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专业术语—口腔生理学术语C2(英文详解)

时间：2006-06-21 16:00:00

（单词翻译:单击）

    Cemento-enamel1 junction2- the junction between the enamel covering the crown of the tooth and the cementum covering its root. Often referred to as the CEJ.

    Cementoblasts - cells of mesenchyme origin, induced by proteins from cells of ectodermal origin, to form a layer of cementum around the roots of teeth.

    Cementum - a thin layer of bone-like material covering the roots of teeth and sometimes the enamel surface, containing both extrinsic3 and intrinsic fibres.

    Central nervous system - the brain and spinal4 cord. The nerves which leave the spinal cord and brain comprise the peripheral5 nervous system.

    Chemotaxis - the movement of cells in response to chemical messengers. The movement of neutrophils and macrophages into damaged tissues is brought about by signals released by damaged tissues, and bacterial6 products.. The term applies to the movement of any organism attracted by a specific chemical, which may be a suitable nutrient7.

    Cholinergice - cell receptors specific for the neurotransmitter acetyl choline. Cholinergic receptors are found at neuromuscular junctions8 of muscle fibres and at all the synaptic junctions of the parasympathetic nervous system. They are also found at the pre- ganglionic synapse9 of the sympathetic nervous system.

    Chondroitin sulphate - the major glycosaminoglycan of cartilage , the other being keratan sulphate.

    Chromosomes11 - structures in the nucleus12 of a cell which appear visible during cell division. Each chromosome10 (humans have 24) is a tightly coiled string of DNA13 wound round a protein.

    Clearance14 - the removal by swallowing, of substance in the mouth. Clearance is dependent on the completeness of swallowing and the rate of flow of saliva15.

    Clones - a family of cells, or organisms, which are all identical to a single parent. They are produced by asexual reproduction. When a B lymphocytes has recognised a foreign antigen, it provides millions of identical daughter cells in order to produce the specific antibodies in large quantities.

    Clotting - see blood clotting


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1 enamel jZ4zF     
n.珐琅，搪瓷，瓷釉；(牙齿的)珐琅质
参考例句：
  • I chipped the enamel on my front tooth when I fell over.我跌倒时门牙的珐琅质碰碎了。
  • He collected coloured enamel bowls from Yugoslavia.他藏有来自南斯拉夫的彩色搪瓷碗。
2 junction N34xH     
n.连接，接合；交叉点，接合处，枢纽站
参考例句：
  • There's a bridge at the junction of the two rivers.两河的汇合处有座桥。
  • You must give way when you come to this junction.你到了这个路口必须让路。
3 extrinsic ulJyo     
adj.外部的；不紧要的
参考例句：
  • Nowadays there are more extrinsic pressures to get married.现在来自外部的结婚压力多了。
  • The question is extrinsic to our discussion.这个问题和我们的讨论无关。
4 spinal KFczS     
adj.针的，尖刺的，尖刺状突起的；adj.脊骨的，脊髓的
参考例句：
  • After three days in Japan,the spinal column becomes extraordinarily flexible.在日本三天，就已经使脊椎骨变得富有弹性了。
  • Your spinal column is made up of 24 movable vertebrae.你的脊柱由24个活动的脊椎骨构成。
5 peripheral t3Oz5     
adj.周边的，外围的
参考例句：
  • We dealt with the peripheral aspects of a cost reduction program.我们谈到了降低成本计划的一些外围问题。
  • The hotel provides the clerk the service and the peripheral traveling consultation.旅舍提供票务服务和周边旅游咨询。
6 bacterial dy5z8q     
a.细菌的
参考例句：
  • Bacterial reproduction is accelerated in weightless space. 在失重的空间，细菌繁殖加快了。
  • Brain lesions can be caused by bacterial infections. 大脑损伤可能由细菌感染引起。
7 nutrient 3vpye     
adj.营养的，滋养的；n.营养物，营养品
参考例句：
  • Magnesium is the nutrient element in plant growth.镁是植物生长的营养要素。
  • The roots transmit moisture and nutrient to the trunk and branches.根将水分和养料输送到干和枝。
8 junctions 8d6818d120fa2726af259fc9dc6c7c61     
联结点( junction的名词复数 )； 会合点； （公路或铁路的）交叉路口； （电缆等的）主结点
参考例句：
  • Metals which were mutually soluble would tend to give strong junctions. 可互溶的金属趋向于产生牢固的结合点。
  • Some adhering junctions are present as narrow bands connecting two cells. 有些粘附连接以一窄带的形式连接两个细胞。
9 synapse 3HrzM     
n.突触
参考例句：
  • The chemical floods the synapse, overwhelming the serotonin receptors.这种化学物质湮没了突触，覆盖了5--羟色胺的受体。
  • Ecstasy also keeps serotonin from being reabsorbed,further increasing the concentration in the synapse.毒品引起的狂迷还能阻止5--羟色胺的再吸收，进一步增加了突触内5--羟色胺的浓度。
10 chromosome 7rUzX     
n.染色体
参考例句：
  • Chromosome material with exhibits of such behaviour is called heterochromatin.表现这种现象的染色体物质叫做异染色质。
  • A segment of the chromosome may become lost,resulting in a deletion.染色体的一个片段可能会丢失，结果产生染色体的缺失。
11 chromosomes 11783d79c0016b60332bbf1856b3f77d     
n.染色体( chromosome的名词复数 )
参考例句：
  • Chromosomes also determine the sex of animals. 染色体也决定动物的性别。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Each of four chromosomes divide longitudinally. 四种染色体的每一种都沿着纵向分裂。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
12 nucleus avSyg     
n.核，核心，原子核
参考例句：
  • These young people formed the nucleus of the club.这些年轻人成了俱乐部的核心。
  • These councils would form the nucleus of a future regime.这些委员会将成为一个未来政权的核心。
13 DNA 4u3z1l     
(缩)deoxyribonucleic acid 脱氧核糖核酸
参考例句：
  • DNA is stored in the nucleus of a cell.脱氧核糖核酸储存于细胞的细胞核里。
  • Gene mutations are alterations in the DNA code.基因突变是指DNA密码的改变。
14 clearance swFzGa     
n.净空；许可(证)；清算；清除，清理
参考例句：
  • There was a clearance of only ten centimetres between the two walls.两堵墙之间只有十厘米的空隙。
  • The ship sailed as soon as it got clearance. 那艘船一办好离港手续立刻启航了。
15 saliva 6Cdz0     
n.唾液，口水
参考例句：
  • He wiped a dribble of saliva from his chin.他擦掉了下巴上的几滴口水。
  • Saliva dribbled from the baby's mouth.唾液从婴儿的嘴里流了出来。