Listen this way听力教程第二册-5

（单词翻译）

Unit 5    Going to School (Ⅱ)

Part Ⅰ  Getting ready
Reading is an activity characterized by the translation of symbols, or letters, into words and sentences that have meaning to the individual. The ultimate goal of reading is to be able to understand written material, to evaluate it, and to use it for one's needs. Mature readers bring to the text their experiences, abilities, and interests; the text, in turn, allows them to expand those experiences and abilities and to find new interests.
 
A  The following words and phrase will appear in this unit. Listen carefully and study the definitions.
   1. receptive; willing to consider new ideas
   2. intrigue¹: interest greatly, especially because strange, mysterious, or unexpected
   3. elementary: concerning the first and most simple part of something
   4. course: a set of lessons or studies
   5. freshman²: a student in the first year at college or university
   6. objective: an aim, especially one that must be worked towards over a long period
   7. revision: the work of studying again lessons already learnt
   8. literature: written works which are of artistic³ value
   9. regulate: make work at a certain speed
  10. small hours: the early morning hours just after midnight
 
   you are going to hear several dialogues describing problems in reading English.

B  Listen carefully and complete the following chart with all the problems and advice mentioned.
    Problem                        Advice
   1. _______too much on_________    1. Try to read a text without using a
                   ________________the____________time
                   you read it.
   2. Can't find the____________in   2. ___________________quickly first to
      an______________or a_______. get an idea of____________________,
                   and don't__________________.
   3. Not______if the writer is      3. Read_________________possible.
      being_______ or not.  

   4. Read too________________.      4. Set yourself a _________________and
                   try to read___________________you can
                   within the______________.
Part Ⅱ  How to write well?
Writing is a method of human intercommunication. Writing can be achieved in either limited or full systems. Limited systems are used for purposes such as keeping accounts, recalling significant facts and conveying general meanings. Such systems are characterized by a high degree of ambiguity⁴. Full systems are capable of expressing un-ambiguously any concept that can be formulated⁵ in language.
 
A  You are going to hear a monologue⁶ on how to write well. While listening for the first time, add more key words in the left-hand column; after the second listening, answer the questions.
   Questions
   1.The human brain is divided into two parts according to the speaker. What are they?
   __________________________________________________
   2.Which part of the brain does a successful writer use to write a story?
   __________________________________________________
   3.What are the major things necessary to make up a story according to the speaker?
    __________________________________________________
   4. According to the speaker, a successful writer is usually in the habit of doing all the following except
      A) wanting to become one of the characters he/she creates.
      B) sitting quietly and waiting for a story to come to him.
      C) imaging himself/herself living in the setting of his/her story.
      D) drinking and smoking while writing to seek inspiration.
 
B Listen to the monologue again. Complete the following procedure on how to write a good story with the help of the above notes.
 
   Imagine that you are a_________
    ________.
                                       Sit quietly while your mind_______
                                       over the._________
   Be_________to the______________
    that emerge.                   
                                        Write about the first_______________
                                        you have chosen.

   Sit quietly in the place that your
   ______________________ has chosen. 
                                        Wait for a ____________to approach
                                        you.
    
   
   Sit on the ____________of the scene.  
                    _________,_________,_______and
                                         record what happens before your
                                         eyes.
   
   Become one of the_______________and  
   feel what happens from a particu-
   lar______________________________.  
                                         Become one of the other char-
                                         acters and_______________ from
                                         that person's_______________.
   Find your own way into the_____
   in whatever way your right brain
   ________to you.
                                         Begin to___________your story and
                                         let the story________as you write.

Part Ⅲ    Visiting Britain
Programs through which people visit foreign countries to further their study or training, to teach, or to perform if they are artists or athletes are called exchange programs. All over the world, numerous educational, industrial, public, and private organizations take part in and conduct such programs. Among these are the British Council and the Institute of International Education in America.
 
A  You are going to hear an interview in which someone gives advice to foreign students who want to study in Britain. While listening for the first time, add more key words in the left-hand column. After the second listening, answer the questions.
   Questions
   1. If you go to a British Council office abroad and ask them about courses in Britain, which of the following can you expect them to do?
      1) Give you a list of courses and some general advice.
      2) Give you detailed⁷ advice on which course to choose.
      3) Register you for the course you choose.
   2. The speaker mentions two things a student can do himself to make sure he goes on a course that suits him. What are they?
      1) ___________________________________
      2) ___________________________________
   3. The speaker mentions three kinds of schools that offer courses for foreign students. What are they?
      1) ________________________________________________________      
      2) ___________________________________
      3) ____________________________________
   4. Why is it a good idea to stay with an English family?
      It's the best way to ____________________.
   5. Why should you choose your family carefully?
      Otherwise you might find yourself with a family who ________________ or who _________________.
   6. Why is it a good idea to bring
      1) a raincoat?
         In case _______________________________.
      2) one or two pullovers?
         In case _______________________________.
      3) travelers' cheques?
         In case _______________________________.

B  Now try this: listen to a more authentic⁸ version of the interview. Complete the following sentences with the help of the above notes.
   1. There are a variety of courses from____________ right down to.________________. and perhaps one of the best ways of_______________about them is first of all to go to your local___________________office.

   2. ...basically I think the foreign student has to______________for himself by writing to_____________________that he might get from the British Council

   3....as far as_______________is concerned, it's a good idea to stay if possible in an_________________.

   4.As much you learn______________in Britain, you still need the experience of practicing English in a _____________________________, and staying with an English family is______________________the best way of__________________ that kind of practice.

   5....as for choosing a school, it's important to get a____________________ try and find a family that one of your friends has already _______________or that you're______________________or that somebody has ______________.

Part Ⅳ　More about the topic: Personal Aims and Values
Values, in ethics⁹, means standards or qualities considered worthwhile and desirable. University students are usually considered to be God's favored ones. Their academic studies will directly influence their future career. Besides academic studies, their personal aims and values in life are as important or more.

The following short passage is about a "Freshman Report" given by the American Council on personal aims and values. Supply the missing words while listening.
    
   To many researchers the most interesting part of the American Council's "Freshman Report" is the one that shows what these students said about their__________and ___________in life. Each student was asked to "________________the importance to him ___________of each of the following":
   Becoming _____________ in one of the performing arts (acting, dancing, etc.)
   Becoming an _________________ in my field
   __________________ the political structure
   _________________ other people's social values
   _________________ a family
   Having an ________________ social life (going to parties, etc.)
   Having friends with different __________________________ from mine
   Having ______________________________ for the work of others
   Becoming ________________________
   Helping¹⁰ others who are in _________________________
   Making a ________________________ to science
   Writing _________________ works (poems, stories, etc.)
   Never _________________ anything to anyone
   ____________________ artistic works (painting, music, etc.)
   Keeping up-to-date with _________________________ affairs
   Being _____________________________ in a business of my own
   Helping in programs to clean up the ____________________________
   Developing a good ___________________ of life
   Helping with a ________________ action program
   Getting ____________ within the next five years
   Seven of the above were rated "__________________" by more than half of the
   young men and women. Each of the ________ appears below with the __________ of
   freshmen¹¹ who considered it important.
   _____________ with political affairs              ____
   Having an active _________________                 ____
   Being an authority in my __________               ____
   Having _____________ different from me              ____
   Raising a _____________                            ____
   _________ others in difficulty                     ____
   ____________ a philosophy of life                  ____
   It is interesting to note which _______________ were not rated very important by large numbers of these_____________________college students. There was no strong ___________ to become rich, or to be successful in ____________, or to ________ others what to do. Helping to _____________ the environment came close to being included in the list; it was _______________ very important by _______ of the students. Above all, however, the students indicated a ___________ for helping others and for ________________ how life should be lived.

Part Ⅴ  Memory test: Study Habits
Habit is an act acquired by experience and performed regularly and automatically. Habits include mannerisms, such as moving the hands when talking; satisfying psychological cravings such as smoking or overeating; and even characteristic reading preferences, such as that for Shakespearean tragedies. Do you know your study habit?

You are going to hear two teachers in a staffroom discussing how they used to study when they were at the university. Draw two flow-diagrams to show their study habits.
         WOMAN                             MAN
   ________________ incredibly early.      _____________ fairly early, around 
                                           _____________
   _____________ a bit.
                      Have_____________________________
   
   Have_________________            Get himself______________________ 
   
   ________________a bit.                  Work solidly for__________________
                                           without________________.   
   Do______________,etc.
   
   Have lunch.  
   
   Have_________in the afternoon.
   
   Have _________ 
   
Part Ⅵ Reminder of key points in this unit
           Verb & Verb Phrase   Noun & Noun Phrase   Other
   Part Ⅰ look up in rely on consultant business management 
    copy out         sense of humor 
    set a limit         speed reading 
   Part Ⅱ imagine         setting               receptive
    consult         character             specific
    wander         story-line            particular
    emerge         plot 
    approach         image 
    proceed         location 
    intrigue         edge 
           unfold               point of view
                                perspective
                                script
   Part Ⅲ work out             course                 advanced
           make a selection     variety                elementary
           collect              British Council        various
           accept               register               overseas
           concern              alternative            basically
           acquire              accommodation          in case
           get on with          recommendation
           get thrown out       pullover
                                risk
   Part Ⅳ indicate             American Council        original
           influence            freshman                up-to-date
           make contribution    performing art
           owe                  political structure
           rate                 social value
           consider             responsibility
                                environment
                                philosoph
                                community
                                desire
                                concern
   Part Ⅴ revise               revision technique        amazingly
           share with           rock music                opposite
           potter about         small hours               incredibly
           have fun             brunch                    solid(ly)
           regulate             literature                unpleasant
           re-read                                        sensible
           select                                         classical
           plough through                                 regardless