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Bush Nominates Wolfowitz to be President of World Bank
布什推荐沃尔福威茨担任国际银行行长
President Bush has announced that he is nominating U.S. Deputy Secretary of Defense1 Paul Wolfowitz to be the next president of the World Bank. The United States is the bank's largest shareholder2, and although the nomination3 requires the approval of the Bank's 24-member board, the U.S. candidate is traditionally accepted. Mr. Wolfowitz has long experience as a diplomat4, but he has also been the focal point of much criticism of the war in Iraq.
During a news conference on Wednesday, President Bush confirmed that he is nominating Mr. Wolfowitz, saying he has been calling world leaders to ask for their support. The president said Mr. Wolfowitz will be a strong leader of the 184-member bank because of his experience managing a large organization, and his earlier experience as a U.S. diplomat.
Bush: He's a skilled diplomat. He worked at the State Department in high positions. He was ambassador to Indonesia, where he did a very good job representing our country. And Paul is committed to development. He's a compassionate5, decent man, who will do a fine job in the World Bank.
Mr. Wolfowitz, who is 61 years old, has held senior positions in the Departments of Defense and State, and at the Arms Control and Disarmament Agency, during nearly every administration since 1973. During the Clinton administration he was the Dean of the prestigious6 School of Advanced International Studies at Johns Hopkins University.
In a recent speech, Mr. Wolfowitz quoted one of his mentors7, the late President Ronald Reagan, in order to explain his own worldview.
Mr. Wolfowitz: The only answer to poverty, to war, to oppression is one simple word: freedom. Freedom is not only a moral imperative8 for our foreign policy, it's also supremely9 pragmatic. Tyranny fails, freedom works.
Mr. Wolfowitz also described his own management style, using a reference to a key battle in the American Civil War.
Mr. Wolfowitz: I'm always thinking about what can go wrong next. And I remind people that Gettysburg was a great victory, and the failure to follow up on Gettysburg properly extended the civil war by another two years. And I worry every time that we have a big success we might sit on our laurels10.
Mr. Wolfowitz is known as a leading proponent11 of what is called the 'neo-conservative' political philosophy. One of the originators of neo-conservative thinking, Irving Kristol, describes it as a "forward-looking" approach designed to make "conservative politics suitable to governing a modern democracy." Mr. Kristol says neo-conservatism has transformed American politics since it emerged in the 1970s.
But the concept has many critics, who say it promotes an aggressive foreign policy that got the United States into the war in Iraq and has alienated12 many of its traditional allies. In addition, Mr. Wolfowitz has been blamed for what critics call several miscalculations related to the war, including the number of U.S. troops that would be needed, the strength of Iraqi opposition13 to the U.S. invasion and the cost of the war.
Mr. Wolfowitz defended the Iraq war in his recent speech, saying it helped bring the promise of a better life to the Iraqi people. And he disputed the claim of those who say it signals a new, more militarists U.S. foreign policy.
Mr. Wolfowitz: The expansion of freedom can, and hopefully will, occur for the most part without the involvement of combat forces from foreign countries, particularly our own. In other words, Iraq and Afghanistan, as justified14 and important as they were, need to be thought of more as exceptions than as the rule.
Still, Representative Nancy Pelosi, the leader of the minority Democrats16 in the House of Representatives, criticized Mr. Wolfowitz's nomination to head the World Bank.
Nancy Pelosi: The president's selection of Mr. Wolfowitz to head the World Bank is hard to understand. As one who served as the Ranking Democrat15 on Foreign Operations for years and worked closely with the World Bank, I don't see a match in the commitment to the vision of the World Bank. Maybe this is the president's way of removing him from the Defense Department. Otherwise I can't see a match of credentials17 with the mission of the World Bank.
The current World Bank President, James Wolfensohn, said he is looking forward to a smooth transition with Mr. Wolfowitz. Mr. Wolfensohn is stepping down as head of the bank on June 1, at the end of his second five-year term.
Al Pessin, VOA news, at the Pentagon.
注释:
shareholder [5FZEhEuldE] n. 股东
diploma [di5plEumE] n. 文凭
poverty [5pCvEti] n. 贫困
laurel [5lCrEl] n. 桂冠
militarist [5militErist] n. 军国主义者
nomination [nCmi5neiFEn] n. 任命
1 defense | |
n.防御,保卫;[pl.]防务工事;辩护,答辩 | |
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2 shareholder | |
n.股东,股票持有人 | |
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3 nomination | |
n.提名,任命,提名权 | |
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4 diplomat | |
n.外交官,外交家;能交际的人,圆滑的人 | |
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5 compassionate | |
adj.有同情心的,表示同情的 | |
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6 prestigious | |
adj.有威望的,有声望的,受尊敬的 | |
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7 mentors | |
n.(无经验之人的)有经验可信赖的顾问( mentor的名词复数 )v.(无经验之人的)有经验可信赖的顾问( mentor的第三人称单数 ) | |
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8 imperative | |
n.命令,需要;规则;祈使语气;adj.强制的;紧急的 | |
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9 supremely | |
adv.无上地,崇高地 | |
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10 laurels | |
n.桂冠,荣誉 | |
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11 proponent | |
n.建议者;支持者;adj.建议的 | |
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12 alienated | |
adj.感到孤独的,不合群的v.使疏远( alienate的过去式和过去分词 );使不友好;转让;让渡(财产等) | |
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13 opposition | |
n.反对,敌对 | |
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14 justified | |
a.正当的,有理的 | |
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15 democrat | |
n.民主主义者,民主人士;民主党党员 | |
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16 democrats | |
n.民主主义者,民主人士( democrat的名词复数 ) | |
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17 credentials | |
n.证明,资格,证明书,证件 | |
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