赖世雄高级美国英语 lesson 35

（单词翻译）

　　Hello everyone, welcome again to Radio English on Sunday.
This is Bruce,/ and this is Peter.
/ Today we are on page two hundred ninety seven, unit thirty five. Today we take a look at our hot animal of this book. We've given you a look at some of nature's strangest, loveliest, most wonderful animals, and today we have to save the last animal. Sometimes we say we save the last or best, because the hot animal around the world is the panda. The panda is quite an interesting guy and we're going to learn a lot about him today in our lesson.
Let's get started then with the first paragraph on page two hundred ninety seven.
Some countries have adopted an animal as a kind of national mascot². The bald eagle is often thought of as representing the US, for example. New Zealanders proudly display their Kiwi, a native flightless bird. Australians cannot seem to make up their minds whether the koala or the kangoroo should represent them. China also has two animals which often stand out in everyone's mind, the dragon and the giant panda. As the dragon is a mythological³ animal, that leaves the giant panda as the only real animal representative of China.
The panda, this is a beautiful guy, is the teddy bear, the original teddy bear. The bald eagle, you wouldn't want to hold, it would probably scratch you or bite you; kiwi is hard to catch, well the kangaroo is hard to catch, too, but not the koala, we learned earlier in our book that the koala moves very very slowly, but you have to climb a tree to get to him. So maybe the panda is the animal which most people think of as the most huggable, the animal which people would most like to hug. What do you think, Peter?
/ Well, definitely, we think that panda is very tender, very loveable, I would use this word "lovable", that means very cute, as you just said, "huggable"...you know, everybody thinks that I am like a panda...:P so ..I am very huggable.
/ , well, there're some differences. :P/ representative, n, 代表，he's the representative of our class. 这个字也可以当形容词用，如果前面没有冠词或所有格，它就是一个形容词。This rain is representative of my love for you. 代表着我对你的爱。相当于symbolic⁴, 也是跟of用的。The rain is symbolic of my love for you. 这个symbolic 只能作形容词。 / symbolize⁵, v, This animal symbolizes⁶ this country.
____representative, 更多用作名词，作***的代表解。
One that serves as an example or a type for others of the same classification.
典型事物作为同一类别中的其它事物的典例或典范的事物One that serves as a delegate or an agent for another.
代理人作为代表他人的代表或代理的人或公司A member of a governmental body, usually legislative⁷, chosen by popular vote.
议员由公众投票选出的政府机构（通常是立法机构）的一个成员A member of the U.S. House of Representatives or of the lower house of a state legislature.
众议院议员（州下院议员）美国众议院或州议会下院的一个成员adj,a representative body代表团be representative of the people代表人民n,authorized representative全权代表n（与of连用）代表； 代理人a representative of a company公司的代表_____mascot,A person, an animal, or an object believed to bring good luck, especially one kept as the symbol of an organization such as a sports team.
吉祥物，吉祥符相信能够带来好运气的人、动物或物件，尤指用作体育运动队等某个组织的标志符We had a panda as our mascot.
我们把熊猫作为吉详物。
Let's continue in our second paragraph.
Although dragons have been associated with China for thousands of years, the panda's inclusion into the Chinese psyche⁸ is far more recent. The giant panda was not even discovered until eighteen sixty nine. It was already a rare animal at that time, living in the high bamboo forests of Sicuan province and neighbouring parts of Tibet. Its more plentiful⁹ cousin, the lesser¹⁰ panda, is also refered to as the cat bear or bear cat. However, zoologically speaking, it is neither. The lesser panda is a member of raccoon family, whereas the giant's classification is still a dilemma¹¹. Some authorities consider it a member of the bear family, while others maintain that it belongs to the raccoon family, too.
Here we're taking a look at the habitat of the panda, and also how biologists, those who study animals we call zoologists¹², classify the panda. Its habitat is high altitude bamboo forests, which we find in the mountains of Sicuan and Tibet, that is its natural habitat. And it's rare today and as long as mankind has been in contact with this animal, and has written about it, it has always been rare. As we say, it was not even discovered, at least by westerners, until the middle of the last century. What is a panda? That depends on whom you talk to. Some zoologists consider it a member of the bear family, while others consider it the largest member of the raccoon family.
/ raccoon, 浣熊。
___habitat, The area or type of environment in which an organism or ecological¹³ community normally lives or occurs:
栖息地某种生物或生态群体生存繁衍的地区或环境类型：
a marine¹⁴ habitat.
海洋生物的栖息地The place in which a person or thing is most likely to be found.
通常所在一个人或一物体最有可能被发现的地方inhabit, v, 居住于，存在于，占据，栖息，尤其指动物的居住，/ Many cockroaches¹⁵ inhabit my house.
/ Many strang, or rare animals inhabit that area. 这里有一点要注意，千万不要加一个in字，不要说inhabit in that area, 但是如果用live, reside, or dwell, 那后面是要加跟in字的。这些是不及物动词，要加in.
/ Reside, we don't often use this verb "reside", but it's noun you will see, resident, and the verb dwell, or its noun, dweller¹⁶, sometimes we use the phrase "city dweller" or "city dwellers¹⁷", 都市居民。
They reside in that area, they dwell inthat area, they live in that area, 不过这几个字都是用于人的。inhabit通常用于动物。
associate, 的用法，be associated with ...与...有关联，联想到。。。
如果前面没有be动词，to associate with (sb), 这是交往的意思，Nobody likes to associate with him, becuase he keeps telling lies.
______keep company with______One is known by the company he keeps. 中级讲座中。
/ Good point.
______psyche, 灵魂, 精神, 心灵The spirit or soul.
精神或灵魂Psychiatry【精神病学】
The mind functioning as the center of thought, emotion, and behavior and consciously or unconsciously adjusting or mediating¹⁸ the body's responses to the social and physical environment.
自我作为思想，情感和行为中心的心灵，能有意识或无意地识调整或调解身体对社会和外界环境的反应inclusion, include的名词式。
Let's go on to the third paragraph and over to the next page.
The giant panda is well named. Reaching a length of one point five maters and one hundred sixty kilograms, this gentle omnivore is among the largest land animals of China. Subsisting²⁰ on the diet bamboo and other plants, and even small animals, it can consum as much as thirty kilograms of food a day. Now that's a giant appetite. It's distinctive²¹ markings, broad, white bands of fur, alternating with black, and small black circles around the eyes, have endear the giant panda to animals everywhere.
The giant panda and the lesser panda; the lesser panda and raccoon of North America, are about the size of a house cat, a very large house cat, but smaller than a dog; but the giant panda is bigger than a person, heavier than most people. :P and the length, one point five meters, that'll be a rather short man, or maybe an average woman, in hight, but here we use length, because the animal usually walks on all (fores). But one thing that's really cute about the panda, and endears to people, is that it sits down like a person. It sits on its bottom with its legs (out), and looks around, and it's very very cute when it does (bet) because of its black and white markings, and its gentle nature.
/ In fact, you don't have to go to a zoo to find a panda or something, in this small studio, we do have a panda.
/ Oh, it's small now, as you guy's in here. haha.
/ omnivore, n, 杂食性的人，不偏食的人，carnivore, 食肉动物，食肉类的动植物。
herbivore, 草食动物，这个字在美语中[h]不发音。
vegetarian²², 素食者，吃素的人，指人。It's a noun. A person can be a vegetarian, or, it can be used as an adjective, I only eat vegetarian food. 但人如果荤素通吃，一般不说omnivore, 这个omnivore通常指动物。这时没有一个专门的字，只要说I eat everything, I eat anything, 就行了。
/ to endear A to B, 使A令B觉得亲近，make A very close to B,Her ability to cook has endeared her to her husband.
____subsist,To exist; be.
存在To remain or continue in existence.
继续存在See: beTo maintain life; live:
维持生活；生活：
subsisted²³ on one meal a day.
每天只吃一顿饭为生生存, 维持生活(on, upon)存在; 居住; 位于(in)【哲】(逻辑上)可以理解; 有效; 抽象地存在subsist¹⁹ on wages靠工资过活subsist on依靠...生活__另外这个(something) endear somebody to another, 非常有用。
Granny's kindness endeared her to everyone in the community.
老大娘的仁慈心地使她受到这一带所有人的喜爱。
____distinctive, 与众不同的，有特色的，Let's go ahead to the next paragraph.
People may want to hug this huge teddy bear, but giant pandas prefer to live a solitary²⁴ life. This may account for their scarcity²⁵. These pandas are on all official lists of endangered animals. Estimates of the wild panda of popullation are difficult due to the rugged²⁶ terrain²⁷ they live in. But experts agree that fewer than one thousand remain free, as they give birth to only one or two cubs²⁸ when mating is successful. The giant panda's survival in the wild is anything but a foregone conclusion. The Chinese government has set aside eleven nature preserves where pandas are known to exist, hoping to protect them from the rapid encroachment²⁹ of man. Though poaching is still a problem, strict laws have reduced the senseless carnage.
Again, the teddy bear image of the panda is irresistible³⁰ to most people. The fact is there're very few pandas left, very few people have even seen a panda in a zoo. There are maybe only about one thousand of them live in the wild. However, the Chinese government has protected some areas where these wild pandas are known to inhabit, where they are known to live in. ..and maybe more than eleven, at the time of writing we have eleven nature preserves, maybe they are more now. However, poaching is a problem as it is in many countries, where people hope to catch alive or even dead rare animal to sell on the market. This illegal hunting is called poaching. We hope of course, that in all countries that poaching can be (illiminated.)/ Mmm. There is a TV channel that I'd like to mention is called "the Discovery" channel, that features all kinds of wild lives, very very good reports, quite often you'll see on television. In Taiwan I remember once I saw a program that was about, you know, panda raising, or protection in main China, it was really a very good report. The program shows that a lot of experts over there ...locals, ..quite good habitat..
/ Oh, the beautiful animals, like so many other rare animals, these days needs protecting, so, keep up the good work.
/ to be anything but...= not ...at all.
He's not clever at all.
He's anything but clever. 他什么都可能，就是不聪明。
Bruce is anything but clever; he's cunning.
/ Right. The other time we use this, that you may hear more often is, for example, when someone talks about a restaurant or a movie, they may say, oh, it's a good restaurant, but it's anything but cheap. 一点都便宜。so you expect to take a lot of money. Or, that movie is anything but exciting, which means you thought it was boring. We use it in this sort of recommending of things.
17:20______solitary,Existing, living, or going without others; alone:
单独的没有他人的存在、生活或开展；单独的：
a solitary traveler.
单独的游客See: aloneHappening, done, or made alone:
唯一的独自发生的、完成的或成为单独的：
a solitary evening; solitary pursuits such as reading and sewing.
唯一的夜晚；独自的追求如阅读及缝制Remote from civilization; secluded³¹:
隐居的远离文明社会的；隐居的：
a solitary retreat.
隐居处Having no companions; lonesome or lonely.
寂寞的没有陪伴的；单独的或孤寂的Zoology【动物学】
Living alone or in pairs only:
独居的单独生活的或成双生活的：
solitary wasps³²; solitary sparrows.
独居的蔓蜂；独居的麻雀Single and set apart from others:
唯一的，与其他分开的：
a solitary instance of cowardice³³.
懦弱的唯一例子；See: singlesolitaryn.
pl. sol.i.tar¹.ies;【复数】 sol.i.tar.ies;A person who lives alone; a recluse³⁴.
遁世者单独生活的人；遁世者Solitary confinement³⁵.
单独禁闭adj.
独个儿的, 孤独的寂寞的, 冷落的, 僻远的, 荒凉的孤立的, 单独的, 唯一的【解, 植】分离的, 单生的【动】孤栖的a solitary life独居的生活solitary confinement [imprisonment]
单独拘禁a solitary valley人迹罕到的山谷a solitary example独一无二的例子endangered,Faced with the danger of extinction³⁶:
濒临灭绝的面临绝种的危险的：
an endangered species; an endangered culture.
濒临绝种的生物种类；濒临绝传的文化rugged terrain, 崎岖地带，terrain, n, 地形，2，地区，地带，foregone conclusion, 预料中果然发生的事情，不可避免的结果，可以肯定会发生的事情，An end or a result regarded as inevitable³⁷:
不可避免的结果必然的结果或结局：
The victory was a foregone conclusion.
胜利是必然的结果又一个“屠杀”的意思，大屠杀，carnage, massacre³⁸, butchery, slaughter³⁹, killing⁴⁰, genocide,carnage,n.
Massive slaughter, as in war; a massacre.
大屠杀大规模杀戮，如战争中的大屠杀；屠宰Corpses⁴¹, especially of those killed in battle.
尸体尤指战争中被杀者的尸体17:20Pandas in captivity⁴² number less than one hundred, the largest share, of course in China. Those in Western zoos are treated as royalty⁴³, and are the object of intense scientific interest and care. Recently, veterinarians have given make giant panda (Viagra), hoping to increase the animal's reproductive efficiency. Results are thus far inconclusive. Though births have been reported, they are few and far between. It seems that panda's chance of survival is razor-thin.
We continue talking about the panda's popullation and the news are not very good. Although the Chinese government is trying to protect the animal, and it is being raised with some success in zoos around the world, the numbers are still very very small. So we are not sure whether this animal will be around in a hundred years or not.
/ "pandas in captivity number less than...这个number是动词的用法。
Hi, Peter, your days are numbered.
/ Uhh, that means somebody is out for Peter, that means that they want to kill him.
Ok, let's continue.
Its extinction will be a sad day for all of mankind. These playful and gentle creatures never fail to amuse adults and children alike lucky enough to observe them in zoos. Every plant and animal that leaves the world due to human intervention⁴⁴ and encroachment of habitat diminishes the world we live in. The richness of the earth's original bio-diversity is being attacked. Will future generations of humanity be left with only a few species of food plants? and zoos exhibiting cockroaches and rats?
Obviously, this paragraph reminds of how important it is to preserve the natural environment. The pandas are being squeezed out of existence along with many other animals. What kind of a future will the earth be if we have only a few species of plants and animals?
/ encroachment, n, encroach, v, + on, upon,/ In business, some new companies may encroach on an old company's patterns.
And our concluding paragraph.
Hopefully, man will learn the excesses of their ways and strive to protect the remaining natural habitats as an investment not only in the flora⁴⁵ and fauna⁴⁶ remaining, but in the quality of life, present and future of all those on this planet. "Extinction is forever", and "There's only one world" need no longer be heard if everyone becomes conscious of preserving the beauty of the natural world around us.
Well, the second to the last paragraph was a bit depressing, and the last paragraph, the concluding paragraph, is a bit more hopeful. We hope that people will learn the importance of our natural environment, and do something about it so that the future will be better for all.
Ok, let's go back and I'll re-read unit thirty five again all the way through, this time as I read, you might want to practise your listening comprehension rather than read as I read out loud. Just listen this time.
...
Well, that is our last hot animal around the world lesson. Next week we hope you will again join us here.
*****************************************************************************************Unit 35 Hot Aminals around the World: The PandaSome countries have adopted an animal as a kind of national mascot. The bald eagle is often thought of as representing the United States, for example. New Zealanders proudly display their kiwi, a native flightless bird. Australians cannot seem to make up their minds whether the koala or the kangaroo should represent them. China also has two animals which often stand out in everyone's mind: the dragon and the giant panda. As the dragon is a mythological animal, that leaves the giant panda as the only real animal representative of China.
Although dragons have been associated with China for thousands of years, the panda's inclusion into the Chinese psyche is far more recent. The giant panda was not even discovered until 1869; it was already a rare animal at that time, living in the high bamboo forests of Sichuan province and neighboring parts of Tibet.Its more plentiful cousin, the lesser panda, is also referred to as the cat bear or bear cat; however, zoologically speaking, it is neither. The lesser panda is a member of the raccoon family, whereas the giant panda's classification is still a dilemma: some authorities consider it a member of the bear family while others maintain that it belongs to the raccoon family, too.
The giant panda is well named. Reaching a length of 1.5 meters and 160 kilograms, this gentle omnivore is among the largest land animals of China. Subsisting on a diet of bamboo and other plants, and even small animals, it can consume as much as 30 kilograms of food a day. Now that's a giant appetite! Its distinctive markings--broad, white bands of fur alternating with black, and small black circles around the eyes--have endeared the giant panda to animal lovers everywhere.
People may want to hug this huge "teddy bear," but giant pandas prefer to live a solitary life. This may account for their scarcity; these pandas are on all official lists of endangered animals. Estimates of the wild panda population are difficult due to the rugged terrain they live in, but most experts agree that fewer than 1000 remain free. As they give birth to only one or two cubs when mating is successful,the giant panda's survival in the wild is anything but a foregone conclusion. The Chinese government has set aside 11 nature preserves where pandas are known to exist, hoping to protect them from the rapid encroachment of man. Though poaching is still a problem, strict laws have reduced this senseless carnage.
Pandas in captivity number less than 100, the largest share, of course, in China. Those in Western zoos are treated as royalty and are the object of intense scientific interest and care. Recently, veterinarians have given male giant pandas Viagra, hoping to increase the animals' reproductive efficiency. Results are thus far inconclusive. Though births have been reported, they are few and far between it. It seems the panda's chance of survival is razor-thin.
Its extinction would be a sad day for all of mankind. These playful and gentle creatures never fail to amuse adults and children alike lucky enough to observe them in zoos. Every plant and animal that leaves the world due to human intervention and encroachment of habitat diminishes the world we live in. The richness of the Earth's original biodiversity is being attacked. Will future generations of humanity be left with only a few species of food plants, and zoos exhibiting cockroaches and rats?
Hopefully, men will learn the excesses of their ways and strive to protect the remaining natural habitats as an investment not only in the flora and fauna remaining but in the quality of life present and future, of all those on this planet. "Extinction is forever" and "There is only one world" need no longer be heard if everyone becomes conscious of preserving the beauty of the natural world around us.
***************************************************************adopt A as B, 采用A当作B，Our school has adopted blue and orange as our school uniform colors.
be thought of as...被视为be regarded as...
be looked upon as...
be viewed as...
be seen as ...
be thought to be...
be considered ...
John is so naive⁴⁷ as to be often thought of as a moron⁴⁸.
stand out, 突出，杰出There were many fine performances, but Alice's singing stood out among them.
be representative of...代表……The Eiffel Tower is representative of modern architecture rather than classical architecture.
be associated with　与…有关联，被与…联想在一起Bullfighting is associated with Spain.
associate 亦可做不及物动词，＋with，表示“与…交往”。
None likes to associate with one who is selfish and snobbish⁴⁹.
subsist on...靠…维生subsist, v, 生存，When I was a student, I subsisted on bread and tuna fish everyday.
alternate with...夹杂着…Red stripes alternate with white stripes on the flag of the US.
endear A to B, 使A受到B的喜爱。
Miss Aller's good mood, conscientious⁵⁰ work, and open mindedness endeared her to all her students.
account for...说明，解释…Hard word accounted for John's success in business.
give birth to...
Theresa gave birth to a healthy baby girl last Thursday in the hospital.
Be anything but + adj, n, 绝不是…be by no means + adj, n, at all.
be not + adj, n, at all.
John is anything but a good student; he goofs⁵¹ around all day.
他绝不是一个好学生。
注意与 be nothing but...的用法，意思刚好相反。
John是任何东西（都可以，）但绝不是一个好学生。
foregone conclusion, 事情尚未结束就可预料的结论，笃定的结果There is only one candidate in the election, so his winning is a foregone conclusion.
be few and far between, 少之又少Nowadays, people like that good old man are few and far between.
razor-thin, (机会）渺茫的，razor，刮胡刀片，razor-thin表示“薄得象刀片一样，引喻为“（机会）稀少的，渺茫的”，多用来修饰chance.
His chance of winning the election was razor-thin.
strive, strove, striven, v, 努力要。。。尽力要。。。
The students strove to pass their upcoming tests by studying day and night.
be conscious of, 意识到。。。realize,Only in the 20th century have people become conscious of the fragility of nature and thus started to conserve⁵² resources.
直到20世纪人们才意识到大自然的脆弱，因而开始节约自然资源。