PBS高端访谈:特朗普将就引航分化的世界在达沃斯论坛上强辩到底

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Judy Woodruff: A small town in the Swiss Alps becomes a focus of world attention one week a year. Davos hosts the World Economic Forum¹, with a rarefied guest list of business tycoons², prime ministers, and this year, for the first time in nearly two decades, the president of the United States. Special correspondent Ryan Chilcote is there for us and has our look at this most alpine³ of summits.

Ryan Chilcote: The heaviest snowfall in two decades, six feet dropped on the Swiss Alps in less than a week, didn't stop the World Economic Forum from getting under way. No, the main challenge for many of the 3,000 movers, shakers, scribes and gawkers, just getting here.

Mari Sawai: No, I have never seen anything like this before. It's a bit of a struggle. I didn't even bring snow boots, so I'm trying not to fall.

Ryan Chilcote: This year's official theme is creating a shared future in a fractured world. Klaus Schwab is the forum's founder⁴, now in its 48th year.

Klaus Schwab: The world is socially fractured. It's environmentally fractured. But it's also politically divided. So, what we want to do here is to analyze⁵, what are the reasons. But what is much more important is to afterwards search for solutions.

Ryan Chilcote: The elite⁶ annual gathering⁷ is being held under tight security. There are some 70 heads of state there, hobnobbing with titans of industry and academia, celebrities⁸ and advocates. There's really nothing quite like it. In my first hour here, I bumped into the head of one of the world's largest jewelry⁹ companies, an entrepreneur starting his own cryptocurrency, and the head of a Brazilian biotech firm. Davos is where legacy¹⁰ businesses meet the disrupters, where developing and developed countries come together to network, to learn from one another and, of course, to do deals. Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi's opening address called on countries to unite, while ignoring some of his country's own protectionist policies.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi (through interpreter): Many societies and countries are becoming more and more focused on themselves. It feels like the opposite of globalization is happening. We will have to accept the fact that globalization is slowly losing its luster¹¹.

Ryan Chilcote: The four-day meeting aims to tackle a number of pressing geopolitical issues, in addition to globalization, climate change, the migrant crisis, and gender¹² equality. Canada's prime minister, Justin Trudeau-

Prime Minister Justin Trudeau: We need to have a critical discussion on women's rights, equality and the power dynamics¹³ of gender.

Ryan Chilcote: Global inequality is another major topic, said Christine Lagarde, the managing director of the International Monetary¹⁴ Fund.

Christine Lagarde: There are still too many people who are left out of that recovery and acceleration¹⁵ of growth.

Ryan Chilcote: The week's most anticipated speaker is perhaps its unlikeliest, President Trump¹⁶, who'll be rubbing elbows with the very same folks he berated¹⁷ on the campaign trail.

President Donald Trump: This wave of globalization has wiped out totally, totally our middle class.

Ryan Chilcote: It's the first time a sitting U.S. president has attended the forum since Bill Clinton in 2000. Mr. Trump is bringing much of his team here. Top White House advisers¹⁹ previewed the trip yesterday, and were asked, in essence, why he's going to a forum that goes against his America first agenda. Economic adviser¹⁸ Gary Cohn-

Gary Cohn: America first is not America alone. The president is going to Davos to speak to world leaders about investing in the United States, moving businesses to the United States, hiring American workers.

Ryan Chilcote: President Trump won't be welcomed by everyone. Protesters routinely blast the invitation-only conference, arguing it's an unabashed celebration of capitalism²⁰ gone awry²¹.

Alex Hedinger: We have been protesting all the years now against the World Economic Forum, and if Trump comes or not, we don't care. Trump is just — maybe he's the best symbol for this world.

Ryan Chilcote: President Trump gets the final word when he delivers the closing address on Friday. For the PBS NewsHour, I'm Ryan Chilcote in Davos.

朱迪·伍德瑞夫：每年都有那么一周，让瑞士阿尔卑斯山的这座小城成为世界关注的焦点。能够出现在达沃斯世界经济论坛上的，通常只有凤毛麟角的商业大亨、国家总理，而今年，美国总统位列其中，这在近二十年来还属首次。特约记者瑞安·奇科特为我们报道阿尔卑斯山的这场盛会。

瑞安·奇科特：20年都没下过这么大的雪了，本次降雪已持续将近一周，雪深已达六英尺，但达沃斯世界经济论坛并未因此受到任何阻挡。不，对于前来与会的3000人来说，倒是个不小的困难。

玛丽·塞万：不，我以前从来没有见过这般景象。颇费努力。我甚至连雪地靴都没带，所以我尽量不要摔跤。

瑞安·奇科特：今年大会的主题是“在分化的世界中打造共同命运”。自施瓦布创立达沃斯论坛起已有48个年头。

克劳斯·施瓦布：这个世界是分化的世界，它环境多元，政治上也有分歧。因此，在这里我们要做的是分析造成这种局面的原因。但更重要的是，我们要为后续寻找解决方案。

瑞安·奇科特：精英大佬们的年度聚会，在安全问题上，自然戒备森严。这里云集了来自70个国家的领导人，他们都与来自工商界学术界的俊杰、名人及倡导者交往密切。真是如此。我刚到这里一个小时，就遇见了一个世界最大珠宝公司的高管，他开发了自己的加密货币，也是巴西一个生物科技公司的负责人。在达沃斯，传统企业受到挑战，发展中国家和发达国家汇聚一堂，相互联系，相互学习，当然，也做交易。印度总理纳伦德拉·莫迪致开幕词，呼吁各国团结一心，对一些自我保护政策应予以摒弃。

纳伦德拉·莫迪总理（翻译）：许多国家地区越来越只专注于自己（的发展）。感觉这样做违背了全球化的初衷。我们将不得不接受这样一个事实，那就是全球化正慢慢失去它的光辉。

瑞安·奇科特：为期四天的会议旨在处理一些紧迫的地缘政治问题，此外，也涉及到全球化、气候变化、移民危机和两性平等等诸多问题。加拿大总理贾斯廷·特鲁多—

贾斯廷·特鲁多总理：我们需要对妇女权利、（性别）平等以及性别力量均衡进行重要讨论。

瑞安·奇科特：国际货币基金组织总经理克里斯蒂娜·拉加德说，全球不平等也是一个重要议题。

克里斯蒂娜·拉加德：有很多人（国家）仍无法实现经济复苏和加速发展。

瑞安·奇科特：本周最受期待的人也许是最不靠谱的特朗普总统。接下来他将与自己在竞选中大加指责的人物们保持接触。

唐纳德·特朗普总统：全球化浪潮彻底摧毁了我们的中产阶级。

瑞安·奇科特：这是自2000年比尔·克林顿总统以来，现任美国总统首次出席达沃斯论坛。特朗普先生来到这里，还带了不少他的团队成员。白宫顶级顾问昨日对行程进行了预先介绍，并被问及，从本质来讲，特朗普为什么要去参加一个与他“美国优先”政策格格不入的会议。经济顾问加里·科恩—

加里·科恩：“美国优先”不是指美国要孤傲不群。总统将前往达沃斯与世界各国领导人谈论在美国投资、企业转移以及聘用美国雇员的问题。

瑞安·奇科特：不会人人都欢迎特朗普总统的到来。抗议者们常常对此次会议邀请大加痛斥，称这是不折不扣地在庆祝资本主义的消亡。

艾利克斯·黑丁格：这些年来，我们一直在抗议世界经济论坛，特朗普来不来，我们并不在乎。特朗普只是——也许他是代表这个世界的最佳符号。

瑞安·奇科特：最终，特朗普总统在周五发表闭幕词时强辩到底。PBS NewsHour，我是瑞安·奇科特，从达沃斯发回报道。