高法院撰写的判词中写道，NCAA寻求对反垄断法正常运作的豁免权。他说，允许高校提供更多与教育相关的费用有助于提高学业成绩。裁决意见还写道，它可以为学生运动员提供更符合他们给学校所带来价值的报酬。

The ruling does not mean that student-athletes will receive usual earnings⁴ like professional players. It only means that colleges can pay student-athletes for additional educational costs including tutoring expenses, study in foreign countries, or internships.

该裁决并不意味着学生运动员将获得跟职业运动员一样的常规收入。它仅意味着大学可以向学生运动员支付额外的教育费用，包括辅导费用，出国留学或实习。

As a result of the ruling, the NCAA itself cannot bar colleges from raising their offers to basketball and football players with additional education-related costs. Before the court ruled, a lawyer for the former athletes said if the student-athletes won the case, "very many schools" would offer additional payment.

由于这项裁决，NCAA本身不能禁止大学提高向篮球或足球运动员提供额外教育相关费用的报价。在法院作出裁决之前，前运动员一方的律师表示，如果学生运动胜诉，很多学校会提供额外的报酬。

Changes are already happening

改变已经发生

The NCAA had argued that a ruling for the student-athletes could lessen⁵ the difference between college and professional sports. However, changes are already happening with payments for college athletes.

NCAA曾辩称，偏向学生运动员的裁决可能会缩小大学体育和职业体育之间的差距。然而，大学生运动员的报酬已经发生了变化。

In 2019, California became the first state to pass a law permitting college athletes to have agents and to make money from endorsement⁶ deals. The law protects athletes who sign such deals from dismissal by their team. The California law is set to take effect in 2023. Other states, including Alabama, Florida, and Texas, passed similar legislation that will go into effect this year.

2019年，加州成为第一个通过法律允许大学生运动员拥有经纪人并通过代言协议赚钱的州。这项法律保护签署此类协议的运动员不被他们的球队解雇。加州这项法律将于2023年生效。包括阿拉巴马州、佛罗里达州和德克萨斯州在内的其它州通过了将于今年生效的类似立法。

The state laws have forced the NCAA to look at changing its rules to permit college athletes to make money from their "name, image and likeness⁷." The new NCAA rules, to be voted on this year, mean athletes can receive money for things like endorsements⁸ and personal appearances. For top college athletes, these amounts could be much higher than any education-related payments.

这些州法律迫使NCAA考虑改变其规定，以允许大学生运动员通过”姓名、形象和肖像”赚钱。NCAA这项意味着运动员可以通过代言或个人形象赚钱的新规定将于今年进行投票。对于顶级大学运动员来说，这些金额可能会比任何与教育相关的酬劳都更高。

President Joe Biden's administration expressed its support for the athletes. And professional players associations of the National Football League, the National Basketball Association and the Women's National Basketball Association had all urged the court to side with the student-athletes.

拜登政府表达了对运动员的支持。美国橄榄球联盟、美国职业篮球联盟和美国女子职业篮球联盟等职业球员协会也都督促法院支持学生运动员。