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VOA科学技术2023 中科大研究人员称其AI机器人发现火星制氧途径

时间：2024-01-05 01:57:46

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Study: AI Robot Finds Way to Produce Oxygen from Water on Mars

中科大研究人员称其AI机器人发现火星制氧途径

Chinese researchers say they have built an artificial intelligence (AI) robot that can carry out chemical reactions to produce oxygen from water on Mars.

中国研究人员表示，他们已经制造了一个人工智能机器人，可以进行化学反应，从火星上的水中生成氧气。

The system could be another way for space travelers in the future to make much-needed oxygen on Mars. Humans visiting the Red Planet will need oxygen to support life. The gas could also be used to make rocket fuel, which is difficult to transport to space.

该系统可能是未来太空旅行者在火星上制造急需氧气的另一种方式。访问这颗红色星球的人类将需要氧气来维持生命。这种气体还可以用来制造很难运上太空的火箭燃料。

Scientists have already established from multiple studies that Mars contains large amounts of water. Most of the water exists in the form of ice. Developers of the new robot system in China say it can be used to release oxygen from the planet's water supply.

科学家们已经通过多项研究证实，火星含有大量的水。大部分水以冰的形式存在。中国这个新机器人系统的开发人员表示，它可以用于从火星的水资源中释放氧气。

Scientists at the University of Science and Technology of China in Hefei led the research. The team explored whether an AI robot could use materials found on Mars to produce catalysts2 to break down water and release oxygen. A catalyst1 is a substance that permits certain chemical reactions to happen.

位于合肥的中国科学技术大学的科学家们领导了这项研究。该团队探索了人工智能机器人是否可以利用火星上发现的材料生产催化剂来分解水和释放氧气。催化剂是一种允许某些化学反应发生的物质。

Experiments were carried out on meteorites4 that either came from Mars or contained materials similar to the Martian surface. The researchers said the "robot chemist" first used an acid and chemical mixture to separate and examine materials contained in the meteorites. It identified several different metallic5 elements, including iron, nickel, magnesium6 and aluminum7.

实验是在来自火星或含有类似火星表面材料的陨石上进行的。研究人员表示，这位“机器人化学家”首先使用酸和化学混合物来分离和检查陨石中所含的物质。它鉴定出几种不同的金属元素，包括铁、镍、镁和铝。

The machine then worked to identify different molecules9 that could be produced from meteorite3 materials. The team said the system found more than 3.7 million possible molecule8 combinations.

然后，该机器开始识别陨石材料中可能产生的不同分子。该团队表示，该系统发现了370多万种可能的分子组合。

The robot used that data to predict which catalysts would be able to split water molecules to produce oxygen. The catalyst chosen as the best fit was able to operate at minus 37 degrees Celsius10. This temperature is similar to current conditions on Mars.

该机器人利用这些数据来预测哪些催化剂能够分解水分子产生氧气。被选为最佳配合的催化剂能够在零下37摄氏度下运行。这个温度与火星的现状相似。

A press release announcing the experimental findings said the AI chemist was able to complete the whole process without human involvement in just two months. The release claimed such an operation "would take 2000 years for a human chemist" to finish.

宣布该实验结果的新闻稿称，这位人工智能化学家得以在仅仅两个月内完成整个过程，而无需人类参与。新闻稿称，这样的操作“需要人类化学家花费2000年才能完成”。

The publication Nature Synthesis reported the full results of the study.

《自然·合成》杂志报道了这项研究的全部结果。

The study's lead writer, Jun Jiang, told the website Space.com that as a boy, he often dreamed of being able to one day travel in space. "So when we finally saw that the catalysts made by the robot could actually produce oxygen by splitting water molecules, I felt like my dream was coming true. I even started to imagine that I, myself, will live on Mars in the future."

这项研究的主要作者江俊告诉太空网，他小时候经常梦想有一天能在太空旅行。“所以，当我们终于看到机器人制造的催化剂实际上可以通过分解水分子来产生氧气时，我觉得我的梦想成真了。我甚至开始想象我自己将来会生活在火星上。”

The researchers said they plan next to test whether their AI system performs well under a series of other conditions – besides temperature – found on Mars.

研究人员表示，他们计划下一步测试他们的人工智能系统在火星上发现的除温度外的一系列其他条件下是否表现良好。

A report explaining the study's results in Nature notes Jiang suggests that for every square meter of Martian material, his group’s system could produce nearly 60 grams of oxygen per hour. The researchers say this level of production could remove the need for future astronauts to transport oxygen from Earth. "The robot can work continuously for years," Jiang said.

《自然》杂志上发表的一份解释这项研究结果的报告特别提到，江俊称他的团队的系统用每平方米的火星物质每小时可以生成近60克的氧气。研究人员表示，这种生产水平可以消除未来宇航员从地球运输氧气的需求。江俊说：“这个机器人可以连续工作好几年。”

Jiang told Nature he thinks his team's robotic system could also be used to produce other useful catalysts on Mars. This could include processes for making substances to support the growth of plants that could be used to produce food for astronauts.

江俊告诉《自然》杂志，他认为他的团队的机器人系统也可以用于在火星上生成其他有用的催化剂。这可能包括生成支持植物生长的物质，这些植物可以用来为宇航员生产食物。

"Different chemicals can be made by this robot," Jiang said. He noted11 that Mars might also not be the only place where it could find other uses, suggesting the moon as another possibility.

江俊说：“这个机器人可以生成不同的化学物质。”他指出，火星可能也不是它唯一的用武之地，暗示月球是另一种可能性。


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点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 catalyst vOVzu     
n.催化剂，造成变化的人或事
参考例句：
  • A catalyst is a substance which speeds up a chemical reaction.催化剂是一种能加速化学反应的物质。
  • The workers'demand for better conditions was a catalyst for social change.工人们要求改善工作条件促进了社会变革。
2 catalysts 677fdea123458fc2ff92eb84d07254e9     
n.催化剂( catalyst的名词复数 )；触媒；促进因素；有感染力的人
参考例句：
  • The first catalytic converters were called conventional oxidation catalysts. 最初的转化器叫做常规氧化催化器。 来自辞典例句
  • Many processes that are essential to the chemical industry use heterogeneous catalysts. 很多重要的化学工业过程就是使用多相催化剂的。 来自辞典例句
3 meteorite 2wNy1     
n.陨石；流星
参考例句：
  • The meteorite in Jilin Exhibition Hall is believed to be the largest in the world.吉林展览馆的陨石被认为是世界上最大的。
  • The famous Murchison meteorite smashed into the Australian ground in 1969.1969年著名的默奇森陨石轰然坠落在澳大利亚。
4 meteorites 12efd1ed528a28fe1f7cb667a7fbc1e0     
n.陨星( meteorite的名词复数 )
参考例句：
  • Small meteorites have left impact craters all over the planet's surface. 这个行星的表面布满了小块陨石留下的撞击坑。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • One theory about the existence of extraterrestrial life rests on the presence of carbon compounds in meteorites. 地球外存在生命的理论是基于陨星上存在碳化合物质这一事实的。 来自《简明英汉词典》
5 metallic LCuxO     
adj.金属的；金属制的；含金属的；产金属的；像金属的
参考例句：
  • A sharp metallic note coming from the outside frightened me.外面传来尖锐铿锵的声音吓了我一跳。
  • He picked up a metallic ring last night.昨夜他捡了一个金属戒指。
6 magnesium bRiz8     
n.镁
参考例句：
  • Magnesium is the nutrient element in plant growth.镁是植物生长的营养要素。
  • The water contains high amounts of magnesium.这水含有大量的镁。
7 aluminum 9xhzP     
n.(aluminium)铝
参考例句：
  • The aluminum sheets cannot be too much thicker than 0.04 inches.铝板厚度不能超过0.04英寸。
  • During the launch phase,it would ride in a protective aluminum shell.在发射阶段，它盛在一只保护的铝壳里。
8 molecule Y6Tzn     
n.分子，克分子
参考例句：
  • A molecule of water is made up of two atoms of hygrogen and one atom of oxygen.一个水分子是由P妈̬f婘̬ 妈̬成的。
  • This gives us the structural formula of the molecule.这种方式给出了分子的结构式。
9 molecules 187c25e49d45ad10b2f266c1fa7a8d49     
分子( molecule的名词复数 )
参考例句：
  • The structure of molecules can be seen under an electron microscope. 分子的结构可在电子显微镜下观察到。
  • Inside the reactor the large molecules are cracked into smaller molecules. 在反应堆里，大分子裂变为小分子。
10 Celsius AXRzl     
adj.摄氏温度计的，摄氏的
参考例句：
  • The temperature tonight will fall to seven degrees Celsius.今晚气温将下降到七摄氏度。
  • The maximum temperature in July may be 36 degrees Celsius.七月份最高温度可能达到36摄氏度。
11 noted 5n4zXc     
adj.著名的，知名的
参考例句：
  • The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
  • Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。

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