事实：城墙的保护屏障-Ramparts Are Protective Barriers

（单词翻译）

 Pre-Listening Vocabulary

• rampart: a protective barrier; a fortification
• spangled: filled with sparkling objects
• national anthem¹: a country’s official song; used at special events and ceremonies
• bombardment: attack
• fortify: to build up and provide protection
• embankment: a raised wall or mound² to protect from flooding

Ramparts Are Protective BarriersWhen you sing or listen to the Star Spangled Banner, do you understand the words? The national anthem of the United States of America was inspired by the Battle of Baltimore at Fort McHenry in 1814. The lyrics³ suggest that the stars and stripes of the US flag can be seen over the ramparts despite the bombardment of the British warships⁴. Ramparts are fortified⁵ walls or other protective barriers that go around a fort or castle. Ramparts are built of stone, wood, or earth. Embankments that protect water from reaching a building or city are also ramparts.