VOA慢速英语--罗马斗兽场的“心脏”向游客开放

（单词翻译）

"The beating heart of Rome is not the marble of the Senate¹, it's the sand of the Colosseum," the Roman senator² Gracchus said in the 2000 Oscar-winning movie Gladiator.

The Colosseum is an ancient structure built more than 2000 years ago. The Romans used the huge, rounded building as a performance space. Thousands of people could be seated in the open-air theater to watch a show or public activity.

Performances included competitions by professional fighters, called gladiators, most of whom were enslaved. They often fought other gladiators but also could face prisoners or dangerous animals, like lions. Executions³ also took place there.

The Colosseum is the largest building that the Roman Empire produced. It is also Italy's most popular ancient structure. More than 7.6 million people visited the Colosseum in 2019.

But its own beating heart is the underground passages and rooms where prisoners, animals and gladiators waited to enter the field above their heads. Now, that underground area, known as the hypogeum, is open to the public after lengthy⁴ repairs.

More than 80 archaeologists, architects and engineers worked on the 15,000 square-meter area for two years.

Tod's, the Italian clothing company, supported the work. Its chairman, Diego Della Valle said the effort aimed to "bring back to the center of the attention a monument that the whole world loves."

The theater's balconies used to hold up to 70,000 people who would come to watch the gladiator fights, executions and animal hunts. Before the hypogeum was built, the space could also be filled with water to re-enact sea battles.

Now a new 160 meter walkway permits visitors to see the hypogeum.

It is the second part of a three-part process that started eight years ago, with Tod's promise of $30 million to pay for the project. Tod's is also supporting several similar projects in the country.

"It is...important for relevant⁵ companies to make themselves available to the country, understanding what they can do for the country," Della Valle said.

"This is about important pieces for Italy, monuments that are well-known all over the world," he added.

The first part of the project included cleaning the outside walls of the Colosseum. That was completed in 2016. The final part includes renewing⁶ the area where the public would watch the events. Workers are putting in a new lighting⁷ system and creating a new visitor center. The project is expected to be completed in about three years.

Separately, the Italian government has decided⁸ to provide the ancient Roman theater with high-technology flooring, which is expected to be in place by 2023.

Words in This Story

marble –n. a kind of stone that is often polished for use in buildings and statues

sand –n. very small pieces of rock found on beaches and in deserts

archaeologist –n. a scientists who studies past human life and activities by studying ancient bones, tools, buildings and other products of culture

architect –n. a professional who designs buildings

balcony –n. a raised surface that is connected to the side of a building and surrounded by a low wall or rail

relevant –adj. relating to a subject in an appropriate or useful way