Listen this way听力教程第二册-8

（单词翻译）

Unit 8  Choice Versus¹ Chance

Part Ⅰ  Getting ready
Anyone who works regularly has a vocation². Making a choice, however, offers the opportunity to have a vocation that is satisfying and rewarding. The alternative is a job that is a matter of chance, depending only on what can be found easily. Leaving the choice to chance generally proves unsatisfactory and leads to boredom³ with work and difficulty in performing the job well.

A  The following words and phrases will appear in this unit. Listen carefully and study the definitions.
   1. career: the general course of a person's working life
   2. make a fortune: earn a great amount of money, possessions, etc.
   3. torture: severe pain or suffering caused in the mind or body
   4. shift: a group of workers who take turns with one or more other groups
   5. aptitude⁴: natural ability or skill, especially in learning
   6. team work: the ability of a group of people to work together effectively; (work done through) combined effort
   7. client: a person who buys goods or services
   8. survey: a general examination or study (of conditions, opinions, etc.), especially carried out by asking people questions
   9. cross-section; a part or group that is typical or representative of the whole 10. brainstorm⁵: have a sudden clever idea

B  A new friend of yours is telling you about his career. Listen carefully. Rearrange the following events in the order of time, and then complete the following flow diagram.
   A. Go to university
   B. Leave school
   C. Become a teacher
   D. Go into the army
   E. Look for anew job
   F. Work as a clerk in a small office
   G. Finish the university course

   at 18  ->from 18 to 20  ->at 20  ->at 25  ->at 29   ->after graduation   ->now
   _____    _____________    _____    _____    _____     ________________     ___
 
Part Ⅱ  Summer jobs
The knowledge of the world of work will be very helpful for a student's future career. Ignorance of the many ways in which people earn a living has been a great deterrent⁶ to freedom of occupational choice. To solve this problem, many students find holiday jobs to gain actual work experience as part of their educational preparation.

A  You are going to hear an interview with some students who are doing holiday jobs in Brighton. While listening for the first time, add more key words in the left-hand column. After the second listening, answer the questions.
   Questions
   1. Where have the following people been working?
      a. Christine: ________________
      b. Kevin: ____________________
      c. Kevin's brother: __________
   2. How much has Christine earned?
   3. In which part of the day has Christine been working mostly?
   4. What has Christine done in the hotel?
   5. Which of these statements about Christine are true and which are false?
      (   ) a. The most enjoyable part of being in Brighton for her has been the job.
      (   ) b. She has had free meals and accommodation.
      (   ) c. She has made a fortune in Brighton.
      (   ) d. She hasn't spent much money.
      (   ) e. She has been working as a waitress some of the time.
      (   ) f. She finds Brighton an interesting place.
   6. Kevin's been doing two different kinds of work. What are they?
   7. What was Kevin's main reason for coming to Brighton?
   8. What has Kevin's brother done in Italy?
   9. Why is Kevin's brother particularly lucky?

B  Now listen to the interview again. Write in the missing words with the help of the above notes.
   Interviewer: And have you been _________ it? Or has it been rather _________?
   Christine:   No, it hasn't been _______. I've found it _________ here, in fact. Not so much _________, but ________ I've got to know and _________ I've made, and I've managed to do lots of things in my __________ too. It's a ____________, so there's been quite a lot ________ in the evenings-you know, _______, ________, ________, and so on-and on my ________ I've been doing quite a bit of _________.
 
Part Ⅲ  Jobs: my idea of hell, my idea of heaven
Job satisfaction in employees is extremely difficult to measure. Tasks that bore some people interest others and some people will work hard even though they are dissatisfied with their work (for example, to earn more money). Levels of punctuality, rates of absenteeism, and the rate of labour turnover⁷ are perhaps the best indicators⁸ to measure job satisfaction.

A  You are going to hear three people describing the jobs they would hate to do. While listening for the first time, add more key words in the left-hand column. After the second listening, tick the places that they consider as hells in the right-
 
   Places that offer job vacancies⁹
   an abattoir¹⁰ (屠宰场)        an AIDS clinic
   a factory                   a nuclear power station
   a casino (赌场)             a university
   a chicken battery (层架式鸡笼)
 
B  Now listen to the same three people describing the jobs they would really like to have. While listening for the first time, add more key words in the left-hand column. After the second listening, write down their ideal jobs in the right-hand column.
   Ideal Jobs
   First speaker:  _________________________________
   Second speaker: _________________________________
   Third speaker: __________________________________

C  Now try this: listen to some more authentic¹¹ versions of the monologues¹². Pay close attention to the reasons given by each speaker. Complete the following chart with the help of the above notes.

          Reasons given for jobs        Reasons given for
                 undesirable                   jobs desirable
   1st speaker  It would be too repetitive.   I'm paid a lot of ________.  
                 It would drive me ________.   I can _________ and see ___
                                               ______________.
   2nd speaker  It would be so                The New York Mets is the___
                 It would be too much ______   ________ in the world.
                 __________ for me. 
   3rd speaker  I could be _____________ of   I can have an opportunity to
          doing it.                     _____________.
                 It would be like a form of    I can be __________ and work
   _________.                    on my ________.
  
Part Ⅳ  More about the topic: Occupational Outlook
The availability of occupations depends on shifts in the national economy and increasingly on economic developments worldwide. There are several ways to measure their effects, including the rate of unemployment, the international balance of trade, and the productivity of workers.

The following short passage is about the occupational outlook in America. Supply the missing words while listening.

   For many people their lifework, or ________, is a matter of _________ rather than ________.
   Yet there is great variety in the world of work. The task of _________ the right  work from the thousands of available choices takes ____________. Individuals need to know many things about themselves and many things about ______________________. After they have this information in hand, the ____________ of the work can be matched against the _________ and potential qualifications of each individual, and a choice can be made. This procedure requires ______, ______, and _____, but the _______ are great.
   There are several ________ to be considered when choosing a vocation: aptitudes¹³, ______, education and ________, wages and ________, and physical demands. Each is __________ to making a good vocational choice.
   Based on the Occupational Outlook Handbook, some American occupations are expected to _______ in the future and others are likes to __________ sharply. Changes are related to the Unites States __________. The occupational areas expected to be in greatest _____________ will be in response to __________ predicted in American society for the coming years. The following occupations are expected to have the fastest growth:
   ___________(会计师) and auditors¹⁴ (审计师);
   Actuaries(保险精算师);
   Computer _________, operators and technicians;
   Corrections ________ (管教罪犯的警官)；
   Electrical and electronic _________ and technicians;
   ___________ and legal assistants;
   __________ practitioners¹⁵ (开业医生) and managers;
   __________ specialists;
   Securities and ________ analysts¹⁶;
   __________ programmers;
   Travel __________.
   Occupational areas expected to decline include jobs that require _________ skills, those that do not _________ computers or other technologies, and those that are unable to _______ to changes in society. This does not mean that there will be no jobs in these areas-simply fewer _____________ and fewer _________. They include:
   ________ and meat cutters;
   Industrial truck and trailer (拖车) __________；
   ______________ carriers and postal¹⁷ clerks;
   Statistical¹⁸ ________________;
   Stenographers (速记员)
   Telephone _________ and repairers.

Part  Ⅴ   Memory test: My Line of Work
You are going to hear three people describing the work they do. Listen carefully, and decide what each job is. Make notes of the aspects of their jobs the speakers like and dislike.

         Job    Likes           Dislikes
   1st speaker  _________  ______________  _________________    
   2nd speaker  _________  ______________  _________________   
   3rd speaker _________  ______________  _________________   

part Ⅵ    Reminder¹⁹ of key points in this unit
           Verb & Verb Phrase   Noun & Noun Phrase  Other
   Part Ⅰ criticize         career      unemployed²⁰
    stay in         economy      increasingly
    gather         location     various
    remain at home aspect  
    community
   Part Ⅱ make fortune         accommodation     boring
    plus                 bowling      obviously
    peel                 sunbathing     reasonable
    hire out         suntan              fantastic
                                courier  
   Part Ⅲ melt down         abattoir     day in and day out
    be capable of nuclear power station  mad
    comprehend         casino      revolting
    pinpoint         AIDS clinic     self-explanatory
    beat          boredom             sane²¹
    work on one's own responsibility     independent
    chicken battery     amongst
    night shift 
    torture 
    archaeologist 
    anthropologist 
    third baseman 
    photographer    
                                contact 
   Part Ⅳ select  requirement     available
    have sth. in hand reward             vocational
    match  factor             present
    consider  aptitude     potential
    expect decline accountant     essential
    relate  auditor             sharply
    be in response to actuary             electrical
    predict  programmer     electronic
    rely on  technician     legal
    respond to  medical practitioner  financial
    public-relations    manual
    specialist     industrial
    security     postal
    analyst             statistical
                          stenographer 
    installer 
   Part Ⅴ stick behind  client             beforehand
    deal with  viewing             impersonal
    handle  readership figure   varied
    build up  survey             creative
    admit  cross-section     in hell of
    persuade  brainstorming session expensive
    count  team work     tremendously
    dry up  campaign     tedious
    get the sack  drawback 
    bother  front man / woman 
    move on  character 
    overload  grapevine 
    battle-ax