VOA慢速英语2021 美国宣布对俄罗斯实施新制裁

（单词翻译）

The administration of President Joe Biden announced new economic measures against Russia Thursday. The administration took action to punish Russia for interfering¹ in U.S. elections, stealing information and activities in Afghanistan and Ukraine.

周四，美国总统乔·拜登领导的政府宣布针对俄罗斯的新经济措施。美国政府采取行动，就俄罗斯干预美国大选、窃取信息以及其在阿富汗和乌克兰的行动进行惩罚。

The restrictions² represent the first U.S. measures against Russia for the SolarWinds hacking⁴ operation. In that incident, Russian hackers⁵ are believed to have stolen information from computer networks of at least nine U.S. agencies and several businesses. U.S. officials believe it was an intelligence-gathering operation aimed at stealing government secrets.

这些限制是美国就“太阳风”黑客行动针对俄罗斯采取的第一项措施。在那起事件中，据信俄罗斯黑客窃取了至少9家美国机构和数家企业的计算机网络信息。美国官员认为，这是旨在窃取政府机密的情报收集行动。

Last month, U.S. intelligence officials accused Russia of trying to help former president Donald Trump's reelection campaign.

上个月，美国情报官员指责俄罗斯试图帮助前总统唐纳德·特朗普竞选连任。

The actions announced Thursday include economic measures, or sanctions, on six Russian companies that support the country's hacking activities. The measures target 32 individuals and groups, accusing them of attempting to interfere⁶ in last year's presidential election. Eight have ties to Russia's occupation of Crimea. Ten Russian diplomats⁷, including those with ties to intelligence services, are also expelled.

周四宣布的行动包括对支持俄罗斯黑客活动的六家俄罗斯公司采取经济措施或制裁。这些措施针对32个俄罗斯个人和组织，美国指控他们企图干预去年举行的总统大选。另有8个俄罗斯实体与个人因与俄罗斯占领克里米亚有关而遭制裁。美国还将驱逐10名俄罗斯外交人员，其中包括俄罗斯情报部门人员。

The sanctions target Russia's ability to borrow money by banning U.S. businesses from buying Russian bonds directly from Russia. Other measures are expected as Biden gave an executive order permitting the U.S. government to sanction any part of the Russian economy.

制裁措施通过禁止美国企业直接从俄罗斯购买俄罗斯债券，来限制俄罗斯的借贷能力。由于拜登发布行政命令，允许美国政府制裁俄罗斯经济的任何部分，因此预计未来还会采取其他措施。

"These actions are intended to hold Russia to account for its reckless actions. We will act firmly in response to Russian actions that cause harm to us or our allies and partners," Secretary of State Antony Blinken said in a statement.

美国国务卿安东尼·布林肯在声明中表示，“这些行动旨在让俄罗斯为其鲁莽行动负责。我们将采取坚定行动，应对俄罗斯对我们或我们的盟友和伙伴造成伤害的行动。”

After the sanctions were announced, Russian Foreign Ministry⁸ spokeswoman Maria Zakharova warned that Russia will answer the moves. She said the ministry had called in the U.S. ambassador for a "hard conversation," but would not immediately say what action Russia would take.

制裁措施宣布后，俄罗斯外交部发言人玛利亚·扎哈罗娃警告称，俄罗斯将对这些行动作出回应。她表示，俄罗斯外交部已召见美国驻俄罗斯大使进行“严肃会谈”，但俄方不会立即说明将采取什么行动。

The Biden administration also said it was using diplomatic, military and intelligence communication lines to deal with reports of Russian activities in Afghanistan. In 2019, Russia reportedly offered money to the Taliban in exchange for killing⁹ American troops in the country.

拜登政府还表示，他们在利用外交、军事和情报通讯线路处理有关俄罗斯在阿富汗活动的报道。据报道，俄罗斯在2019年向塔利班提供资金，要求杀害驻阿富汗美军。

The sanctions send a message to Russia. But they are likely to increase tension in the relationship between the U.S. and Russia.

美国实施制裁向俄罗斯传递了一个信息。但这些措施很可能加剧美俄之间的紧张关系。

Earlier this week, Biden asked Russian President Vladimir Putin in a phone call to "de-escalate¹⁰ tensions" following a Russian military buildup on Ukraine's border. He said the United States would "act firmly in defense¹¹ of its national interests" in relation to Russian activities and election interference.

本周早些时候，拜登在与俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京通话表示，希望普京“缓和紧张局势”，在此之前，俄罗斯开始在乌克兰边境增兵。拜登表示，美国将应对俄罗斯的行动和干预选举行为，“坚决捍卫自己的国家利益”。

In a television interview last month, Biden said "I do" when asked if he thought Putin was a "killer¹²." He said the days of the U.S. "rolling over" to Putin have ended.

拜登上个月在接受电视采访时被问及是否认为普京是“杀手”，他回答“我认为是”。他表示，美国向普京“屈服”的日子已经结束了。

Putin later recalled Russia's ambassador to the U.S. He also pointed¹³ at the U.S. history with slaves and Native Americans and the atomic bombing of Japan ending World War II.

之后，普京召回了俄罗斯驻美大使。他还指出美国历史上的奴隶制和印第安人问题，以及美国用原子弹轰炸日本而结束了第二次世界大战。

The actions would represent the second major set of sanctions by the Biden administration against Russia. Last month, the U.S. sanctioned seven Russian officials and several government groups for the nerve-agent attack and imprisonment¹⁴ of opposition¹⁵ leader Alexei Navalny.

这些行动将是拜登政府对俄罗斯实施的第二套主要制裁措施。上个月，美国以神经毒剂袭击和监禁反对派领袖阿列克谢·纳瓦尔尼为由，制裁了7名俄罗斯官员和多个政府组织。

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Words in This Story

hack³ –v. to secretly get into computer files or networks in order to get information or to cause damage

reckless –adj. not showing the correct concern about the possible bad results of actions

conversation –n. an informal talk involving two people or a small group; talking in an informal way

escalate –n. to make something worse or more severe