新概念英语第三册lesson 50 New Year resolutions

（单词翻译）

Lesson 50:New Year resolutions   新年的决心

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
What marked the end of the writer's New Year resolutions?

    The New Year is a time for resolutions. Mentally, at least, most of us could compile formidable lists of 'dos' and 'don'ts'. The same old favorites recur¹ year in year out with monotonous² regularity³. We resolve to get up earlier each morning, eat less, find more time to play with the children, do a thousand and one jobs about the house, be nice to people we don't' like, drive carefully, and take the dog for a walk every day. Past experience has taught us that certain accomplishments⁵ are beyond attainment⁶. If we remain inveterate⁷ smokers⁸, it is only because we have so often experienced the frustration⁹ that results from failure. Most of us fail in our efforts at self-improvement because our schemes are too ambitious and we never have time to carry them out. We also make the fundamental error of announcing our resolutions to everybody so that we look even more foolish when we slip back into our bad old ways. Aware of these pitfalls¹¹, this year I attempted to keep my resolutions to myself. I limited myself to two modest ambitions: to do physical exercise every morning and to read more of an evening. An all-night party on New Year's Eve provided me with a good excuse for not carrying out either of these new resolutions on the first day of the year, but on the second, I applied¹² myself assiduously to the task.
    The daily exercises lasted only eleven minutes and I proposed to do them early in the morning before anyone had got up. The self-discipline required to drag myself out of bed eleven minutes earlier than usual was considerable. Nevertheless, I managed to creep down into the living room for two days before anyone found me out. After jumping about on the carpet and twisting the human frame into uncomfortable positions, I sat down at the breakfast table in an exhausted¹³ condition. It was this that betrayed me. The next morning the whole family trooped in to watch the performance. That was really unsettling, but I fended¹⁴ off the taunts¹⁶ and jibes¹⁸ of the family good-humouredly and soon everybody got used to the idea. However, my enthusiasm waned²⁰. The time I spent at exercises gradually diminished. Little by little the eleven minutes fell to zero. By January 10th, I was back to where I had started from. I argued that if I spent less time exhausting myself at exercises in the morning, I would keep my mind fresh for reading when I got home formwork Resisting the hypnotizing effect of television, I sat in my room for a few evenings with my eyes glued to book. One night, however, feeling cold and lonely, I went downstairs and sat in front of the television pretending to read. That proved to be my undoing²¹, for I soon got back to my old bad habit of dozing²² off in front of the screen. I still haven't given up my resolution to do more reading. In fact, I have just bought a book entitled How to Read a Thousand Words a Minute. Perhaps it will solve my problem, but I just haven't had time to read it!

New words and expressions 生词和短语

     resolution
n.   决心

     mentally
adv. 内心里

     compile
v.   编辑，编制

     formidable
adj. 令人畏惧的

     recur
v.   再发生，又出现

     regularity
n.   规律性

     accomplishment⁴
n.   成就

     attainment
n.   达到

     inveterate
adj. 根深蒂固的

     self-improvement
n.   自我完善

     scheme
n.   简单的计划，方案

     ambitious
adj. 雄心勃勃的

     pitfall¹⁰
n.   意外的困难，易犯的错误

     modest
adj. 要求不过分的

     assiduously
adv. 刻苦地

     self-discipline
n.   自我约束

     frame
n.   躯体

     betray
v.   暴露，显露

     troop
v.   成群结队地走动

     unsettle
v.   使不安

     taunt¹⁵
n.   嘲笑，奚落人的话

     jibe¹⁷
n.   嘲弄，挖苦

     good-humouredly
adv. 和气地，心情好地

     wane¹⁹
v.   逐渐变小，变弱

     hypnotize
v.   使欲睡，使蒙胧

     undoing
n.   祸根，毁灭的原因

     screen
n.   电视机屏幕

参考译文

    新年是下决心的时候，至少在大多数人的心里会编排出一份“应做什么”和“不应做什么”的令人生畏的单子。相同的决心以单调的规律年复一年地出现。我们决心每天早晨起得早些；吃得少些；多花点时间与孩子们一起做游戏；做大量的家务；对不喜欢的人友善一些；小心驾车；每天都要带着狗散步；等等。以往的经验告诉我们有些事是办不到的。如果我们烟瘾大，戒不掉，那是因为屡戒屡败，失去信心。我们大多数人想自我完善却遭到失败，这是因为我们的规划过于宏大，而又根本没有时间去实施。我们还犯有一个根本性的错误，即把我们的决心向大家宣布。这样一旦滑回到那些老习惯上去，我们在别人的眼里会显得更加难堪。我深知这些问题，于是，今年我对自己的计划要严加保密，只给自己定下两项适中的任务；每天早上锻炼身体，每天晚上多看点书。新年除夕举办的一次通宵晚会，使我理直气壮地在新年头一天免去了这两项任务。不过，新年第二天，我全力以赴地照着去做了。
    早锻炼一共只有11分钟，我打算在别人起床之前进行。这就要求我比平时早11分钟把自己从床上拽起来，这种自我约束是很艰苦的。不过开头两天我还是成功地蹑手蹑脚地来到楼下起居室，被谁也没发现。我在地毯上跳来蹦过去，扭曲身子，摆出各种姿势，弄得浑身不舒服，然后坐到桌边吃早饭，一副筋疲力尽的样子。正是这副模样泄露了我的秘密。第二天早晨全家人结队来到起居室看我表演。这真叫人不好意思，但我心平气和地顶住全家人的嘲笑和奚落。不久，大家对我习以为常了，而这时我的热情却减退了。我花在锻炼上的时间逐渐减少，慢慢地从11分钟减到了零。到了1月10日，我恢复了原来的作息时间。我辩解说，早晨少耗费精力锻炼，晚上下班回家看书时头脑更清醒些。有几天晚上，我极力摆脱了电视的诱惑，坐在自己的房间里，两眼盯在书上。可是，有一天夜里，我感到又冷又孤单，便来到楼下坐在电视机前假装看书。这下我可完了，因为不一会儿，我就恢复了以前的坏习惯，在屏幕前打起瞌睡来。但我还没有放弃多看些书的决心。事实上，我刚买来一本叫《一分钟读一千字的诀窍》的书。也许这本书能解决我的问题，但我一直还没时间去看这本书！

新概念英语正版图书购买

　　自学导读
课文详注 Further notes on the text
1．I went on an excursion recently, but my trip took me longer than I expected.最近我作了一次短途旅行，但这次旅行所花费的时间比我预计的要长。
（1）go on在这里的含义为“为（某一目的）而去”：
I'll go on holiday next month.
我下个月去度假。
Did you go on a trip last month?
你上个月去旅行了吗？
（2）take在句中的含义为“花费（时间）”。take表示此含义时，主语通常不用人，而用某件事，并常用带先行主语it的结构：
It took me half an hour to walk to the station／to repair the bicycle.
走到车站／修理自行车花了我半个小时的时间。
2．I'll tell you where to get off.我会告诉您在哪儿下车。
（1）where to get off是一个“连接副词+不定式短语”结构，其中的连接副词通常为疑问副词。这种结构接近一个名词从句，常
在tell, show, know, decide, teach, learn, wonder,
remember, explain等动词后作宾语：
Did Mary tell you when to come?
玛丽告诉你什么时候来了吗？
Do you know how to open the box?
你知道如何打开这盒子吗？
He didn't tell me where to put those books.
他没有告诉我把那些书放在哪里。
（2）get off与 get on为一对反义词，分别表示“（从汽车等上）下来”和“登上（汽车、火车等）”，off与on既可以作副词又可以作介词：
No one got on/ off(the bus)at the last bus stop.
在上个公共汽车站没有人上／下车。
3．I sat in the front of the bus to get a good view of the countryside.我坐在汽车的前部，以便饱览农村风光。
（1）in the front of表示“在（某一事物的）前部”：
I don't like to sit in the front of a car.
我不喜欢坐在汽车的前座上。
There is a ship in the front of the photo.
这张照片的前景中有条船。
in front of则表示“在……前面”，两者间往往有距离：
He stopped his car in front of a school.
他把车停在一个学校前面。
（2）不定式短语to get…在句子中作目的状语。（cf．第49课语法）
4．This is as far as we go.我们的车就到此为止了。
as far as表示“到……程度／限度”、“就……的限度而言”：
As far as I know, they haven't returned from abroad.
就我所知，他们还没有从国外回来。
This is as far as I can help you.
我所能帮你的仅止于此。
5．I forgot to put you off.我忘了让您下车了。
put off的含义之一是“让……下车（或飞机、船等）”：
They put me off at a small station.
他们让我在一个小站下了车。
6．Well, in that case, I prefer to stay on the bus.好吧，既然如此，我还是留在车上吧。
（1）well单独使用时通常为感叹词，有时表示同意、顺从、踌躇等情感，有时则仅起连接作用，相当于汉语的“嗯”、“噢”、“喔”等。
（2）in that／this case表示“既然是这／那样”、“假使那／这样的话”：
Is he one of your best friends? In that／this case, you may invite him.
他是你最好的朋友之一吗？既然如此，你可以邀请他。

语法 Grammar in use
一般现在时
在第26课的语法中，我们讲到有些表示状态和感觉的动词通常用于一般现在时而不用于进行时，如：appear, appreciate, believe, feel, forget, hear, know, like, look, notice, remember, resemble, see, think, understand。除了这些动词之外，另外有些表示所属关系以及喜好、憎恶、需要等感情的动词通常也只用于一般现在时而不用于进行时。这些动词包括belong to, consist of, contain, desire, detest²³, dislike, hate, hope, love, matter, mean, mind, need, want, wish等。它们往往表示通常的状态而不是具体动作。
The car belongs to Dan.
那辆车是丹的。（不可用进行时）
I need a new hat.
我需要一顶新帽子。（表示状态）

　　词汇学习 Word study
1．lose, loose与miss
（1）lose通常为及物动词，可以表示“失去”、“丧失”、“遗失”、“丢失”等含义：
Roy has lost his job again.
罗伊又失业了。
Try not to lose your ticket.
别丢了你的票。
A large sum of money has been lost.
有一大笔钱丢失了。
She lost her parents when she was sixteen.
她16岁时便失去了双亲。
（2）loose虽然词形与lose比较相似，意义与用法却有很大区别。它主要作形容词，表示“松的”、“松动的”、“松开的”：
The handle of this suitcase is very/ has come loose.
这个手提箱的把手非常松／松了。
（3）miss通常作及物动词，可以表示“错过”、“未能……”、“缺（课等）”、“惦念”、“想念”等多种含义：
Hurry or you'll miss the train.
动作快点，否则你要赶不上火车了。
I missed my English lesson.
我英语课缺课了。
The Turners left the district last year and we really miss them.
特纳一家去年离开了这个地区，我们真的很想念他们。
2．expect与wait for
（1）expect可以表示“预计……可能发生（或来到）”、“等待”、“期盼”等。它表示等待时往往侧重人的心理而不是具体在某个地方等：
I expect/ I'm expecting to hear from you.
我等着你的来信。
I'm expecting the bus to arrive in the next ten minutes.
我想10分钟之内公共汽车就会到。
（2）wait for主要指“等待”这个动作本身：
I'm waiting for the next bus.
我在等下一班公共汽车。
I'll wait for you outside the post office.
我将在邮局外面等你。

练习答案 Key to written exercises
1．关键句型练习答案
A love travelling(1.1); don't like losing(1.1); don't know where it is(1.5); This is as far as we go (1.10)
B ‘Let's eat here,’I said to my wife.
‘I(would) prefer to have a drink first,’she answered.
‘That's a good idea,’I said. I picked up the menu.‘I don't understand a thing.’I said.‘It's all in Spanish.’
‘It doesn't matter,’said my wife.
‘What does that word mean?’I asked.
‘I don't know,’she answered.
We called the waiter and pointed²⁴ to the word on the menu.‘Two,’I said, holding up two fingers.
After some time, my wife said suddenly,‘Look! He's bringing us two boiled eggs!’
2．难点练习答案
a/ b 1 miss  2 loose  3 expect  4 lose  5 waited
c 1 It takes me an hour to get to my office.
2 It took me fifteen hours to reach Tokyo.
3 It took him six months to write the book.
3．多项选择题答案
1 b  2 d  3a  4c  5c  6a
7 a  8 d  9 b  10 b  11 c  12 d

　　课堂笔记
love doing/like doing强调一种习惯，喜欢做某事
i love my brother，but i don't like his girlfriend
i love having dinner with you，but i don't like paying for dinner
go on an excursion＝have an excursion
take花费
take sb some time
Eg.：My trip took me a long time
it 形式主语
it takes sb some time to do sth
it takes sb some time that...
it took me a month to learn book 2
sb spend some time doing sth
i spent a month learning English
sb spend some time on sth
金钱上的花费cost，pay for sth
than i expected【口语话】比我所预料的
the question is easier than i expected
you are greater than i expected
you are more beautiful than i expected
you are better than i expected
than i thought比我原以为的
the holiday took you longer than i expected
the English class took me longer than i thought
get on the bus上车
get off the bus下车
i will tell you where you can（should） get off
i will tell you where to get off
语法结构：特殊疑问词＋to＋动词原形 可用来取代宾语从句
How can I get there？
can you tell me how i can get there
can you tell me how to get there
can you tell me what to do？
can you tell me how i should do
i don't know which to choose
i wonder when to have a meeting
exercise
1、did you find out____the pie out of oven？
a to take b have taken
c when to take d pile up answer ：c
find out 发现
pie馅饼
oven火炉
take sth out of 取出来
did you find out when we could（can）take the pie out of oven
in the front of前者属于后者的范围
in front of前者不属于后者的范围
the teacher stands in the front of the classroom
the teacher stands in front of the students
get a good view of 欣赏......的美景
i stood at the window to get a good view of the city
after some time＝after a time
looking round
现在分词或过去分词做状语，那么这个动作必然与主句主语相关
1、非谓语动词做状语，这个动作必然与主句主语有关
－ing与主句主语构成主动关系
－ed与主句主语构成被动关系
to do与主句主语构成目的关系
2、如果非谓语动词做定语，只与被修饰词相关，与主语无关
passing plain路过的飞机
ploughed field耕过的地
3、如果-ing/-ed做宾补，与宾语有关
i find the door locked
i realized with a shock that...
i do sth with an excitement
that引导宾语从句
left放在被修饰词之后
with＋n 表　　示状态
as far as we go
this is as far as i can do
as far as ＋ 从句；最大程度地，最大限度地
as far as we go＝we couldn't go any more
i can't bear（it any more）
it was more than i could bear
this is as far as i bear
this is as far as i can understand
this is as far as i can afford我只能付这么多钱
Oh dear哦，天呐
forget to do忘记去做某事
forget doing忘记已经做了什么事
I forget to shut the door我忘了锁门
i forget shutting the door我忘门已经锁了
put sb off
put off the meeting/put off the appointment表示推迟，延期
put sb off off adv＝remind sb to do 表示提醒
put sb off推脱，敷衍
My son always asks me to take him up，I always put him off
in that case如果那样的话
in this case如果这样的话
prefer to do sth宁可做某事
prefer to do...rather than...宁可...也不...
letter writing
how to begin a letter
a、给朋友写信要称呼他们的名字，如亲爱的弗雷德，决不要以亲爱德朋友之类德词语开头
b、给亲戚写信，则可以这样开头：亲爱的妈妈，亲爱的弗雷德叔叔；
但决不可称亲爱的表兄
如何给下列人写信：
你的祖母Dear grandma 你的表姐Dear Elizabeth
你的朋友杰克：Dear Jack²⁵ 你的叔叔汤姆：Dear Uncle Tom
key structures
表示习惯性动作的动词
belong to，consist of，contain，desire，detest，hate，hope，love，matter，mean，mind，need，want，wish
special difficulties
lose丢失
loose adj 松动的
miss v 怀念，思念，错过
sth is lost/sth is missing
missing adj 不见了的
missing boy 失踪了的孩子
servral screws have come loose。
come loose系动词＋adj松了
expect，wait for
I get to the office in an hour
-->it takes me an hour to get to the office
bet on sth就...打赌