2006年VOA标准英语-Early Drinking is Linked to a Higher Risk of Al

（单词翻译）

By Carol Pearson
Washington, D.C.
17 July 2006
 
watch Alcoholism report

Most adult alcoholics² in the United States began drinking before the age of 21.  That's the result of a new survey of 43,000 Americans. 

Teenage girls in a bar  
  
"I think girls my age drink pretty much every weekend." That’s what one young girl says. If it is true, then the girls who drink are in trouble.

A recent study by the U.S. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism shows the younger a person is when he or she starts drinking, the greater the risk of alcohol dependency as an adult.

Ralph Hingson was the lead author of the study. "What we found was not only are those who start early more likely to develop dependence³, they develop it more rapidly."

Ralph Hingson  
  
The study says children who start drinking alcohol before they are 14 have a drastically higher risk of having an alcohol problem than those who start when they are 21. Nearly half of all alcoholics start drinking before the age of 21. Two-thirds start by the time they are 25.

Hingson says when children or young people are allowed to drink, even at dinner with their parents, their risk of developing a dependency increases. He says this is true regardless of nationality or educational level. "And we found that those who start to drink at a younger age are likely to have features of chronic⁴ relapsing dependence."

"They are more likely to have longer episodes of dependence,” continued Hingson. “And they are more likely to have multiple episodes.  They are more likely to have dependence during any year of their life.  And they are more likely to meet dependence criteria⁵."

 
Carolyn Panzer 
  
Another study, this one funded by U.S. distillers, shows that women and girls are more at risk for alcoholism. Diageo North America is a major producer of alcoholic¹ drinks.

Company Vice⁶ President Carolyn Panzer says, "The research shows that women are more affected⁷ by alcohol than men.  We have a lower tolerance⁸ to alcohol because of our body weight.  And so we feel the effects of intoxication⁹ sooner from the exact same amount of alcohol."

 
Sylvia Rimm
  
Parents play a key role in preventing their children from developing an alcohol dependency says psychologist Sylvia Rimm.  "We have solid research that says when parents are clear to their kids about not drinking, they are much less likely to drink."

The study team led by Ralph Hingson concluded that adults need to help children and young people postpone¹⁰ drinking alcohol.  Researchers now want to find out whether programs that encourage children and young adults to postpone the age when they take that first drink affects the levels of adult alcoholism.

Some video courtesy of The Century Council
Some video courtesy of Journal of The American Medical Association
Some video courtesy of Diageo North America