VOA常速英语2018--俄罗斯践踏人权

（单词翻译）

Human rights abuses in Russia continued to be a serious problem in 2017, according to the State Department's Human Rights Report issued in late April. The Russian Government continues to quash dissent¹ and civil society, even while it invades its neighbors and undermines the sovereignty of Western nations, said John Sullivan, who was serving as Acting² Secretary of State at the report's release.

2017年，俄罗斯践踏人权问题依然严重，这是四月末美国国务院发布的人权报告中显示的。俄罗斯政府镇压异见和民间社会发生的活动，就连俄罗斯侵略邻国以及破坏多个西方国家的主权时也不例外，报告发布时的代理国务卿约翰 苏利文(John Sullivan)如是说道。

According to the report, among the most significant human rights concerns during the year were the reports of extrajudicial killings⁴, disappearances⁵, and mass torture of over 100 gay persons in Chechnya.

根据报告内容，2017年最为严重的人权问题包括法外处决、让公民人间蒸发、在车臣市大规模虐待100多名同性恋。

Outside of Chechnya, there were allegations of systematic⁶ use of torture by police and prison officials, sometimes resulting in death, and at times including punitive⁷ psychiatric incarceration⁸. Prison conditions were reported to be harsh and life-threatening. The government failed to take adequate steps to prosecute⁹ or punish most officials who committed abuses, resulting in a climate of impunity¹⁰.

车臣市之外的其他地方也有控诉发声——警方和监狱管教人员存在系统性虐待囚犯的行为，甚至导致死亡，有时候还会有惩罚性的精神监禁。据报道，监狱的条件十分艰苦，甚至威胁到生命安全。俄罗斯政府没有采取充分的措施来检举以及惩罚大多数有践踏人权行为的公职人员，造成了可以逍遥法外的局面。

There was a lack of judicial³ independence. Authorities detained and prosecuted¹¹ individuals for political reasons. Political prisoners were quite frequently charged with terrorism, extremism, separatism, and espionage¹².

俄罗斯缺乏司法独立。当局可以出于政治原因拘留并指控公民。政治囚犯总是被冠以恐怖主义、极端主义、分离主义以及从事间谍活动的罪名。

The government severely¹³ restricted freedom of expression by various means, including the use of antiextremism and other vague laws to prosecute peaceful dissent; impunity for violence against journalists and bloggers; financial and editorial pressure on independent media outlets¹⁴; blocking and filtering of internet content and use of cyberattacks to disrupt speech on the internet.

俄罗斯政府通过多种手段严重限制了言论自由，包括使用反极端主义等模糊的法律来之指控和平发声的人们；让对记者和博主实施暴力的人逍遥法外；对独立媒体施加财务压力和社会舆论压力；屏蔽并过滤互联网上的内容，通过黑客攻击来扰乱互联网言论自由。

The rights of peaceful assembly and freedom of association were also severely restricted, primarily through implementation¹⁵ of laws on public assemblies, and by falsely labeling civil society organizations foreign agents and undesirable¹⁶ foreign organizations.

和平集会和结社自由的权利也受到了严重的限制，主要方式是以执法为由阻止公共集会；无中生有地给民间社会组织加以国外代理人以及不受欢迎的外国组织的标签.

The government also limited the ability of opposition¹⁷ political parties to organize, register candidates for public office, access media, and conduct political campaigns, thus precluding¹⁸ free and fair elections.

俄罗斯政府还限制了反对派政党的如下能力：组织能力、选举候选人的能力、向媒体发声的能力、从事政治活动的能力，从而限制反对派政党进行自由公正选举的能力。

We once again urge Russia to end its brutal¹⁹ occupation of Ukraine's Crimean Peninsula, said Mr. Sullivan, to halt the abuses perpetrated by Russian-led forces in Ukraine's Donbas region, and to address impunity for the human rights violations²⁰ and abuses in the Republic of Chechnya.

我们再次敦促俄罗斯停止残暴侵占乌克兰克里米亚半岛的行径，苏利文如是说道，我们同时也敦促俄罗斯领导的军力停止在乌克兰顿巴斯地区的残暴行径，让践踏人权和车臣共和国的人付出代价。