新概念英语第二册lesson 36 Across the Channel

（单词翻译）

Lesson 36: Across the Channel  横渡海峡

    First listen and then answer the question.
    听录音，然后回答以下问题。
    What is Debbie going to try to do?

    Debbie Hart is going to swim across the English Channel tomorrow. She is going to set out from the French coast at five o'clock in the morning. Debbie is only eleven years old and she hopes to set up a new world record. She is a strong swimmer and many people feel that she is sure to succeed. Debbie's father will set out with her in a small boat. Mr. Hart has trained his daughter for years. Tomorrow he will be watching her anxiously as she swims the long distance to England. Debbie intends to take short rests every two hours. She will have something to drink but she will not eat any solid² food. Most of Debbie's school friends will be waiting for her on the English coast. Among them will be Debbie's mother, who swam the Channel herself when she was a girl.

New words and expressions 生词和短语

record  n. 记录
strong  adj. 强壮的
swimmer  n. 游泳运动员
succeed  v. 成功
train  v. 训练
anxiously  adv. 焦急地
intend  v. 打算
solid  adj. 固体的，硬的

参考译文

    黛比.哈特准备明天横渡英吉利海峡。她打算早上5点钟从法国海岸出发。黛比只有11岁，她希望创一项新的世界纪录。她是一个游泳能手，很多人认为她一定能成功。黛比的父亲将乘一条小船同她一道出发。哈特先生训练她的女儿已经多年了，明天他将焦急地注视着女儿游过这段漫长的距离到达英国。黛比计划每两小时休息一下。她将喝些饮料，但不吃固体食物。黛比的大部分同学将在英国海岸等候她。他们当中还会有黛比的母亲，她本人还是个姑娘时，也曾横渡过英吉利海峡！   

新概念英语正版图书购买

　　自学导读
1．…she hopes to set up a new world record．……她希望创一项新的世界纪录。
set up 是个固定短语，它的含义之一为“创立”、“建立”，可以指某个具体的事物，如set up a school（创建一所学校），也可以指
抽象的，如某个机构、组织等。 a world record 常用于指体育方面的世界纪录。
2．…many people fee¹ that she is sure to succeed．……很多人认为她一定能成功。
（1） feel在此处为及物动词，表示“认为”、“相信”等：
Tom feels that he can pass the examination³.
汤姆认为他能通过这次考试。
My parents feel that they can believe in you.
我父母认为他们可以信赖你。
（2） sure在这里表示“一定会”、“必定会”，
后面通常跟带to的不定式：
Billy is sure to win the race.
比利一定会赢得这场比赛。
If you don't work hard, you are sure to fail in the next exam.
你如果不用功学习，下次考试肯定会不及格。
3．Tomorrow he will be watching her anxiously as she swims the long distance to England. 明天他将焦急地注视着女儿游过这段漫长的距离到达英国。
这句话中主句的时态为将来进行时（cf．第13课语法），时间状语从句表示的虽然也是将来的动作，但用的是一般现在时，再如：
I'll be meeting her at the station when she arrives tomorrow.
她明天到达时我将在车站接她。
When you come back to the village next year, you'll have a great surprise.
等明年你回村时，你会大吃一惊的。
4．Debbie intends to take short rests every two hours. 黛比计划每
两小时休息一下。
（1） rest作“休息”讲时，可以是可数名词，也可以是不可数名词：
Today is my day of rest.
今天是我的休息日。
After a long rest, he went on with his work.
在好好休息一下之后，他又继续工作了。
（2） every用在表示时间的名词之前时可译为“每”：
Debbie phones her mother every three days.
黛比每隔两天给她母亲打次电话。

　　语法 Grammar in use
将来时
going to和will 一样也常用来预言将发生的事。口语里经常用going to，
尤其指不久即将发生的事，但在正式的书面语中通常
用will而不用 going to。在非正式语体中，要表示意图、打算时，一般多用going to而不用will；going to 有时可以表示说话人也许对即将发生的事预先有所了解：
He has decided⁴ not to buy a house because he's going to leave the country soon.
他决定不买房子，因为他不久将离开这个国家。（可能预先有所了解）
They're going to be married soon.
他们不久将结婚。（表示预先有所了解）
如果表示说话时决定去做某事，或者表示建议、请求、肯定或不肯定等含义时，要用will而不用 going to：
Ask him again. Perhaps he'll change his mind.
再问他一次，也许他会改变主意。

　　词汇学习 Word study
1．watch, look at与 follow
look at 可以表示“仔细看”、“（留意）看”等含义，经常用于表示命令的句子：
Look at this card that John's just sent!
看约翰刚寄来的这张卡！
Look at this!
请看这个！
watch 表示“看”、“注视”、“注意看”
等，通常持续时间较长：
How long have you been watching the race?
这场比赛你看了多久了？
Do you have to watch me eating my supper?
你非得看我吃晚饭吗？
Tomorrow he will be watching her anxiously.
明天他将焦急地注视着她。
follow 通常指“跟随”这个动作：
The dog followed me all the way home.
在我回家的路上这只狗一直跟着我。
When she was a girl, she followed her sister everywhere.
她小的时候，
她姐姐走到哪儿她就跟到哪儿。
在特定的时候， follow也可以表示注视，
即用目光“跟随”：
Have you ever seen a cat follow/ watch a bird's every movement?
你有没有见过猫注视鸟的一举一动？
2．solid, firm与 stable⁵
（1）形容词 solid的含义之一是“固体的”（相对于液体的、气体的而言）：
She will not eat any solid food.
她将不吃固体食物。
它还可以表示“结实的”、“坚固的”（指家具、建筑物等）：
This is a solid table.
这张桌子很结实。（指质地）
（2） firm 可以表示“牢固的”、“稳固的”：
This table is firm. You can stand on it.
这桌子结实。你可以站在上面。
firm 可以表示态度、
信念等“坚定的”、“坚决的”：
He is firm about going abroad.
在出国这件事上他态度很坚决。
firm 用于针对孩子时，可表示“严厉的”、“严格的”：
Mary isn't very firm with her children.
玛丽对她的孩子们要求不严。
（3） stable表示“稳定的”、“稳固的”等含义时，可以用于指抽象的
事物（如工作、机构、环境等），也可用于指具体的事物：
I'm glad that you've got a stable job now.
我很高兴你现在有了稳定的工作。
它用于指人时，表示“可靠的”、“可信赖的”、“稳重的”等含义：
He is not a very stable person.
他不太稳重/可靠。

　　练习答案 Key to written exercises
　　1．关键句型练习答案
A What will happen: will set out (1.5); will have(1.9); will not eat (1.9)
What is going to happen: is going to swim (1.1); is going to set out(1.2)
What will be happening: will be watching(1.7); will be waiting(11.9-10)
C 1 We are going to leave at six o'clock.
2 I am going to pay these bills tomorrow.
3 Are you going to write to him?
4 She is not going to look for a new job.
5 When are you going to buy a new car?
2．难点练习答案
1 firm  2 watched  3 look at  4 solid/firm  5 firm
3．多项选择题答案
1 a  2d  3d  4c  5d  6c
7 c  8 b  9a  10 d  11 c  12c

　　【New words and expressions】 生词和短语
★record　n. 记录
如果同一词音节落在第一个音节的重音，肯定是名词，重音落在第二个音节肯定是动词
recorder:录音机
present/desert
break the record:打破记录
set up：建立
set up a new record：建一个记录
hold（keep) the record:保持记录
equal：等号等于
equalize the record:平记录
★strong　adj. 强壮的
as...as... 比如。比方
as strong as horse
strong wind：大风
heavy rain:大雨
strong girl
strong mind :意志坚强
out of sight,out of mind
sturdy⁶：结实
robust⁷：身体结实
strong swimmer
strong+运动员：获胜把握比较大，强有力
★swimmer　n. 游泳运动员
游泳者
athlete：运动员
swimming athlete
★succeed　v. 成功
success n. 成功的人
successful　adj.
succeed in doing sth
be successful in doing sth
fail：失败
failure n.
★train　v. 训练
train sb to do sth ：让某人形成一种技能
teach sb to do sth
trainer：教练
training center
★anxiously　adv. 焦急地
anxious：焦急的
★intend　v. 打算
be to/be about to/be going do: 表将来
intend to do sth＝be going to do sth
plan：计划
plan to do do
mean to do：打算在某事
What do you mean to do(intend to do)?
aim to do sth：打算做某事
aim　n. 目标
I am going to have a company.
I intend to have a company.
I intend to do sth=I will do sth.
hope to do
want to do
★solid　adj. 固体的，硬的
The ice is solid.

　　【课文讲解】
balet dancers /football player
1.work as+地点
2.工作怎么样
（1)interesting/boring/exciting
（2)人对工作的喜欢程度，She/He likes the job very much.
channel：海峡
the Channel=the English Channel
across：横渡
be going to:打算
先说小单位，再说大单位
hope:希望
hope to do:希望自己做
hope that+从句：希望别人做
set up a new world record
strong swimmer
feel(that):宾语从句中的that可以省略
must＋动词原形：表示一定
be sure to do：一定能够
sure
Are you sure? sure:肯定
be sure of(对某件事情名词做宾语）
be sure to do（对某件事情动词有把握）
be sure that(对某件事情某人做某事有把握）
I am sure that I can do sth.=I am sure to do sth.=I am sure of sth.
I am sure of my success.
I am sure to succeed.
U am sure that I can succeed(be successful).
by boat/in a boat
for years
will be doing
as=when
swim+距离：游过多少距离
will be watching sb anxiously as:当。。时候人们会密切（焦急）关注
All the world will be watching anxiously as the war broke out
meet the parents
We will be watching anxiously as you went(go)out.
plan to/intend to
have(take) a break(rest)
take short rests
every two hours
I will plant another tree every three trees.
something to drink:可以喝的东西
have something to eat/read/do
most/most of
most直接用：most of+the
will be waiting
I will be right here waiting for you.
on the coast
among them
oneself放在动词或一句话的后面，往往起强调作用
定语从句中的关系词往往指代的含义是前面的先行词
限定性定语从句/非限定性定语从句
如果有逗号的是非限定性定语从句，如果没有逗号的是限定性定语从句
限定性定语从句可以做，非限定性定语从句不可以做的是that
限定性定语从句少了后面的句子，这句话意思就不完整
非限定性定语从句前面的句子完整，后面的句子起着补充说明的作用
非限定性定语从句一旦有逗号隔开，后面的句子和前面的句子关系就不紧密
among：在。。。之间（三者或三者以上）
between them：左右各一个人 ；among them：很多人
倒装句
地点＋will＋名词
Here you are./Here is my ticket.
Among them will be Debbie's mother
全部倒装：地点（介词短语或副词）＋动词＋名词
Here is my ticket./Here you are.
倒装句型中如果主语是名词，放在动词后面，如果是代词放在动词前面
be going to/will be doing/intend to do. 将来时的表达方式
在陈述句和疑问句中，我们常常用be going to 来代替shall或will
但是下列的句子中我们不能用going to
be going to一定强调计划和安排，顺理成章的不用be going to
Tomorrow will be Tuesday.
wayto go/well done.
bilgo，go

Special difficulties】
watch/look at/follow
watch something happening
look at:看
follow：跟随，follow me
solid/firm/stable
solid:硬的（固体）
firm:稳固的（不松动的）
stable:坚定的（性格）
firm/stable
firm(人）：下定决心，不会改变主意，firm decision
stable（人）：稳重的，可靠的
1...a______decision...
a firm decision
came to a decision/make a decision
come to a conclusion 得出结论
2...______the boats....
watch the boats
watch sb.doing sth.
watch 得出结论直接加宾语
3...I_____your....
May I look at your...
4...so_____that....
so soild 如此的坚硬
enough to do 足以做某事
The ice in the pond is solid enough to walk on.
The ice in jthe pond is so solid that you can walk on it.
The room is clean enough to live in.
The room is so clean that we can live there.
5...be remained._____
be remained firm.

Multiple choice questions】
3...feel sure____it.
sure of + n.
sure to do
sure that...
Answer: D
4....______....
as:由于； 当……时候
as（当……时候）＝when,while
Answer: C
during prep.
though meanwhile; though 虽然
meanwhile=at the same time
meanwhile　adv.
however　adv.然而
连词连接两个句子，副词只能修饰句子或者动词，起修饰作用
8...hopes to ______...
set up a record 创记录
make a record　创造记录
Answer: B
9...sure to be____...
succession⁸ 继任者
successful adj.
success　n.
be + adj. 系表结构
be + n.　前者＝后者
Answer: A