VOA慢速英语2021 俄罗斯测试从全球互联网断开

（单词翻译）

Russia disconnected from the worldwide internet during tests in June and July, a Russian news service, RBC, reported on Thursday. The information for the report came from documents from a Russian internet security working group.

俄罗斯新闻机构RBC周四报道称，俄罗斯在6月和7月的测试期间断开了与全球互联网的连接。该报告的信息来自俄罗斯一个互联网安全组的文件。

Russia passed a law in late 2019 that aims to protect the Russian part of the internet from outside threats. The "sovereign¹ internet" law was in answer to what Russia called the "aggressive nature" of the United States' national cyber security policies. The law increased Moscow's control over connections within Russia to the worldwide network and caused concern among free speech activists². They feared the move would strengthen government power over the country's cyberspace³, which is called "Runet" because the country's internet addresses end in "ru."

俄罗斯于2019年底通过了一项法律，旨在保护互联网的俄罗斯部分免受外部威胁。主权互联网法是俄罗斯对具有侵略性的美国国家安全政策的回应。该法律旨在加强莫斯科对俄罗斯境内与全球网络连接的控制，并引发了言论自由活动家的关注。他们担心此举会加强政府对该国网络空间的控制，该网络空间被称为Runet，因为该国的互联网地址以ru结尾。

Four major companies tested

四大公司测试

Held from June 15 to July 15, the tests involved all four of Russia's major telecoms companies. RBC reported that someone in the working group said early results showed they were successful and added, "The purpose of the tests is to determine the ability of the Runet to work in case of external distortions, blocks and other threats."

这次测试于6月15日到7月15日举行，涉及了俄罗斯所有4家主要通信公司。RBC报道称，该工作组中的某人表示，早期结果表明这次测试是成功的，并补充说：“测试的目的是确定俄罗斯互联网在外部异常、阻塞和其它威胁下的工作能力。”

RBC also said the capability⁴ of physically⁵ disconnecting the Russian part of the internet was tested. It was not immediately clear how long the disconnection lasted or whether there were any noticeable breaks in internet traffic. The law says that tests should be carried out every year, but RBC said operations were called off in 2020 due to problems caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.

RBC还表示测试了物理断开俄罗斯部分互联网的能力。目前尚不清楚这次断开持续了多长时间，或者互联网流量是否有任何明显中断。该法律规定每年都应进行测试，但是RBC表示，由于新冠肺炎大流行造成的问题，2020年的测试被取消。

'Ready for anything'

随时应对任何状况

The central government of Russia was aware of the tests, spokesperson Dmitry Peskov said. He said they were timely⁶ and that Russia had to be ready for anything.

俄罗斯发言人德米特里·佩斯科夫表示，俄罗斯中央政府知道这次测试。他说，这次测试非常及时，俄罗斯必须准备随时应对任何状况。

The legislation⁷ also seeks to pass Russian web traffic and data through state-controlled points. It also called for a national Domain⁸ Name System to allow the internet to continue working even if Russia is cut off. A domain name system, or DNS, is like a phone book organizing the internet locations of each website.

这项立法还寻求通过国家控制的节点来传输俄罗斯的网络流量和数据。它还呼吁建立一套国家域名系统，这样即便俄罗斯被切断，互联网也能继续工作。域名系统就像是电话簿，用于管理每家网站的互联网位置。

In June 2019, President Vladimir Putin said the government had to be certain that the Runet could work in a safe and steady way. The goal is to guard against problems caused if networks outside of Russia's control in other countries were turned off or infected with computer viruses.

普京总统在2019年6月表示，政府必须确保俄罗斯互联网能够以安全稳定的方式运行。目标是防范俄罗斯控制之外的其它国家的网络被关闭或是被病毒感染时引发的问题。

State communications agency Roskomnadzor said the tests aim to improve the security of Russia's internet systems and keep them whole. It said Roskomnadzor had used the equipment installed for the test to slow down the speed of social network Twitter since March. That action came after Twitter refused to remove content Moscow says is illegal.

俄罗斯国家信息监控局表示，测试旨在提高俄罗斯互联网的安全性并保持其完整。据说俄罗斯国家信息监控局自3月份以来一直利用为测试安装的设备减慢推特社交网络的速度。这是在推特拒绝删除俄罗斯认为的非法内容之后发生的。