VOA名师答疑2023--How to Use Avoid, Prevent

（单词翻译）

How to Use Avoid, Prevent

This week on Ask a Teacher, we answer a question from Sergio in Brazil. He asks,

Question:

I would like to know whether there is any difference between "avoid" and "prevent."

Sergio, Brazil.

Answer:

Dear Sergio,

Thank you for writing to us with this question. These words are similar – they both express the idea of staying away from something. Let us look at the meaning of each word and then we will compare how they are used.

Avoid

Avoid means to keep away from a person or thing. Here are some examples:

After we had that fight, my sister has been avoiding me.

Pizza makes my stomach hurt, so I avoid eating it.

Note that in these examples, the word that comes after "avoid" can be a noun¹ or a gerund (the -ing form of a verb).

Prevent

Now, consider the word "prevent." It means to take some action to stop something from happening. It can be used in a simple way with a noun. So, going back to our previous example:

To prevent stomach problems, I do not eat pizza.

In this sentence, several nouns² follow the word "prevent." The meaning is clearly to stop something.

You can also use "prevent" in a more complex sentence with an object followed by a verb. This gives us a more detailed³ idea of stopping someone from doing something. In fact, you will often find the word "from" in sentences with "prevent."

The city wants to prevent drivers from speeding on that road, so they added some speed bumps⁵.

In this example, drivers cannot go too fast because the city placed some raised areas, speed bumps, on the road, forcing cars to slow down.

So, Sergio, if you are trying to decide between avoid and prevent, think about this difference. "Avoid" is just staying away from something you do not like or want. "Prevent" is to take an action that keeps someone from doing something or keeps something from happening.

Words in This Story

bump⁴ – n. a raised area