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英语听力：探索发现 2012-11-21 美洲大平原 American Serengeti—11

时间：2014-01-26 03:53:03

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（单词翻译）

 In a Colorado gully, hunters carried out a mammoth1 massacre2, leaving behind the remains3 of at least 16 animals. The site recreated here contains a treasure trove4 of evidence relating to the mammoth's daily life. Again by comparing mammoth bones to elephant's, we can calculate the sex and age of all the animals that died here, and deduce the make-up of a Columbian mammoth herd5. 

 
These are the bones of juveniles6, up to around 14 years old, both males and females. Several adults lied here, too, all females, including one huge specimen7, at least 40 years old. This range of age and sex exactly matches that of a modern-day African elephant herd. An older matriarch, the leader of the herd, is accompanied by her daughters and other female relatives. And they in turn are with their young, both male and female. 
 
But where were the adult males when this herd was destroyed? A unique clue to their lives was uncovered in Nebraska. Recreated here are the skulls8 of two gigantic males that died with their tusks9 interlocked. How could this have happened? Again our best bet is to look at elephant society. During the breeding season, sexually mature bull elephants fight for access to the female herds10. The tangled11 tusks are direct evidence that mammoths were aggressive,too.

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1 mammoth u2wy8     
n.长毛象；adj.长毛象似的，巨大的
参考例句：
  • You can only undertake mammoth changes if the finances are there.资金到位的情况下方可进行重大变革。
  • Building the new railroad will be a mammoth job.修建那条新铁路将是一项巨大工程。
2 massacre i71zk     
n.残杀，大屠杀；v.残杀，集体屠杀
参考例句：
  • There was a terrible massacre of villagers here during the war.在战争中，这里的村民惨遭屠杀。
  • If we forget the massacre,the massacre will happen again!忘记了大屠杀，大屠杀就有可能再次发生！
3 remains 1kMzTy     
n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹
参考例句：
  • He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
  • The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。
4 trove 5pIyp     
n.被发现的东西，收藏的东西
参考例句：
  • He assembled a rich trove of Chinese porcelain.他收集了一批中国瓷器。
  • The gallery is a treasure trove of medieval art.这个画廊是中世纪艺术的宝库。
5 herd Pd8zb     
n.兽群，牧群；vt.使集中，把…赶在一起
参考例句：
  • She drove the herd of cattle through the wilderness.她赶着牛群穿过荒野。
  • He had no opinions of his own but simply follow the herd.他从无主见，只是人云亦云。
6 juveniles 257c9101f917ec8748aa5fc520c6a9e3     
n.青少年( juvenile的名词复数 )；扮演少年角色的演员；未成年人
参考例句：
  • Do you think that punishment for violent crimes should be the same for juveniles and adults? 你对暴力犯罪的惩罚对于青少年和成人应一样吗？ 来自生活英语口语25天快训
  • Juveniles Should we not exactly in need of such strength and conviction? 少年的我们难道不正是需要这种力量和信念吗？ 来自互联网
7 specimen Xvtwm     
n.样本，标本
参考例句：
  • You'll need tweezers to hold up the specimen.你要用镊子来夹这标本。
  • This specimen is richly variegated in colour.这件标本上有很多颜色。
8 skulls d44073bc27628272fdd5bac11adb1ab5     
颅骨( skull的名词复数 )； 脑袋； 脑子； 脑瓜
参考例句：
  • One of the women's skulls found exceeds in capacity that of the average man of today. 现已发现的女性颅骨中，其中有一个的脑容量超过了今天的普通男子。
  • We could make a whole plain white with skulls in the moonlight! 我们便能令月光下的平原变白，遍布白色的骷髅！
9 tusks d5d7831c760a0f8d3440bcb966006e8c     
n.（象等动物的）长牙( tusk的名词复数 )；獠牙；尖形物；尖头
参考例句：
  • The elephants are poached for their tusks. 为获取象牙而偷猎大象。
  • Elephant tusks, monkey tails and salt were used in some parts of Africa. 非洲的一些地区则使用象牙、猴尾和盐。 来自英语晨读30分（高一）
10 herds 0a162615f6eafc3312659a54a8cdac0f     
兽群( herd的名词复数 )； 牧群； 人群； 群众
参考例句：
  • Regularly at daybreak they drive their herds to the pasture. 每天天一亮他们就把牲畜赶到草场上去。
  • There we saw herds of cows grazing on the pasture. 我们在那里看到一群群的牛在草地上吃草。
11 tangled e487ee1bc1477d6c2828d91e94c01c6e     
adj. 纠缠的，紊乱的 动词tangle的过去式和过去分词
参考例句：
  • Your hair's so tangled that I can't comb it. 你的头发太乱了，我梳不动。
  • A movement caught his eye in the tangled undergrowth. 乱灌木丛里的晃动引起了他的注意。

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