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VOA科学技术2022 科学家获得更多有关气候变化的详细信息

时间:2022-11-07 02:06:57

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(单词翻译)

Scientists Getting More Precise1 Details on Climate Change

Scientists have long been predicting that global warming will increase extreme weather events around the world.

长期以来,科学家一直预测,全球变暖将会增加世界各地的极端天气事件。

Recent examples of such events are floods in Pakistan, extreme heat in Europe and drought2 in China, East Africa, northern Mexico, and the U.S. West.

最近发生的极端天气事件包括巴基斯坦的洪涝灾害、欧洲的极端高温事件以及中国、东非、墨西哥北部和美国西部的干旱。

“With just over one degree of warming since pre-industrial times, we are already seeing more extreme weather patterns,” said Elizabeth Robinson.

伊丽莎白·罗宾逊说:“自前工业化时代以来,气温上升超过一摄氏度,我们已经看到了更多的极端天气模式。”

She is director of the Grantham Research Institute in London.

她是伦敦格兰瑟姆研究所的所长。

Kim Cobb is a climate scientist at Brown University in Rhode Island.

金·科布是位于美国罗德岛州的布朗大学的气候科学家。

She said researchers are now starting to get more exact details about the speed, size, and timing3 of climate changes.

她说,研究人员目前开始获得有关气候变化的速度、规模和时间的更确切的细节。

This includes details about how effects can be very different from region4 to region.

其中包括有关不同地区的影响可能会有很大差异的详细信息。

Scientists usually compare the average global temperature today to estimates5 for the pre-industrial period.

科学家通常会将如今的全球平均气温与前工业化时期的估值进行比较。

That is when the burning of fossil6 fuels first started to increase.

从那时起,化石燃料的燃烧就开始增加。

The average global temperature has increased between 0.9 and 1.2 degrees Celsius7 since 1850, mostly because of human activity.

自1850年以来,全球平均气温上升了0.9至1.2摄氏度,这主要是由人类活动所导致的。

Those numbers come from estimates in the most recent report by the Intergovernmental Panel8 on Climate Change, or IPCC.

这些数字来自政府间气候变化专门委员会最新报告中的估值。

Most of that warming has happened since 1975, at a rate of 0.15 Celsius to 0.2 Celsius per decade.

气温上升主要发生在1975年以后,速度为每十年升温0.15摄氏度到0.2摄氏度。

The average temperature in 2021 was 1.3 degrees higher than the 20th century average.

2021年的平均气温比20世纪的平均气温高1.3度。

But most people are living in places where the temperature has increased more than the global average.

但大多数人生活的地方的气温上升幅度超过了全球平均水平。

That is because more and more people are living in urban areas.

这是因为越来越多的人生活在城市地区。

These areas can trap heat because of the many roads and buildings and because they have fewer trees.

这些地区由于道路和建筑较多,树木较少,因此可能会吸收热量。

Trees help make an area cooler.

树木有助于使一片区域变得更凉爽。

Climate and global temperatures have changed throughout the Earth’s history.

在整个地球历史上,气候和全球温度一直在变化。

But it is the speed of recent changes that worries researchers.

但令研究人员担忧的是最近变化的速度。

Adapting to dangerous weather events is one big way humans can limit damage from climate change.

适应危险的天气事件是人类限制气候变化所造成的破坏的一种重要方式。

Weather-related disaster deaths are generally going down in number globally.

与天气有关的灾害所造成的死亡人数在全球范围内普遍下降。

That is because weather predictions have improved and because people are more prepared, scientists say.

科学家表示,这是因为天气预报能力提高了,而且人们准备得更充分了。

Robinson, the Grantham Research Institute scientist, said, “The extent9 to which people are harmed by an extreme weather event is strongly influenced by government policies.”

格兰瑟姆研究所的科学家罗宾逊说:“极端天气事件对人们的伤害程度很大程度上受到政府政策的影响。”

She added that “there are limits to adaptation.”

她还说,“适应是有限度的。”

I’m Andrew Smith.

安德鲁·史密斯为您播报。


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1 precise tSpz5     
adj.精确的,恰好的,极清楚的
参考例句:
  • At that precise moment, Miss Pulteney came into the office.就在那时,普尔特尼小姐走进了办公室。
  • A scientist must be precise in making tests.科学家做试验必须精确。
2 drought nrxxj     
n.旱灾,干旱,久旱
参考例句:
  • The plants are growing in again,despite the drought.尽管干旱,植物又长出来了。
  • The ground is as hard as stone after the drought.长期干旱后土地硬得就像石头一样。
3 timing rgUzGC     
n.时间安排,时间选择
参考例句:
  • The timing of the meeting is not convenient.会议的时间安排不合适。
  • The timing of our statement is very opportune.我们发表声明选择的时机很恰当。
4 region RUtxZ     
n.地区,地带,区域;范围,幅度
参考例句:
  • The students went to study the geology of that region.学生们去研究那个地区的地质情况。
  • It is unusual to see snow in this region.这个地区难得见到雪。
5 estimates d72749910e71e75279b310239e18f36f     
估计
参考例句:
  • Unofficial estimates put the figure at over two million. 非官方的估计数字为200万以上。
  • We got estimates from three different contractors before accepting the lowest. 我们得到3个承包商的报价后,接受了最低的报价。 来自《简明英汉词典》
6 fossil ZipxA     
n.化石,食古不化的人,老顽固
参考例句:
  • At this distance of time it is difficult to date the fossil.时间隔得这么久了,很难确定这化石的年代。
  • The man is a fossil.那人是个老顽固。
7 Celsius AXRzl     
adj.摄氏温度计的,摄氏的
参考例句:
  • The temperature tonight will fall to seven degrees Celsius.今晚气温将下降到七摄氏度。
  • The maximum temperature in July may be 36 degrees Celsius.七月份最高温度可能达到36摄氏度。
8 panel l4IzD     
n.面,板,专门小组,控制板,仪表盘
参考例句:
  • The unusual control panel on the walls caught our attention.墙上不同寻常的控制板引起了我们的注意。
  • The panel of judges included several well-known writers.评判小组中包括几位知名作家。
9 extent rmVxT     
n.程度,范围,限度;广度,宽度,大小
参考例句:
  • The new race track is nearly six miles in extent. 这条新跑道将近六英里长。
  • What's the extent of the damage? 损坏的程度如何?

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