VOA名师答疑2023 veggie, vegetarian和vegan的的区别

（单词翻译）

Hello!

大家好!

This week on Ask a Teacher, we will answer a question about the difference between three words: “veggie,” “vegetarian¹,” and “vegan.”

本周《名师答疑》，我们回答关于veggie、vegetarian和vegan这三个词之间有什么区别的问题。

Hi, VOA team and happy holidays!

你好，美国之音团队，节日快乐！

I am wondering if you could help me clarify the difference between “vegan,” “vegetarian,” and “veggie.”

我想知道你是否能帮我弄清楚veggie、vegetarian和vegan之间的区别。

When can we use them?

什么时候用这几个词？

Or are they interchangeable?

还是说这几个词可以互换？

Thank you, Noura.

谢谢你，诺拉。

Dear Noura, many of us are thinking about ways to be healthier.

亲爱的诺拉，许多人都在思考如何变得更健康。

This is a great question.

这是一个很好的问题。

Some of the answers might surprise you!

其中一些答案可能会让你大吃一惊！

Let’s start with “veggie.”

我们先看veggie这个词。

In American English, the noun “veggie” is a shortened and informal way to say “vegetable.”

在美式英语中，名词veggie是“蔬菜”的缩写，也是非正式用法。

It is used as a countable² noun.

它被用作可数名词。

To make the noun plural³ we add an “s.”

加上s就成了复数名词。

My guinea pigs love to eat a many kinds of veggies, including lettuce⁴, carrots and broccoli⁵.

我的天竺鼠喜欢吃各种各样的蔬菜，包括生菜、胡萝卜和西兰花。

Veggie can also be used as an adjective meaning “vegetarian.”

veggie也可以用作形容词，意思是“素食的”。

American English speakers often use “veggie” as an adjective to describe vegetarian recipes and dishes rather than describing people as being “veggies.”

说美式英语的人经常用veggie作为形容词，来描述素食食谱和素菜，而不用于形容人。

I love making veggie tortilla chip soup with peppers, corn and tomatoes!

我喜欢用辣椒、玉米和西红柿做素食玉米脆片汤！

We are grilling⁶ up some veggie burgers made with black beans.

我们正在烤一些用黑豆做的素食汉堡。

Now let’s move onto “vegetarian.”

现在我们来说说vegetarian吧。

As a noun, a “vegetarian” is a person who does not eat meat or fish.

这是一个名词，指的是不吃肉或鱼的人。

They usually eat foods made from plants.

他们通常吃植物制成的食物。

There are different kinds of vegetarians⁷.

素食者分很多种。

Some eat eggs, others eat and drink dairy products like cheese and milk.

一些人吃鸡蛋，另一些人吃乳制品，如奶酪和牛奶。

Other people are flexible in their diet.

还有一些人在饮食上很灵活。

For example, they might eat vegetarian food on some days of the week and eat animal products on other days.

例如，他们可能在一周中的某几天吃素食，而在剩下几天吃荤食。

They are called “flexitarians.”

他们被称为“弹性素食者”。

Adaline became a vegetarian in college.

阿达林在大学时成了一名素食主义者。

Mark is an ovo-vegetarian. He does not eat any animal products except for eggs.

马克是个蛋类素食者。除了蛋类，他不吃任何动物制品。

“Vegetarian” can also be an adjective describing something that only has fruit or vegetables and no meat or fish.

vegetarian也可以是形容词，描述只有水果或蔬菜，没有肉或鱼的东西。

I love Indian food not just for the bold and spicy⁸ flavors, but there are many vegetarian choices!

我喜欢印度食物，不仅仅是因为印度菜的味道浓郁辛辣，而且还有很多素食可选择！

Let’s move onto “vegan.”

接着再说说vegan吧。

If a vegetarian does not eat fish or meat, what is a vegan?

如果素食者是不吃鱼或肉的人，那vegan是什么呢？

A vegan, as a noun, is someone who does not eat or use any animal products or products made from animals.

vegan（严格素食者）作为名词指不吃和不使用任何动物制品或原料来自动物的产品的人。

This can include things like honey from bees, whey protein from milk, and a color made from crushed insects called carmine⁹ often used in cosmetics¹¹.

包括来自蜜蜂的蜂蜜，来自牛奶的乳清蛋白，以及一种把胭脂虫碾碎而制成的颜料，这种颜料通常用于化妆品。

She prefers agave nectar to honey because she is a vegan.

比起蜂蜜，她更喜欢龙舌兰花蜜，因为她是严格素食者。

Veganism is more of a lifestyle and not just what people eat.

严格素食主义更多的是指一种生活方式，而不仅仅是吃什么东西。

Vegans are against killing¹² animals.

严格素食者反对宰杀动物。

They do not use any animal products for health and environmental reasons.

出于健康和环保原因，他们不使用任何动物产品。

They are also against cruelty to animals.

他们也反对虐待动物。

Davey Havok, the singer of the band AFI, has been a vegan for 24 years.

AFI乐队的主唱戴维·哈沃克已经当了24年的严格素食者了。

Just like “vegetarian,” “vegan” can be an adjective, too.

和vegetarian一样，vegan也可以是形容词。

It describes something that was not made from animal products and that did not involve harming an animal in any way.

它描述某物不是由动物产品制成的，也不涉及对动物的任何形式的伤害。

Many bags are now made with vegan leather.

现在很多包都是用纯素皮革做的。

Cosmetic¹⁰ brands are becoming vegan and cruelty-free.

化妆品品牌也在变得纯素和不涉及任何动物虐杀

Please let us know if these explanations and examples have helped you, Noura!

请让我们知道这些解释和例子是否对你有帮助，诺拉！

And that’s Ask a Teacher.

以上就是本期《名师答疑》。

I’m Faith Pirlo.

我是费思·皮尔洛。