托福写作高分技巧：如何"造句"？

　　托福写作造句要做到准确、多样以及高分表达

　　1. 句型分析

　　英语的句型包括以下几种，简单句、复合句、并列句、并列复合句等。在托福写作中，一般使用复合句，辅以并列句和并列复合句，当然肯定要有简单句，做到长短句相结合。下面摘抄几个句子给大家认识并分析一下复合句和并列

　　复合句。

　　a. Even though I usually know what I have to say, I cannot always express myself correctly in English.

　　这句话是一个复合句，由even though引导的让步状语从句。

　　b. This challenges me to practice my spoken English, with the result that I can complete the speaking tasks more fluently and quickly.

　　这句话中是一个复合句。with介词结构中，有一个that引导的同位语从句对result进行解释说明。

　　c. I think this is less than ideal¹ because any differences in opinion become personal conflicts, and therefore that might jeopardize² the employee’s job.

　　上句话是一个并列复杂句。and 连接了两个句子，是一个并列句;because引导的原因状语从句。

　　d. Shallow³ writing is indicative⁴ of weak critical-thinking skills, and such writing, which is often described as “sophomoric”, receives low mark.

　　这句话同样是并列复杂句。由and连接两个句子，成为并列句，再一个which引导的定语从句。

　　2. 有问题的句子的列举

　　分析认为，考生写的句子容易出现三个问题：一是使用破碎句，二是使用接连句，三是句子连接不正确。

　　1) 破碎句

　　所谓破碎句，就是句子不完整，通常是没有谓语(或者说谓语是动词的非谓语形式，如分词)，或者是从句单独成句。

　　破碎句：She singing alone.(无谓语，singing是现在分词)

　　正确句：She is singing alone.

　　破碎句：He did not come. Because he was sick.(从句单独成句)

　　正确句：He did not come because he was sick.

　　2) 接连句

　　所谓接连据，就是两个句子直接连在一起，既未使用连词，也未使用正确的标点符号。

　　接连句: Professionals such as lawyers or accountants usually work longer hours than factory workers they have greater freedom in planning their time.

　　正确句一: Professionals such as lawyers or accountants usually work longer hours than factory workers. However, they have greater freedom in planning their time.

　　正确句二: Professionals such as lawyers or accountants usually work longer hours than factory workers; however, they have greater freedom in planning their time.

　　3) 句子连接不正确

　　所谓句子连接不正确，就是两个独立的句子之间以逗号连接，这是不合英语语法的。正确的做法是以连词、分号、冒号、句号等连接两个句子。

　　不正确句: Breaking chalk into two pieces is a physical change, there is no change in the composition of the chalk.

　　正确句： Breaking chalk into two pieces is a physical change, so there is no change in the composition of the chalk.

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