VOA慢速英语2019 校园内该不该开设咖啡馆?

（单词翻译）

Should Coffee Bars Be in Schools?

Americans are drinking less milk today than they did 40 years ago. In fact, Americans are drinking about 40 percent less than they did in 1975.

与40年前相比，现在的美国人喝牛奶少了。其实，美国人现在的饮用牛奶数量比1975年减少了40%。

This decrease has led the United States dairy industry to explore new ways to get people to drink milk. One method it is testing: helping¹ to set up coffee bars in U.S. high schools.

这一减少导致美国乳制品行业开始探索让美国人喝牛奶的新方法。其中一种实验方法是：帮助在美国各高中设立咖啡馆。

Schools prepare coffee drinks in different ways, but milk is always the main ingredient in lattes. Lattes are “really milk with some coffee, as far as proportion,” notes Julie Ostrow of the Midwest Dairy Association.

学校以不同的方式准备咖啡饮品，但是牛奶一直是拿铁的主要成分。美国中西部乳制品协会的朱莉·奥斯卓指出，拿铁咖啡“就比例而言，确实是牛奶和咖啡结合的产物”。

That is why Midwest Dairy is providing financial help for a coffee bar at a fourth high school in the Fort Zumwalt, Missouri area during the upcoming school year. In exchange, the group will get data on how much milk is used for the lattes, as well as other information about food products with dairy.

这就是美国中西部乳制品协会在新学年到来之际，为密苏里州祖姆沃尔特堡地区第四所高中的一个咖啡馆提供资金援助的原因。作为交换条件，该组织将获得有关拿铁中使用牛奶比例的数据，以及与乳制品有关的其他食品信息。

Dairy groups have worked with high schools in many states. At a high school in North Dakota, for example, a $5,000 grant from a dairy group helped pay for an espresso machine. The device makes lattes with about .23 liters of milk each. The drinks used around 2,000 liters of milk this past school year.

乳制品集团与很多州的高中展开了合作。例如，在北达科达州的一所高中里，一家乳制品集团捐赠的5000美元帮助购买了一台咖啡机。该机器可以用0.23升的牛奶制作拿铁咖啡。在过去的一学年里，这类饮品共消耗掉约2000升牛奶。

In Florida, a dairy group said it paid for coffee carts in 21 high schools this past year. In the American Southwest, a dairy group gave grants to seven schools for coffee programs.

在佛罗里达州，一家乳制品集团表示，去年他们为21所高中的咖啡车支付了费用。在美国西南部，一家乳制品集团为7所学校的咖啡项目提供了资助。

Not all high school coffee bars get money from dairy groups. Even then, the money may only cover a small amount of the costs. But school food operators say lattes give American teenagers another reason to stay on school grounds.

并不是所有的高中咖啡馆都从乳制品集团获得了投资。即便如此，这笔投资也只能支付一小部分开销。但是学校食品经营者称，拿铁给了美国青少年另一个留在学校的理由。

But not everyone thinks teens should drink coffee, or that they need milk.

但并不是每个人都认为青少年应该喝咖啡，或者他们需要牛奶。

The American Academy of Pediatrics disapproves² of children consuming products with caffeine. The group notes possible harmful effects on developing bodies. Some studies have linked caffeine use to lack of sleep, headaches and agitation³.

美国儿科学会不赞成儿童食用含有咖啡因的产品。该组织指出，可能会对发育中的身体产生有害的影响。一些研究已经将咖啡因的使用与睡眠不足、头痛和躁动联系起来。

While dairy is a good way to get calcium⁴ and vitamin D, it is not the only way to get such nutrients⁵, says Doctor Natalie Muth. She is a child care specialist and representative for the American Academy of Pediatrics.

娜塔莉·穆特医生称，虽然乳制品是获取钙和维生素D的有效来源，但并不是获得这些营养的唯一途径。她是一位儿童护理专家和美国儿科学会的代表。

As for lattes, Muth said there are ways to persuade students to get the nutrients of milk without promoting caffeine use.

穆斯指出，至于拿铁咖啡，有方法可以说服学生在不增加咖啡因摄入量的情况下摄取牛奶的营养。

“If they’re going to be having that outside of school, that’s one thing. But in schools, the idea is to promote good health and nutrition,” she said.

“如果他们打算在校外喝咖啡，那就另当别论。但在学校，这样做是为了促进身体健康和营养摄取。”

For years, the U.S. dairy industry has been known for its “Got Milk” advertising⁶ campaign. Now, the industry is hoping its newer “Undeniably Dairy” ads will help fight off such products as almond milk, soy milk, or oat milk. These drinks are becoming more popular with Americans.

多年来，美国乳制品行业一直以其“喝牛奶”的广告宣传活动而闻名。如今，该行业希望其最新的“Undeniably Dairy”广告能有助于提升对杏仁奶、豆奶或燕麦奶等产品的竞争力。这些饮料越来越受美国人的欢迎。

The dairy industry is also reacting to changing ideas about diet and nutrition.

乳制品行业也在对饮食和营养观念的改变做出反应。

With fat no longer seen as bad for human health, skim milk has suffered the sharpest decreases in demand in recent years. Skim milk is milk that has had all of the fat removed.

由于脂肪不再被视为对人体健康有害，脱脂牛奶的需求量近年来出现了最大幅度的下降。脱脂牛奶是把所有的脂肪都去除的牛奶。

It is difficult for dairy producers to reduce production of skim milk because it is left over after making other products, such as butter, cheese and ice cream.

乳制品生产商很难降低脱脂牛奶的产量，因为这类牛奶是在生产黄油、奶酪和冰淇淋等其他产品后留存下来的。

The dairy industry blames government rules that limit the fat in milk for teenagers drinking less milk. It argues that generations of students are growing up disliking milk because of the watery⁷ taste of skim.

乳品行业将此归咎于政府限制青少年少摄取牛奶中脂肪含量的规定。它认为，一代又一代的学生在成长过程中都不喜欢牛奶，因为脱脂牛奶的味道很淡。

Words in This Story

dairy – adj. containing or made from milk

bar – n. a business where drinks are served

ingredient – n. an important part of something

proportion - n. the relationship that exists between the size, number, or amount of two things

grant – n. an amount of money given for a specific purpose

espresso - n. strong coffee that is made by forcing steam through finely ground roasted coffee beans

cart – n. a vehicle with two or four wheels

consume – v. to eat or drink