VOA慢速英语--印尼指责波音飞机问题造成狮航空难

（单词翻译）

Indonesia Blames Boeing Design, Other Problems for Deadly Lion Air Crash

Indonesian investigators² say a combination of design problems and other issues were to blame for a Boeing 737 Max 8 jet crashing shortly after it left Jakarta last year. The investigation³ found that a lack of pilot training and poor flight crew performance also were partly responsible for the crash.

All 189 people on the plane were killed.

A summary version of the final report said the pilots did not know how to react to problems in the plane’s automated⁵ flight-control system.

The Indonesian government has yet to release the full report.

The investigators identified nine problems that they believe were responsible for the deadly crash.

Chief investigator¹ Nurcahyo Utomo told reporters that, “If one of the nine had not occurred, maybe the accident wouldn’t have happened.”

The airplane belonged to the Indonesian company Lion Air, a low cost carrier. On October 29, 2018, the Boeing 737 Max 8 disappeared from radar⁶ after the pilots told air traffic controllers that the plane was not gaining altitude and speed as it should.

Five months later, a similar situation happened on the same kind of Boeing jet in Ethiopia. That plane also crashed, killing⁷ 157 people.

After the Ethiopian crash, Boeing was put under intense pressure to explain what had happened. Many countries barred the 737 Max 8 from their airspace.

A short time later, all Max 8 jets were banned from flying and they have yet to return to service. The problems with the jets have brought attention to the safety certification process in the United States.

What happened on the Lion Air flight?

Indonesia’s National Transportation Safety Committee said the flight control system, known as the MCAS, on the Max 8 was poorly designed. It noted⁸ that the MCAS system depends on a single “angle of attack” sensor⁹. This instrument recognizes if the plane is pointing up or down. The committee considered this a design mistake.

The head of the committee said in a statement that “The aircraft flight manual and flight crew training did not include information about MCAS.”

The summary version also pointed¹⁰ to other problems that led to the crash.

The airplane that crashed had only been in use for two months, but days before the crash it began having problems. Workers installed a new “angle of attack” sensor in the plane while it was in Bali one day before the crash. However, the instrument had been mis-calibrated during an earlier repair. Investigators said they were unable to find out if the new sensor had been tested.

Then, soon after the Max 8 left Bali on a flight to Jakarta, the plane’s instruments warned of problems related to airspeed and altitude. The captain and the co-pilot regained¹¹ control of the plane by turning off the automated control system. They then continued on to Jakarta, but did not fully¹² report the problems, the summary said. So Lion Air maintenance crews did not investigate.

Aviation expert Gerry Soejatman said that the flight from Bali to Jakarta was lucky. He said most of the blame should be placed on Boeing, the plane’s manufacturer.

The American company released a statement Friday. Boeing said it was working to consider all the safety recommendations to prevent a similar problem. The company said it has redesigned the flight control system to operate using two sensors¹³.

The U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) welcomed the recommendations from the investigation.

I’m Mario Ritter Jr.

Words in This Story

summary – n. a shorter version of a document that gives the most important information

automate⁴ – adj. self-operating or robotic

occur – v. to happen

altitude – n. the height of something above the level of the sea

certification – n. documentation; a written guarantee

manual – n. a document or booklet that tells how to use something

install – v. to make something ready for use by putting everything in place and making changes

mis-calibrate – v. to make a bad or wrong measurement

aviation – n. related to or involving the operation of airplanes

recommendation – n. suggestion; proposal