VOA标准英语2011--Tallest Candidate Wins Majority of US Presidential Elections

（单词翻译）

Tallest Candidate Wins Majority of US Presidential Elections

When it comes to voter preference, a candidate’s positions on the issues count. But some may check a name on a ballot¹ for a more primal² reason: the candidate’s stature³.

Researchers at Texas Tech University suggest that height affects voters’ preference in political leaders, possibly for instinctive⁴ reasons going back to caveman days.

The findings were published in the journal Social Science Quarterly by political science professor Gregg Murray and graduate student David Schmitz.

"A near-universal fear of snakes and a preference for unhealthy fatty foods likely evolved from a time when snakes were a common threat and caloric intake⁵ was uncertain,” Murray says. “We believe similar traits exist in politics."

The authors point to what’s called the "big man" tribal⁶ leadership of many ancient societies, as well as the impact of physical strength on status in the animal kingdom. And they note that the taller candidate has won 58 percent of U.S. presidential elections between 1789 and 2008.

At 185 centimeters - 6'1" - Barack Obama was noticeably taller than his 173-centimeer (5'8") Republican opponent, John McCain, in 2008.

The authors asked 467 American and foreign-born college students to draw a figure that represented their concept of a "typical citizen" and an "ideal national leader" before being asked to draw both figures together. Sixty-four percent drew the leader taller than the citizen.

The researchers then asked the students to assess themselves as leaders and potential political candidates. The results revealed a statistically⁷ significant association between height and the students’ self-assessment as leaders.

Researcher Schmitz writes that "culture and environment alone cannot explain how a preference for taller leaders is a near-universal trait we see in different cultures today, as well as in societies ranging from ancient Mayans, to pre-classical Greeks and even animals."

At 185 centimeters - 6'1" - Barack Obama was noticeably taller than his 173-centimeer (5'8") Republican opponent, John McCain, in 2008. But at least two of his potential opponents in 2012 - former governors Rick Perry and Mitt⁸ Romney - are as tall, or a little taller, than the president.