PBS高端访谈:莫里亚难民营发生火灾

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JUDY WOODRUFF: Fire ripped through the Moria refugee camp on the Greek island of Lesbos last night and reignited today. The camp was overcrowded and unsanitary, but it was the only place its thousands of inhabitants called home. Special correspondent Malcolm Brabant visited Moria earlier this year and has this report.

MALCOLM BRABANT: Along with his fellow asylum¹ seekers, Fahim Ibrahimi from Afghanistan lost everything in the flames.

FAHIM IBRAHIMI, Afghani Migrant: My house is finished. All fires is many, all finished.

MALCOLM BRABANT: Moria was Europe's largest and most notorious refugee camp. It was supposed to house 2,000, but 13,000 lived in squalid conditions in and outsid the barbed wire. Now they are all more destitute² than ever.

CORNILLE NDAMA, Congolese Migrant: Our house is vanished. Our food is vanished. Everything. Our money is gone. We don't know what is going to happen.

GOHARI MOUSHTABA, Iranian Migrant (through translator): Now we will sleep on the street. What can we do? We don't have food. We don't anything. What can we do?

MALCOLM BRABANT: Morning revealed the true extent of this catastrophe³. The fire began after midnight, when a group protested against new coronavirus restrictions⁴. So far, 35 migrants have tested positive for COVID. They were obliged to isolate⁵ and there were fears that other migrants could end up in detention⁶.

SALAM ALDEEN, Founder⁷, Team Humanity: They thought, OK, everything is a mess right now. They wanted to put us all in jail, all of us, the camp. They want to put a fence around. We don't want to be there, and they start burning things. And I think, though, it started maybe with one fire, and it went crazy. People just got enough.

MALCOLM BRABANT: Salam Aldeen runs a nonprofit called Team Humanity that helps Moria's occupants. Aldeen says his volunteers went into the camp to help save people. So far, no deaths have been reported. There was anger that police stopped the refugees from reaching nearby Mytilini. The Greeks have effectively placed the camp in quarantine because they don't want the virus spreading.

SALAM ALDEEN: The police have blocked the road, the entry, actually the road to the city. They blocked it in front of my center. They don't want the refugees to go there.

MALCOLM BRABANT: The relationship between islanders and refugees has frequently been fractious. There's been a campaign to remove the asylum seekers to the mainland. The conditions in Moria have consistently been condemned⁸ as inhumane. Greece has long complained that it is unable to cope with tens of thousands of asylum seekers, some of whom have been stuck in the country for years. It has appealed for international help after the fire. And Germany has responded.

STEVE ALTER, Spokesperson, German Interior Ministry⁹ (through translator): Now is the time to define together with the Greeks what kind of help is needed. We will then evaluate this request and then assist quickly and straightforwardly¹⁰. We have helped Greece many times in the past, and, of course, we will do so now.

MALCOLM BRABANT: This disaster has exacerbated¹¹ tensions between the islanders and their unwanted neighbors. The U.N. Refugee Agency has appealed to the migrants to stay close to the remains¹² of the camp, while efforts are made to find them new accommodation. For the PBS NewsHour, I'm Malcolm Brabant.

朱迪·伍德拉夫：昨晚，希腊莱斯博斯岛上的莫里亚难民营起火，今天又重新燃起。这个营地人满为患，不卫生，但它是唯一一个被成千上万的居民称为家的地方。特派记者马尔科姆·布拉班特今年早些时候访问了莫里亚，并发来报道。

马尔科姆·布拉班特：和其他寻求庇护者一样，来自阿富汗的法希姆·易卜拉希米在大火中失去了一切。

法希姆·易卜拉希米，阿富汗移民：我的房子没了，到处都是大火，都没了。

马尔科姆·布拉班特：莫里亚是欧洲最大、最臭名昭著的难民营。它本应容纳2000人，但1.3万人住在铁丝网内外的肮脏环境中。现在他们比以往任何时候都更加贫穷。刚果移民科尼尔·安达玛：我们的房子消失了。我们的食物不见了。一切。我们的钱没了。我们不知道会发生什么。

伊朗移民戈雅·木沙巴（同过翻译）：现在我们睡在街上。我们能做什么？我们没有食物。我们什么都不做。我们能做什么？

马尔科姆·布拉班特：早晨揭示了这场灾难的真实程度。大火是在午夜后开始的，当时一群人抗议新冠状病毒限制。到目前为止，35名移民的COVID检测呈阳性。他们被迫隔离，人们担心其他移民最终会被扣押。

萨拉姆·奥尔丁，人类团队创始人：他们认为，好吧，现在一切都一团糟。他们想把我们都关进监狱，我们所有人，难民营。他们想在四周围一道篱笆。我们不想呆在那里，他们开始烧东西。我想，虽然，它可能是从一次火灾开始的，然后开始肆虐。人们已经受够了。

马尔科姆·布拉班特：萨拉姆·奥尔丁经营着一个名为“人类团队”的非营利组织，帮助莫里亚的难民。奥尔丁说，他的志愿者进入营地帮助救人。到目前为止，还没有死亡报告。警察阻止难民到达米蒂利尼附近，引起了人们的愤怒。希腊人实际上已经把营地隔离起来，因为他们不希望病毒传播。

萨拉姆·奥尔丁：警察封锁了道路，入口，实际上是通往城市的道路。他们挡住了通往中心的路。他们不想让难民去那里。马尔科姆·布拉班特：岛民和难民之间的关系经常是不稳定的。有一场将寻求庇护者遣送到大陆的运动。莫里亚的情况一直被谴责为不人道。希腊长期以来一直抱怨说，它无法应付数以万计的寻求庇护者，其中一些人多年来一直被困在希腊。火灾发生后，它呼吁国际社会提供帮助。德国也做出了回应。

德国内政部发言人史蒂夫·阿尔特（通过翻译）：现在是时候和希腊人一起确定需要什么样的帮助了。然后我们将评估这个请求，然后快速直接地提供帮助。我们过去曾多次帮助希腊，当然，现在也会这样做。

马尔科姆·布拉班特：这场灾难加剧了岛民和他们不想要的邻居之间的紧张关系。联合国难民署呼吁这些移民靠近难民营遗迹，同时努力为他们找到新的住处。我是马尔科姆·布拉班特。