新概念英语第二册lesson 32 shopping made easy

（单词翻译）

Lesson 32:shopping made easy
     购物变得很方便

    First listen and then answer the question.
    听录音，然后回答以下问题。
    Who was the thief?

    People are not so honest as they once were. The temptation¹ to steal is greater than ever before -- especially in large shops. A detective recently watched a well-dressed woman who always went into a large store on Monday mornings. One Monday, there were fewer people in the shop than usual when the woman came in, so it was easier for the detective to watch her. The woman first bought a few small articles. After a little time, she chose one of the most expensive dresses in the shop and handed it to an assistant who wrapped³ it up for her as quickly as possible. Then the woman simply took the parcel⁴ and walked out of the shop without paying. When she was arrested, the detective found out that the shop assistant was her daughter. The girl 'gave' her mother a free dress once a week!

New words and expressions 生词和短语

once  adv. 曾经，以前
temptation  n. 诱惑
article  n. 物品，东西
wrap²  v. 包裹
simply  adv. 仅仅
arrest  v. 逮捕

参考译文

人们不再像以前那样诚实了。偷窃的诱惑力比以往任何时候都更强烈 -- 特别是在大的商店里。一名侦探最近注意上了一位穿着讲究的妇女，她总是在星期一上午进入一家大商场。有一个星期一，当这位妇女走进这家商场时，里面的人比往常少，因此，侦探比较容易监视她。这位妇女先是买了几样小商品。过了一会儿，她又选了商场里最昂贵的一件衣服，把它递给了售货员。那售货员以最快的速度为她包好了衣服。然后，那妇女拿过包就走出了商场，根本没有付钱。她被逮捕后。侦探发现原来那售货员是她的女儿。那姑娘每星期“送”她母亲一件免费的衣服！
 

新概念英语正版图书购买

　　自学导读
1．People are not so honest as they once were. 人们不再像以前那样诚实了。
（1）“not so + 形容词+ as”引导的是比较状语从句，表示较低的程度，通常译为“不如……那样……”。（cf．本课语法）
（2）once表示“以前”、“曾经”时只能与动词的过去式连用：
He once worked at a large company.
他曾经在一家大公司工作过。
2．The temptation to steal is greater than ever before…偷窃的诱惑力比以往任何时候都更强烈……
（1）不定式 to steal为 temptation的定语，说明是什么样的诱惑。
to引导不定式和to作为介词的区别很大：
The temptation to smoke is strong for him.
对他来说吸烟有很强的诱惑力。（to smoke为不定式）
The cake on the table is a great temptation to the child.
桌上的蛋糕对那孩子是个极大的诱惑。（to the child为介词短语）
（2）ever用于表示比较的从句中时意义为“曾经”、“以往任何时候”。在这句话中，省略的成分比较多，与ever before相比的是隐含的时间now，从句中省略成分为 it was（在 ever之前）。大多数含有比较状语从句的句子都可以省略句中的成分。
3．on Monday mornings，在星期一上午。
morning用复数形式是表示经常性的情况，它前面有修饰词Monday，所以介词要用on。
4．One Monday, there were fewer people in the shop than usual when the woman came in, so it was easier for the detective to watch her. 有一个星期一，当这位妇女走进这家商场时，里面的人比往常少，因此，侦探比较容易监视她。
（1）one在此处表示“某一个”，不能用a 代替。
（2）这个句子较长，there were引导的是主句，when引导的是它的时间状语从句，so引导的是结果状语从句，在主句和结果状语从句中又分别隐含比较状语从句。在结果状语从句中，it为先行词，真正的主语是不定式短语for the detective to watch her。不定式短语往往较长，作主语时通常要用先行词it作为形式主语：
It is easy for you to help me.
你帮助我是很容易的。
5．as quickly as possible，以最快的速度。
as…as possible为固定短语，表示“尽可能”：
He went home as soon as possible.
他尽快回了家。
I have sent you as many books as possible.
我已经把书尽可能多地给你送来了。
6．Then the woman simply took the parcel and walked out of the shop without paying. 然后，那妇女拿过包就走出了商场，根本没有付钱。
simply表示“仅仅”、“只”，有加强语气的作用。连词and表示动作的连续，相当于 and then。withoug paying可以当成是整个句子的方式状语，即那妇女没有，……就……paying为动名词。
7．The girl‘gave’her mother a free dress once a week! 那姑娘每星期“送”她母亲一件免费的衣服！
（1） gave加引号，表示姑娘不是真正给，而是偷。
（2） free在这里的含义为“免费的”、“不要钱的”：
Children under five years old travel free.
5岁以下儿童免费旅行。
Tom gave me two free tickets.
汤姆给了我两张免费的票。
（3）“once a+ 表示时间的名词”可以表示频率：
He comes to the office once a day.
他每天来办公室一次。
Frank⁵ writes to his mother once a month.
弗兰克每个月给他母亲写一次信。

　　语法 Grammar in use
1．比较状语从句
在第8课的语法中，我们学习了形容词和副词的比较级和最高级。在比较级的用法中，实际上我们已接触到比较状语从句：
I know him better than you do.
我比你了解他。（than后面为比较状语从句）
比较状语从句含有或暗含有“与……相比”的意思。除了than…或 more… than…
这种结构外，它还包括 as+形容词/副词+as…, not so/as… as…, less… than…等结构。当句子里两个动词相同、时态也一样时，则第2个动词可以省略，比较从句就成了含蓄的从句。如果对比的东西很明显，那么为了避免重复，从句中有些成分、甚至整个从句都可以省略，因此这类句子往往不完整。比较完整的句子读起来要正规些：
2．little 和few的用法
little和 a little 与不可数名词一起使用。 little表示否定，有“几乎一点儿也没有”的含义，在口语中我们常用 not much：
a little 表示肯定，具有some的含义：
few和 a few 与复数可数名词连用。 few表示否定，与 little 相
似，在口语中我们多用not many; a few与a little 相似，有some 的含义：
little的比较级为less，few的比较级为fewer：

　　词汇学习 Word study
1．arrest
（1）vt．逮捕，扣留：
The police have already arrested the thief.
警方已逮捕了那小偷。
When she was arrested, she refused to say anything.
她被捕以后，拒不说话。
（2）vt．吸引（注意等）：
The beauty of the woods arrested the tourists.
树林的美丽景色吸引了游客。
He was arrested by her words.
她的话吸引了他。
（3）n．逮捕，扣留：
Tony is under arrest now.
托尼现已被捕。
2．a与one
不定冠词a 的用法在第6课的语法中已经讲过，它通常用于表示不确定的人或事物以及第一次提到的人或事物：
I met a well-dressed woman this morning.
今天上午我遇见了一位穿着考究的妇女。
表示数量时，one比a 的语气要强：
It was one apple I ate, not two.
我吃了一个苹果，而不是两个。（不可用a）
There is a book and a pen on the desk.
书桌上有一本书和一枝笔。
I read only one book this week.
这星期我只读了一本书。（不可用a代替）
不表示强调时，a和one有时可以互换：
She will come home in a/one week's time.
她一周以后就会回家。
叙述故事时常将one+ 表示时间的名词用于句首，而不用a：
One day, a policeman came to his house.
有一天，一个警察来到了他家。
One Monday, he went to the office as usual.
一个星期一，他像往常一样去了办公室。

　　练习答案 Key to written exercises
1．关键句型练习答案
A People are not so honest as they once were(1.1); The temptation…is greater than ever before(11.1-2); there werefewer people…than usual (11.4-5); it was easier…to watch her (11.5-6); one of the most expensive dresses (11.7-8); wrapped it… as quickly as possible (11.8-9)
2．难点练习答案
One day…a postcard…an excursion…one thing…a fax… a form… a fax of one word…
3．多项选择题答案
1 c  2 c  3 c  4 b  5 b  6 c
7 a  8 d  9 a  10 d  11 b  12 c

　　【New words and expressions】 生词和短语
★once　adv. 曾经，以前
long long ago
I visit my mother once a month.
once 连接从句：表示“一旦”
Once you leave my company,you must return the house.
★temptation　n. 诱惑
temptation to + 动词原形
temptation to do sth.
temptation to steal
resist⁶ the temptation to do
I can't resist the temptation to laugh.
★article　n. 物品，东西
This is a good article. 文章
article /thing
article 强调的是商店里的一个一个的东西，是可数名词
thing 指任何的东西
cargo⁷
goods
★wrap　v. 包裹
Please wrap them (up) for me.
pack
I will take/have/get it
★simply　adv. 仅仅
simply :only/just
★arrest　v. 逮捕
arrest the criminal⁸
arrest one's attention 吸引某人的注意力
The criminal was arrested.
sb.be under arrest.
cortrol/under cortrol

　　【课文讲解】
make：1.制造
2.使。。。怎么样
make the room clean
make shopping easy
Shopping be made easy. （句子）
not so ...as...　表示比较
as...as...　 和...一样
as + adj./adv.+ as + 比较对象
as quickly as possible
He is as tall as I.
This case is as light as that one.
It is as heavy as that one.
as...as...的否定形式是not so...as.../not as...as...
It is not as heavy as that one. 这个东西不如那个东西重
I am not as tall as you
I am taller that you./ You are not as tall as I.
less + 原级＝not as...as... /not so...as...
not so + 原级 +as...
I am not so lucky as those fishermen.
less + 原级 + than
I am less lucky than those fishermen.
there are 与 they were 在用不同的时态进行比较
You are beautiful./You were beautiful.
You are more beautiful than you were.
You look better.
You look better than you were.
It was my car.
Is this your car?
I think　想
I thought　原以为
You were worse.
You are better.
not as...as... 不如
要表现现在与过去比较，有两种方式：
1. 用时态表示　it is /it was; they are/ they were
2. 用短语　than ever before
People are not so honest as before.
under arrest
impulsion 冲动
adventure 冒险活动
watch　观察，监视，当心
watch the enemy
watch sth.　当心
well-done
well+ 动词的过去分词
design
well－designed
well-educated
as usual　象平常
than usual 比平常。。。
be动词＋形容词＋for sb.to do sth.
it 是形式主语
for sb. 中的sb.是逻辑主语
The teacher bought a lot of dresses to make her more beautiful.
out of politeness⁹
after a little time　过了一会儿
hand...to...　把。。递给　pass in　一个一个的传递
hand in 上交
wrap sth.up for sb.
as quickly as possible
she+chose+最高级+and(并列结构）+handed it to + 宾语 + 定语从句
find out
find/find out
find sth.　sth. 是看得见，摸得着的
I find the pen.
find out 后的宾语一般是抽象的
find out the truth
free　免费的
fee¹⁰ 交费
fee parking¹¹

Special difficulties】
A 强调的是后边的名词；One强调的是“一个”的意义
One / a/ an/ one/ a / a/ a/ one

Composition】
arrived at　come to
so　 saw　 and　stay　 either...or

Multiple choice】
7.　 most expensive　+地点，用in
+范围，表示所有的书（人）当中，用of
I have ever seen/done/heard
9.　article
4.　b
many　　not as（so)...as
12.
free　　　　 worthless¹²:不值钱的
something cost money
10。D
wrapped:包裹　　 envelope:信封
8. watch:look at