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反奴役压迫的女性领袖哈瑞特·塔伯曼

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97 反奴役压迫的女性领袖哈瑞特·塔伯曼

PEOPLE IN AMERICA - September 30, 2001: Harriet TubmanBy Jeri Watson

VOICE ONE:
I'm Shirley Griffith.
VOICE TWO:
And I'm Ray Freeman with the Special English program, People In America. Every week we tell the story of someone important in the history of the United States. Today we tell about Harriet Tubman, an African-American woman who fought slavery and oppression.
(THEME)
VOICE ONE:
Historians1 say Harriet Tubman was born in the year Eighteen-Twenty. Nobody really knows. In the United States in the Nineteenth Century the birth of (1)slaves was not recorded.
We do know that Harriet Tubman was one of the bravest women ever born in the United States. She helped hundreds of people (2)escape from slavery on the Underground Railroad2. This was a system that helped slaves escape from the South to states where slavery was (3)banned.
Because of her work on the Underground Railroad, Harriet Tubman was called Moses. In the Bible3, Moses was the leader of the (4)Jewish people enslaved in Egypt. He brought his people out of slavery to the (5)promised land.
Harriet Tubman died in Nineteen-Thirteen. All her life, she always tried to (6)improve life for African-Americans.
((MUSIC BRIDGE))
VOICE TWO:
From a very early age, Harriet knew how slaves (7)suffered. Her parents were slaves. They belonged to Edward Brodas, a farmer in the middle (8)Atlantic state of Maryland.
Harriet's parents tried to (9)protect her and their ten other children as much as they could. There was little they could do, however. Slaves were treated like animals. They could be sold at any time. Families often were (10)separated.
Slave children were not (11)permitted to act like children. By the time Harriet was three years old, Mister4 Brodas ordered her to carry notes from him to other farmers. Some of these farmers lived as far as fifteen kilometers away. Harriet was (12)punished if she stopped to rest or play.
VOICE ONE:
When Harriet was six years old, the Brodas family sent her to work for another family who lived near their farm. While there, Harriet was (13)infected with the disease5 Measles6. Even though she was sick, she was forced to place and remove animal (14)traps in an icy river. She was sent home when she became dangerously ill.
Harriet's mother took very good care of her. The child (15)survived. Then she was sent to work in the Brodas's house.
Her owners never gave her enough to eat. One day she was working in the (16)kitchen. She was looking at a piece of sugar in a (17)silver (18)container when Missus Brodas saw her. Harriet ran away in fear. She was caught and beaten very severely7. Her owners decided8 that Harriet never would make a good worker in the house. She was sent to the fields.
VOICE TWO:
Harriet's parents were sad. They worked in the fields and they knew how difficult it was to survive the hard work. But working outside made Harriet's body strong. And she began to learn things from the other slaves. These things one day would help her lead her people to freedom.
Harriet heard about Nat Turner. He had led an unsuccessful (19)rebellion10 of slaves. She heard about other slaves who had run away from their cruel owners. She was told that they had traveled by the Underground Railroad.
They did not escape by using a special train. Instead of a real train, the Underground Railroad was a (20)series of hiding places, usually in houses of people who (21)opposed slavery. These were (22)secret places that African Americans could stop at as they escaped from the South to the North. As Harriet heard stories of rebellion, she became more of a rebel9.
((MUSIC BRIDGE))
VOICE ONE:
One day when Harriet was fifteen she was at a local store. A slave owner entered and (23)threatened a young boy who was his slave. At first, the slave refused to move. Then he ran for the door.
Harriet moved in front of the young man. The slave owner reached for a heavy weight. He threw it at his slave. He missed. Instead, the heavy (24)metal object hit Harriet in the head.
Harriet almost died. Months passed before she could get out of bed. For the rest of her life, she carried the (25)mark of a deep wound on her head. And she suffered from (26)blackouts. She would suddenly lose (27)consciousness as though she had fallen asleep.
VOICE TWO:
Mister Brodas felt he would never get any good work out of Harriet. So he decided to sell her.
Harriet thought of a way to prevent this. Each time she was shown to someone who might buy her, she acted as if she were falling asleep. After awhile, Mister Brodas gave up hope of selling Harriet. He sent her back to the fields. She (28)dreamed of freedom while picking (29)vegetables and digging in the fields.
In Eighteen Forty-Four, at about age twenty-four, she married a free black man named John Tubman. By now, Harriet was sure she wanted to try to escape. It would be very dangerous. Slaves who were caught often were killed or almost beaten to death. Harriet knew she must wait for just the right time.
VOICE ONE:
Suddenly, in Eighteen-Forty-Nine, the time came. Mister Brodas died. His slaves probably would be sold to cotton farmers further South. The situation there would be even worse.
John Tubman tried to make Harriet forget about running away. He was free. Why should he make a dangerous trip with a woman breaking the law? Harriet decided that her (30)marriage to John must end.
Harriet heard that she was to be sold (31)immediately. She knew she needed to tell her family that she was leaving. She began to sing, softly11 at first, then louder. She sang the words, "I'm sorry to leave you...I'm going to the promised land." Her family understood.
((MUSIC BRIDGE))
VOICE TWO:
Harriet ran to the home of a white woman who had promised to help. This woman (32)belonged to the (33)Quakers, a (34)religious group which hated slavery. The Quaker woman told her how to reach another home where she could hide.
Harriet went from house to house that way on the Underground Railroad. Each place was a little closer to the eastern state of Pennsylvania. Slavery was banned there. Once she was hidden under hay12 that had been cut from the fields. Another time, she wore men's clothing. Finally, she crossed the (35)border into Pennsylvania.
Later, she told a friend, "I felt like I was in heaven."
VOICE ONE:
Now that Harriet was free, she did not forget the hundreds of other slaves back in Maryland. During the next ten years, she led a much (36)expanded Underground Railroad. She freed her parents, her sister, brothers and other family members. She found a home for her parents in Auburn, New York.
Harriet traveled back and forth13 eighteen times, helping14 about three-hundred slaves escape into free territory. She became an expert at hiding from slave hunters. At one time, anyone finding15 Harriet was promised forty-thousand-dollars for catching16 her -- dead or alive. The people she helped called her Moses. She had (37)rescued them from slavery just as the (38)biblical Moses rescued the Jews.
Harriet found another way to fight slavery after the (39)Civil War began in Eighteen-Sixty-One. Seven southern states decided to separate from the United States, mainly over the issue of slavery. The northern states refused to let the United States of America break apart.
After fighting began, Harriet Tubman went into enemy territory to spy for the North. She also served as a nurse. After four years of bloody17 fighting, the North won the war.
President Abraham Lincoln freed the slaves in Eighteen-Sixty-Three. There was no longer any need for Harriet to be Moses.
((MUSIC BRIDGE))
VOICE TWO:
After the fighting ended, Harriet Tubman returned to Auburn, New York. She married a man named Nelson Davis. This could have been the beginning of a few quiet years of family life for her.
But she kept working. She traveled and gave speeches to raise money for better education for black children. She also worked for women's rights and housing18. And she sought help for old men and women who had been slaves.
Harriet Tubman died in Nineteen-Thirteen. She was about ninety-three years old. By that time, she was (40)recognized as an American hero. The United States government gave a funeral with (41)military (42)honors for the woman known as (43)Moses.
(THEME)
VOICE ONE:
This program was written by Jeri Watson. I'm Shirley Griffith.
VOICE TWO:
I'm Ray Freeman. Listen again next week at this time for another PEOPLE IN AMERICA program on the Voice of America.

 

(1) slave[ sleiv ]n.奴隶v.辛勤努力
(2) escape[ is5keip ]n.逃, 逃亡, 溢出设备, 出口, 逃跑, [植]野生vi.逃脱, 避开,
(3) ban[ bB:n ]n.禁令vt.禁止, 取缔(书刊等)
(4) Jewish[ 5dVu(:)iF ]adj.犹太人的, 犹太族的
(5) promise[ 5prCmis ]vt.允诺, 答应n.允诺, 答应, 许诺
(6) improve[ im5pru:v ]v.改善, 改进
(7) suffer[ 5sQfE ]vt.遭受, 经历, 忍受vi.受痛苦, 受损害
(8) Atlantic[ Et5lAntik ]n.大西洋adj.大西洋的
(9) protect[ prE5tekt ]vt.保护
(10) separate[ 5sepEreit ]adj.分开的, 分离的, 个别的, 单独的v.分开, 隔离, 分散,
(11) permit[ pE(:)5mit ]n.通行证, 许可证, 执照v.许可, 允许, 准许
(12) punish[ 5pQniF ]vt.惩罚, 处罚
(13) infect[ in5fekt ]vt.[医] 传染, 感染
(14) trap[ trAp ]n.圈套, 陷阱, 诡计, 活板门, 存水弯, 汽水闸, (双轮)轻便马车vi.
(15) survivable[ sE5vaivEbl ]可长存的, 可存活的 可免于死亡的
(16) kitchen[ 5kitFin ]n.厨房, 炊具, 炊事人员
(17) silver[ 5silvE ]n.银, 银子vt.镀银
(18) container[ kEn5teinE ]n.容器(箱,盆,罐,壶,桶,坛子), 集装箱
(19) rebellion[ ri5beljEn ]n.谋反, 叛乱, 反抗, 不服从
(20) series[ 5siEri:z ]n.连续, 系列, 丛书, 级数
(21) oppose[ E5pEuz ]vt.反对, 使对立, 使对抗, 抗争vi.反对
(22) secret[ 5si:krit ]n.秘密, 秘诀, 奥秘adj.秘密的, 隐秘的, 幽静的
(23) threaten[ 5Wretn ]vt.恐吓, 威胁, 预示(危险), 似有发生或来临的可能, 可能来
(24) metal[ 5metl ]n.金属
(25) mark[ mB:k ]n.标志, 分数, 痕迹, 记号vt.做标记于, 打分数, 标志vi.作记号
(26) blackout[ 5blAkaut ]n.灯火管制, (暂时的)眩晕, 中断
(27) consciousness[ 5kCnFEsnis ]n.意识, 知觉, 自觉, 觉悟, 个人思想
(28) dream[ dri:m ]v.做梦, 梦见, 梦想, 想到n.梦, 梦想
(29) vegetable[ 5vedVitEbl ]n.蔬菜, 植物, 生活呆板单调的人adj.蔬菜的, 植物的
(30) marriage[ 5mAridV ]n.结婚, 婚姻, 婚姻生活, 密切结合, 合并
(31) immediately[ i5mi:djEtli ]adv.立即, 马上, 直接地
(32) belong[ bi5lCN ]vi.属于, 住
(33) Quaker[ 5kweikE ]n.教友派信徒, 贵格会会员
(34) religious[ ri5lidVEs ]adj.信奉宗教的, 虔诚的, 宗教上的, 修道的, 严谨的n.
(35) border[ 5bC:dE ]n.边界, 国界, 边, 边沿, 边境vt.与...接壤, 接近v.接壤
(36) expand[ iks5pAnd ]vt.使膨胀, 详述, 扩张vi.张开, 发展
(37) rescue[ 5reskju: ]vt.援救, 营救n.援救, 营救
(38) Biblical[ 5biblikEl ]adj.圣经的
(39) civil[ 5sivl ]adj.全民的, 市民的, 公民的, 国民的, 民间的.民事的, 根据民法的,
(40) recognize[ 5rekE^naiz ]vt.认可, 承认, 公认, 赏识vi.具结
(41) military[ 5militEri ]adj.军事的, 军用的
(42) honor[ 5CnE ]n.尊敬, 敬意, 荣誉, 光荣vt.尊敬, 给以荣誉
(43) Moses[ 5mEuziz ]n.摩西(《圣经》故事中犹太人古代领袖), 领导者, 立法者


 


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1 historians aa2dff49e1cda6eb8322970793b20183     
n.历史学家,史学工作者( historian的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • Historians seem to have confused the chronology of these events. 历史学家好像把这些事件发生的年代顺序搞混了。
  • Historians have concurred with each other in this view. 历史学家在这个观点上已取得一致意见。
2 railroad ATIxl     
n.铁路;vi.由铁路运输
参考例句:
  • The railroad connects two cities,namely,New York and Chicago.这条铁路连接两个城市,即纽约与芝加哥。
  • My brother is working on the railroad.我兄弟在铁路系统工作。
3 bible ZQzyQ     
n.《圣经》;得到权威支持的典籍
参考例句:
  • According to the Bible we are all the seed of Adam.根据《圣经》所说的,我们都是亚当的后裔。
  • This dictionary should be your Bible when studying English.学习英语时,这本字典应是你的主要参考书。
4 mister rnQzwB     
n.(略作Mr.全称很少用于书面)先生
参考例句:
  • Mister Smith is my good friend.史密斯先生是我的好朋友。
  • He styled himself " Mister Clean ".他自称是“清廉先生”。
5 disease etMxx     
n.疾病,弊端
参考例句:
  • The doctors are trying to stamp out the disease.医生正在尽力消灭这种疾病。
  • He fought against the disease for a long time.他同疾病做了长时间的斗争。
6 measles Bw8y9     
n.麻疹,风疹,包虫病,痧子
参考例句:
  • The doctor is quite definite about Tom having measles.医生十分肯定汤姆得了麻疹。
  • The doctor told her to watch out for symptoms of measles.医生叫她注意麻疹出现的症状。
7 severely SiCzmk     
adv.严格地;严厉地;非常恶劣地
参考例句:
  • He was severely criticized and removed from his post.他受到了严厉的批评并且被撤了职。
  • He is severely put down for his careless work.他因工作上的粗心大意而受到了严厉的批评。
8 decided lvqzZd     
adj.决定了的,坚决的;明显的,明确的
参考例句:
  • This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
  • There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。
9 rebel VANz2     
n.叛徒,起义者;vi.造反,反抗,反感;adj.造反的,反抗的,反叛者的
参考例句:
  • The rebel army is attempting to subvert the government.反叛军队企图颠覆政府统治。
  • The rebel army has readjusted its strategy.叛军已经重新调整了策略。
10 rebellion stVyI     
n.造反,叛乱,反抗
参考例句:
  • The next year they rose up in rebellion.第二年他们就揭竿起义了。
  • The new government quickly suppressed the rebellion.新政府迅速把叛乱镇压下去。
11 softly HiIzR4     
adv.柔和地,静静地,温柔地
参考例句:
  • He speaks too softly for her to hear.他讲话声音太轻,她听不见。
  • She breathed her advice softly.她低声劝告。
12 hay WeVxZ     
n.(用作饲料或覆盖的)干草
参考例句:
  • Cows feed on hay.奶牛以干草为生。
  • They usually keep the hay in the barn.他们通常将干草存放在谷仓中。
13 forth Hzdz2     
adv.向前;向外,往外
参考例句:
  • The wind moved the trees gently back and forth.风吹得树轻轻地来回摇晃。
  • He gave forth a series of works in rapid succession.他很快连续发表了一系列的作品。
14 helping 2rGzDc     
n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的,辅助的
参考例句:
  • The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
  • By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。
15 finding 5tAzVe     
n.发现,发现物;调查的结果
参考例句:
  • The finding makes some sense.该发现具有一定的意义。
  • That's an encouraging finding.这是一个鼓舞人心的发现。
16 catching cwVztY     
adj.易传染的,有魅力的,迷人的,接住
参考例句:
  • There are those who think eczema is catching.有人就是认为湿疹会传染。
  • Enthusiasm is very catching.热情非常富有感染力。
17 bloody kWHza     
adj.非常的的;流血的;残忍的;adv.很;vt.血染
参考例句:
  • He got a bloody nose in the fight.他在打斗中被打得鼻子流血。
  • He is a bloody fool.他是一个十足的笨蛋。
18 housing YqzzxS     
n.房屋,住宅;住房建筑;外壳,外罩
参考例句:
  • Do you think our housing sales will turn around during this year?你认为今年我们的住宅销路会好转吗?
  • The housing sales have been turning down since the summer.入夏以来,房屋的销售量日趋减少。

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