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Dark Matter

时间:2005-04-26 16:00:00

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43 存在于恒星与行星间的黑色物质

DATE=5-2-01
TITLE=SCIENCE REPORT - Dark Matter
BYLINE=Jill Moss1

      (Start at 58")This is the VOA Special English Science Report. 
When scientists look up into the night sky, they see stars, planets and the moon.  There is also dark matter - the material between the stars and (1)planets. Scientists believe dark matter makes up much of the matter in our universe.  However they have not been able to explain where it is.  Although scientists have discovered signs of its (2) gravity, no one has been able to see dark matter - until now.    
Recently a team of international scientists discovered observable dead stars -- or dark matter -- at the edge of our own Milky2 Way (3) galaxy3.  The experts announced their discovery in Science Magazine.   They said they found thirty-eight (4)objects called "white dwarfs5." 
Each white dwarf4 is a burned up, dying star like the sun. However, each one has shrunk to about the size of Earth.  These newly discovered white dwarfs are said to be about four- hundred- fifty light years from Earth.  A light year is the distance that light travels in one year. 
Ben (5)Oppenheimer led the research team that discovered the white dwarfs.  He works at the University of California at Berkeley.  He says the team-studied pictures of the white dwarfs taken during the past thirty years.  The movement of the objects suggests that they are in the so-called "(6)halo" of the universe. This is a very large circular collection of stars and gas that surrounds our Milky Way galaxy. 
This is important because the halo is much larger than the Milky Way galaxy itself.  The researchers suggest that there are many white (7)dwarf stars throughout this halo.  This discovery would explain much of the mass that cannot be found in our galaxy.   
Mister Oppenheimer says most of the white dwarfs may be about ten- thousand- million years old. Scientists believe the universe was born about thirteen- thousand- million years ago after a huge explosion of matter called the Big Bang.  
Scientists estimate that most of the dark matter in our universe is made up of unusual (8)particles.  These particles do not contain (9)protons or (10)neutrons found in atoms.  Scientists have not been able to identify these particles.
Some scientists are calling this discovery of observable dark matter historic.  They say the findings raise many questions about how stars and our galaxy were formed.  They also say the discovery opens the way for more study of some of the unexplained matter. 
This VOA Special English Science Report was written by Jill Moss.

注释:
(1) planet[5plAnIt]n.[天]行星
(2) gravity[ 5^rAviti ]n.地心引力, 重力
(3) galaxy[ 5^AlEksi ]n.星系, 银河
(4) object[ 5CbdVikt ]n.物体, 目标, 对象
(5) Oppenheimer[ 5CpEnhaimE ]奥本海默Julius Robert, 1904-1967, 美国原子物理学家, 原子弹计划主持人
(6) halo[5heIlEJ]n.(日月周围的)晕轮, 光环, 荣光
(7) dwarf[ dwC:f ]n.矮子, 侏儒v.(使)变矮小
(8) particle[ 5pB:tikl ]n.粒子, 点, 极小量
(9) proton[ 5prEutCn ]n.[核]质子
(10) neutron[ 5nju:trCn ]n.中子


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1 moss X6QzA     
n.苔,藓,地衣
参考例句:
  • Moss grows on a rock.苔藓生在石头上。
  • He was found asleep on a pillow of leaves and moss.有人看见他枕着树叶和苔藓睡着了。
2 milky JD0xg     
adj.牛奶的,多奶的;乳白色的
参考例句:
  • Alexander always has milky coffee at lunchtime.亚历山大总是在午餐时喝掺奶的咖啡。
  • I like a hot milky drink at bedtime.我喜欢睡前喝杯热奶饮料。
3 galaxy OhoxB     
n.星系;银河系;一群(杰出或著名的人物)
参考例句:
  • The earth is one of the planets in the Galaxy.地球是银河系中的星球之一。
  • The company has a galaxy of talent.该公司拥有一批优秀的人才。
4 dwarf EkjzH     
n.矮子,侏儒,矮小的动植物;vt.使…矮小
参考例句:
  • The dwarf's long arms were not proportional to his height.那侏儒的长臂与他的身高不成比例。
  • The dwarf shrugged his shoulders and shook his head. 矮子耸耸肩膀,摇摇头。
5 dwarfs a9ddd2c1a88a74fc7bd6a9a0d16c2817     
n.侏儒,矮子(dwarf的复数形式)vt.(使)显得矮小(dwarf的第三人称单数形式)
参考例句:
  • Shakespeare dwarfs other dramatists. 莎士比亚使其他剧作家相形见绌。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • The new building dwarfs all the other buildings in the town. 新大楼使城里所有其他建筑物都显得矮小了。 来自辞典例句

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